Latin American Foreign Policies in the New World Order : The Active Non-Alignment Option

For long, Latin America had the conceit of considering itself as "the middle class of nations"—not as rich as prosperous as the North Atlantic countries but certainly more so than those of Africa and Asia. This notion was always a bit of an artifice. Yet, it is one that has become especially apparent as the region descends from periphery to marginality, and "diplomatic eclipse", in the words of Alain Rouquié. What to do to revert this trend? In this book, some of the region's leading analysts and foreign policymakers argue that Active Non-Alignment is the path to follow if the region is to realize its full potential and occupy its rightful place in the concert of nations. Steeped in the best traditions of the Global South, but sharply attuned to the imperatives of the new century, Active Non Alignment constitutes a guide to foreign policy action in a world in turmoil, in which those not present at the high table charting a new path and shaping the new system will be left behind. Charting the change from the old Third World's cahiers des doleances diplomacy championing the New International Economic Order (NIEO) to the current new collective financial statecraft of the New South, reflected in entities like the Asian Investment and Infrastructure Bank (AIIB) and the New Development Bank, the book opens new vistas for a Latin America. The latter has diversified its diplomatic, trade, investment and financial links and will not let itself be cajoled back to the days of the Monroe Doctrine. Yet, the forging of collective action will require a much more concerted effort at regional cooperation that has been extant until now. For those purposes, Active Non Alignment provides the right set of tools. | Latin America, with 8 percent of the world's population and 30 percent of the world's deaths from COVID-19, is Ground Zero of the pandemic. The region has also had the world's worst economic performance in this period. Moreover, it is presently caught in the Second Cold War that is emerging between the United States and China. In this context, the active non-alignment option constitutes an imaginative and creative way out of the current crisis. Cover Contents List of Tables and Figures Foreword Introduction: Active Non-Alignment (ANA) A Doctrine PART ONE. The Emerging World Order 1. A World Order in Crisis 2. The State of US-Latin American Relations: The Case for a Diplomacy of Equidistance 3. China as a New Partner for Latin America: Toward a Diversification of International Relations 4. The United States–China Competition and its Impact on Latin America in The Post-Pandemic World 5. Latin American Foreign Policies in an Era of Transition PART TWO. Active Non-Alignment in the New Geopolitical Environment 6. The United States-China Dispute and Latin American Security 7. The Resurgence of Eurasia and Latin America 8. From the Non-Aligned Movement to Active Non-Alignment: History and Lessons 9. Latin America in The Post-Western World 10. Latin America and Active Non-Alignment PART THREE. Active Non-Alignment in the New International Political Economy 11. The Insertion of Latin America in The World Economy 12. Active Non-Alignment, Global Governance and International Financing 13. Active Non-Alignment and Global Economic Governance: Trade and Investment 14. Latin America, The Covid-19 Pandemic, and The Restructuring of Value Chains 15. The Promise of Active Non-Alignment and its Intersection with Post-Hegemonic Regionalism PART FOUR. National Perspectives 16. Chile’s Route to Non-Alignment, 1945–1973 17. Argentina and The Third Position 18. Peru, Autonomy, and Active Non-Alignment 19. Brazil and The Global South Conclusions—Implications of an Active Non-Alignment (ANA) Notes on Contributors Index Latin America, with 8 per cent of the worlds population and 30 per cent of the worlds deaths from Covid-19, is Ground Zero of the pandemic. The region has also had the worlds worst economic performance in this period. Moreover, it is presently caught in the Second Cold War that is emerging between the United States and China. In this context, the Active Non-Alignment option constitutes an imaginative and creative way out of the current crisis.