[Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering] Transportation Soil Engineering in Cold Regions, Volume 2 Volume 50 (Proceedings of TRANSOILCOLD 2019) ||

This volume comprises select papers presented during TRANSOILCOLD 2019. It covers the challenges and problems faced by engineers, designers, contractors, and infrastructure owners during planning and building of transport infrastructure in Arctic and cold regions. The contents of this book will be of use to researchers and professional engineers alike. Organizing Committee Honorary Chair Conference Chair Vice-chairs Conference Secretary Conference Committee Members Local Committee International Committee Editorial Committee Preface Contents About the Editors Use of Geosynthetics in Transport Construction. Stabilization in Transportation Bearing Capacity Mechanism of Geocell Reinforced Soil Foundations 1 Introduction 2 Precision Improvement of PIV Analysis 3 Visualization of Model Test 4 Conclusion References The Influence of Sand Composition on Railway Track Pumping and Deformation in Winter Period 1 Introduction 2 Results and Discussion 3 Conclusions References Experimental Investigation of Railway Maintenance with Stoneblowing Techniques 1 Introduction 2 The Design of Test Sections 2.1 Joints’ Alignment with Stoneblowing 3 Results 3.1 Unloaded Profile Measurements 3.2 Loaded Profile Measurements 3.3 Results 4 Conclusion References Modeling of a Railway Roadbed Reinforcement 1 Introduction 2 Railway Subgrade Modeling 3 Model Test Facility and the Scale Model Choice 4 Geosynthetics Properties and Their Laying 5 Test Procedure 6 Discussion 7 Conclusions References Mechanistic-Experimental Approach for Determination of Basic Properties of Mechanically Stabilized Layers 1 The Structure of Mechanically Stabilized Layer 2 Laboratory Experiments 3 Inverse FEM Modelling 4 Conclusions References Stamp Test of Railway Ballast, Stabilized by Geogrids 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Setup 3 Material Properties and Their Laying 4 Test Procedure 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusions References Relevant Properties of PET-Geosynthetics in Cold Regions 1 Introduction 2 PET Behavior at Different Temperatures 2.1 Hydrolytic Degradation 2.2 Creep-Rupture 2.3 Stress-Strain Behavior 3 Soil Temperature Regimes 4 Conclusion References The Technology of Mechanically Stabilized Layers for Road Structures in Cold Regions 1 Introduction 2 Actual Concept of Mechanically Stabilized Layer (MSL) 3 MSL Potential for Roads on Weak Soils in Cold Regions 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Modelling, Design, Construction and Exploitation of Railway and Highway Subgrade Numerical Simulation of the Work of a Low-Settlement Embankment on a Pile Foundation in the Process of Permafrost Soil Thawing 1 Engineering-Geological Structure of a Considered Site 2 Deformations of an Embankment 3 Methodology of Geotechnical Modeling of the Subgrade Thawing on Weak Grounds 4 Heat-Engineering Calculation of Bulk on a Permafrost Base 5 Calculation of Deflected Mode of Embankment on Thawed Grounds 6 Conclusions References Experimental Evaluation of the Deformational Calculation Method of Foundations for Overpasses of High-Speed Railways 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Studies on Deformation of Soil Under the Model of a Shallow Foundation (The Model Tests) 3 Comparison of Experimentally Measured and Calculated Soil Settlements Using the Deformational Calculation Method and the Numerical Simulation 4 Comparison of Soil Settlements Using the Proposed Method and the Most Common Approximate (“Engineering”) Methods 5 Economic Efficiency Substantiation of the Deformational Calculation Method 6 Conclusion References Numerical Modeling of Railway Embankment Deformations in Permafrost Regions, Central Yakutia 1 Introduction 2 Embankment Description 3 Problem Definition 4 Numerical Experiment 4.1 Input Data 4.2 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Calibration of PLAXIS Frozen/Unfrozen Soil Model According to Results of Laboratory Tests and In-situ Monitoring 1 Introduction 2 In-situ Verification Object 3 Model Parameter and Their Determination 3.1 General Description 3.2 Model Parameters 4 Determination of Input Parameters 4.1 Correlations and Default Values 4.2 Oedometer Tests 4.3 Frost Heave 5 Numerical Simulation and Calibration Procedure 5.1 General Settings 5.2 Influence of Selected Parameters 5.3 Results 6 Reproduction of Field Test Data 6.1 Geometry and Boundary Conditions 6.2 Simulation and Results 7 Discussions 8 Conclusions References The Frozen Depth and Its Prediction Affected by Shallow Phreatic Groundwater by Modified Berggren Equation 1 Introduction 2 Geothermal Data Analysis 2.1 Monitoring Points 2.2 Geotemperature 2.3 The Calculation of Air Freezing Index 3 Applicability of the Modified Berggren Equation 3.1 Ground Surface Freezing Index and Maximum Frost Depth 3.2 Parameters of the Modified Berggren Equation 3.3 Applicability Check of the Modified Berggren Equation 4 Conclusion References Calculation of Soil–Transport Structure Interaction 1 Introduction 2 A Model with Independent Strain Hardening 2.1 Making Dependencies of Volumetric Deformations on Ball Tensor and Shear Deformations on Stress Deviator 2.2 A Dependency of Shear Deformations on Stress Deviator for Cohesive Soils 2.3 Approximation of Dependencies 3 The Account of Development of Deformations in Time 3.1 Development of Deformations of Volume in Time 3.2 Development of Deformations of Form Change in Time 4 Comparison of Calculation Results and in Situ Investigations 4.1 The Initial Data for Numerical Modeling 4.2 Simulation Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References Considering the Strength Soils Variability in the Consolidation by Numerical Modeling 1 Introduction 1.1 Unstabilized State 1.2 Stabilized Condition 2 Numerical Modeling 3 Conclusion References Engineering Survey and Field Testing Identification of the Emergency Condition Reasons at Railway Lines that Are in Difficult Geocryological Conditions 1 Introduction 2 Engineering and Geological Conditions of the Territory 3 Slope Stability Assessment 4 Slope Stability Assessment Results 5 Conclusion References Experimental Researches in Defining Deformations by Free Station Method and Results Processing by Search Method 1 Introduction 2 The Sequence of Monitoring 3 Study Value 4 Testing of the Technique 4.1 The Location Coordinate of Marks Along the Perimeter of the Objects 4.2 Determining the Coordinates of the Pools Corners 5 Summary of the Results of the Deformations Determination References The Use of Terrestrial Laser Scanning for the Development and Control the Design Documentation of Reconstruction Projects 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Construction Characteristics 4 Measurements with TLS 5 Experimental Results 5.1 Cloud Registration 5.2 Control Laser Scan Results 5.3 Creating BIM 5.4 BIM Clash Detection 6 Discussion and Future Work 7 Conclusion References Three-Dimensional Laser Scanning for Safety of Transport Infrastructure with Application of Neural Network Algorithms and Methods of Artificial Intelligence 1 Introduction 2 Intellectual Systems of Support and Decision-Making (ISPPR) 3 The Design of the Offered System 4 Conclusion References Use of Geoinformatics for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping: A Case Study of Murree, Northern Area, Pakistan 1 Introduction 2 Study Area 3 Objective 4 Datasets and Methodology 5 Results 5.1 Slope Angle Map 5.2 Geological Map 5.3 NDVI 5.4 Land Use and Land Cover 5.5 Landslide Susceptibility Map 6 Conclusion 7 Recommendations References Bridge Leveling Network Monitoring in Construction on Highly Heaving Soils 1 Introduction 2 General Information on the Construction Object 3 Geodetic Control Network Stability Monitoring 4 Conclusion References Determining the Refraction Coefficient Based on the Differences of the Measured and Known Zenith Distances in Short-Distance Trigonometric Leveling 1 Introduction 2 Determination of Refractive Indexes 3 Field Survey and Pre-Calculation of the Accuracy of Measurement Results 4 Conclusion References Features of Engineering Surveys in Areas of Permafrost Prevalence by the Example of the Project “Northern Latitudinal Way” 1 Introduction 2 Geodetic Measurements 3 Geological Measurements 4 Geophysical Measurements 5 Conclusion References The Study of Railway Embankment Deformations in Cold Regions 1 Introduction 2 Evaluation of the Impact of Heavy Traffic on the State of High Railway Embankments 3 Conclusion References Laboratory Soil Testing Compression Curves’ Extrapolation to High Pressures for Soft Clay Soils 1 Introduction 2 Main Part 3 Conclusions References Experimental Study on Pore Water Pressure and Microstructures of Silty Clay Under Freeze-Thaw Cycles 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Study 2.1 Materials and Specimen Preparation 2.2 One-Dimensional Freeze-Thaw Test 2.3 Cryo-SEM Technique and the Microstructure Observation 3 Typical Results and Analysis 3.1 Redistribution of Water 3.2 The Change of Pore Water Pressure 3.3 Analysis of Microstructure 3.4 Relationship Between Macroscopic Phenomena and Microstructure 4 Conclusions References Technical Improvements in Testing Small-Strain Deformation Behaviour of Frozen Soil 1 Introduction 2 Material and Test Method 2.1 Tested Material and Triaxial Apparatus 2.2 Testing Conditions and Procedures 3 Test Results and Discussions 3.1 Comparison of Two Loading Approaches to Deal with Effect of Ram-Bush Friction 3.2 Small-Strain Deformation Characteristics of Frozen Clay 4 Summary and Conclusions References Experimental Study on Induced Anisotropies of Remolded Loess in Cold Region 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Test Materials 2.2 The Instrument Used in the Test 2.3 Test Plan 3 Results 3.1 Stress and Strain Relationship 3.2 Soil Strength 3.3 Deformation 4 Conclusions References Investigation of Frost Heave Considering the Boundary Conditions of Artificial Ground Freezing 1 Introduction 1.1 Model Assumptions 2 Mechanism of Frost Heave 3 Test Device and Soil Properties 4 Testing Program 5 Test Results 6 Conclusion References Frost-Heaving Pressure and Stiffness of Compacted Roadbed Material by Laboratory Model Test 1 Introduction 2 Laboratory Model Test in the Freezing Chamber 3 Laboratory Model Test Results 4 Conclusion References The Effect of Different Additives on the Swelling Process of Heavy Clays 1 Introduction 2 Construction Properties of Heavy Clays—Research Findings 3 Methods for Improvement of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Heavy Clays 4 Reinforced Soils Properties Investigation Findings 5 Conclusion References Geoecoprotective Materials, Structures and Technologies for Transportation The Method of Estimation of the Technical Conditions of Transport Facilities Used in Cold Regions After the Accidents Caused by Temperature Anomalies 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Geoecoprotective Building Structures for Transport Construction Using Mineral Technogenic Silicates and Their Properties 1 Introduction 2 Research Objects and Methods 3 Research Results 4 Findings References Geoecoprotective Technologies from Heavy Metal Ions Pollution for Transport Construction in Permafrost Regions 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Research Results 4 Conclusions References High-Strength Concrete with Improved Deformation Characteristics for Road Surfaces 1 Introduction 2 Results and Discussion 3 Conclusions References Geoecoprotective Screens for Road Construction and Operation in Cold Regions 1 Introduction 2 Objects and Research Methods 3 Research Results 4 Conclusions References Efficiency Evaluation of the Use of Mineral Technogenic Substances in Geoecoprotective Technologies of Transport Construction 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Objects of Research 3 Conclusions References A High-Performance Repair Mixture to Restore and Protect Damaged Concrete Structures 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Objects of Research 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Multifunctional Nanomodified Concrete of New Generation 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Objects of Research 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Increasing the Level of Properties of Composite Materials for Civil Engineering Geoconstruction with the Use of New Generation Additives 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Objects of Research 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Geoecochemical Basis of Geoecoprotective Technologies 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Information Assessment of Natural Geosystem Preservation in Geoconstruction by Improving the Quality of Concrete 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Safing Technologies for Lithosphere Geoecoprotection 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Specificities of Soling Processes in Technologies of Geoconstruction 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Criteria of Green Geoecoprotective Technologies in Transport Construction 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Modification of Mineral Substance Surfaces for Geosphere Protection 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References A Structure of Atoms of the Main Phase of Industrial Wastes Predict Properties of Building Materials in Transport Construction in Cold Regions 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Objects of Research 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Calculation of Heat Losses for a Wall from Various Materials 4 Conclusions References Silica Sol in Transport Construction 1 Introduction 2 Research Methods 2.1 Assessment of the Detoxifying Ability of Silica Sol 2.2 Determination of the Required Concentration of Silica Dioxide 2.3 Fabrication and Testing of Beams from Soil, Reinforced with Silica Sol 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Cold Recycling Technology 3.2 Stabilization Technology (Soil Reinforcement) 4 Conclusions References The Method of Producing Non-autoclaved Foam Concrete Based on Polymers for the Construction of Various Road Structures in Cold Regions 1 Introduction 2 Experiment 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Conservation of Mineral Resources in Transport and Civil Construction 1 Introduction 2 Scientific Basis of Resource Conservation in Construction 3 Technological Solutions for the Mineral Resources Conservation in Construction 4 Conclusions References The Acceleration of Hardening of Non-autoclaved Foam Concrete with the Mechano-Activated Binder When Constructing in the Arctic and Cold Regions 1 Introduction 2 Results and Discussion 3 Conclusions References Effective Building Ceramics for Transport Infrastructure 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose and Objectives of the Study 1.2 Short Literary Review 2 Methods and Experiments 3 Results and Discussion References