Language Awareness: Readings for College Writers

Language Awareness helps students understand that writing makes things happen in the world. This collection teaches students how language operates and how it evolves over time?and this understanding, in turn, helps students use language more effectively in their own writing. The supportive apparatus includes unique Language in Action activities, which connect the everyday and the academic by examining current language-related debates that deepen students' understanding of each reading. This beloved reader has stood the test of time and has been revised with feedback from instructors across the country. The new edition features a blend of classic and contemporary readings that examine a wide range of topics through the lens of language. New readings include a range of perspectives around current topics like "fake news," gender-neutral pronouns, and the #MeToo movement. Inside Front Cover 2 Title Page 5 Copyright Page 7 Dedication 9 Preface 10 Brief Contents 28 Contents 31 Rhetorical Contents 48 Part 1 53 Chapter 1: Reading Critically 55 Getting the Most Out of Your Reading 58 1. Prepare Yourself to Read the Selection 59 Be Specific, Natalie Goldberg 60 2. Read the Selection to Get an Overview of It 62 Be Specific 63 3. Annotate the Selection with Marginal Notes 65 4. Summarize the Selection in Your Own Words 70 5. Analyze the Selection to Come to an Understanding of It 71 6. Complete the “Language in Action” Activity to Discover the Far-Reaching Connections between the Selection and Language in the Real World 79 Practice Reading, Annotating, and Analyzing 83 What’s in a Name? Henry Louis Gates Jr. 83 Reading as a Writer 91 Chapter 2: Writing in College and Beyond 95 Developing an Effective Writing Process 97 1. Understand Your Assignment 97 2. Find a Subject and Topic 99 3. Gather Ideas 106 4. Formulate a Thesis 111 5. Support Your Thesis with Evidence 113 6. Determine Your Organization 116 7. Write Your First Draft 118 8. Revise 119 9. Edit and Proofread 122 10. Sample Student Essay Using Writing Process 123 The “Negro Revolt” in Me, Rebekah Sandlin (student essay) 124 Chapter 3: Writers on Reading and Writing 129 Reading to Write, Stephen King 132 Shitty First Drafts, Anne Lamott 144 The First Sentence, Iman Humaydan 154 The Maker’s Eye: Revising Your Own Manuscripts, Donald M. Murray 167 How to Mark a Book, Mortimer Adler 181 Chapter 4: Writing with Sources 193 What Does It Mean to Write with Sources? 195 Write with Sources 197 Learn to Summarize, Paraphrase, and Quote from Your Sources 200 Summary 200 Paraphrase 202 Direct Quotation 203 Integrate Borrowed Material into Your Text 205 Avoid Plagiarism 210 A Sample Student Essay Using Library and Internet Sources 216 The “Official English” Movement: Can America Proscribe Language with a Clear Conscience? Jake Jamieson (student essay) 217 Chapter 5: A Brief Guide to Writing a Research Paper 223 Establish a Realistic Schedule 226 Locate and Use Print and Online Sources 228 Conduct Keyword Searches 230 Evaluate Your Sources 233 Analyze Your Sources for Position and Bias 236 Develop a Working Bibliography of Your Sources 238 Take Notes 241 Document Your Sources 243 MLA In-Text Citations 245 MLA List of Works Cited 248 Periodical Print Publications: Journals, Magazines, and Newspapers 250 Nonperiodical Print Publications: Books, Brochures, and Pamphlets 253 Online Publications 256 Periodical Articles Published or Accessed Online 257 Periodical Publications Accessed In Online Databases 258 Other Web Publications 260 MLA Manuscript Format 264 Paper and Type 264 Title, Name, and Course Information 264 Margins, Line Spacing, and Paragraph Indentation 264 Page Numbers 265 Long Quotations 265 Spacing for Punctuation 266 URLs 266 Works Cited Page 266 APA-Style Documentation 268 APA In-Text Citations 269 APA List of References 271 Periodicals 274 Other Sources 276 APA Manuscript Format 281 Paper and Type 281 Title Page 281 Margins, Line Spacing, and Paragraph Indentation 281 Page Numbers 282 Spacing for Punctuation 282 Web Addresses 282 References Page 283 Part 2 284 Chapter 6: Understanding the Power of Language: How We Find Our Voices 286 Coming into Language, Jimmy Santiago Baca 290 The Day Language Came into My Life, Helen Keller 306 The Transformation of Silence into Language and Action, Audre Lorde 315 Stupid Rich Bastards, Laurel Johnson Black 327 On and On: Appalachian Language and Academic Power, Meredith McCarroll 350 Address at the Youth Takeover of the United Nations, Malala Yousafzai 360 Chapter 7: Language Communities: Where Do We Belong? 372 Speech Communities, Paul Roberts 375 All-American Dialects, Richard Lederer 395 Sign of the Times, Sara Nović 412 Two Ways to Belong in America, Bharati Mukherjee 428 The Strange Persistence of First Languages, Julie Sedivy 439 Land of the Giants, Alex Tizon 457 Mother Tongue, Amy Tan 471 Chapter 8: Language Evolution: How and Why Does Language Change? 485 Words on the Move, John Mcwhorter 489 How New Words Are Born, Andy Bodle 502 What Does “Latinx” Mean? A Look at the Term That’s Challenging Gender Norms, Yesenia Padilla 513 Textspeak Is Modernizing the Egnlish Language (*English), Lauren Collister 522 Smile, You’re Speaking Emoji, Adam Sternbergh 533 The (Sometimes Unintentional) Subtext of Digital Conversations, Deborah Tannen 546 Chapter 9: Language that Manipulates: Politics, Advertising, and Doublespeak 559 Propaganda: How Not to Be Bamboozled, Donna Woolfolk Cross 563 Selection, Slanting, and Charged Language, Newman P. Birk and Genevieve B. Birk 584 The Case of the Missing Perpetrator, Rebecca Solnit 605 Fighting Words, Judith Matloff 621 Fake News Starts with the Title, Benjamin Horne 634 Weasel Words: The Art of Saying Nothing at All, William Lutz 646 The Ways of Silencing, Jason Stanley 668 Chapter 10: The Language of Discrimination: Hate, Prejudice, and Stereotypes 677 What’s So Bad about Hate? Andrew Sullivan 680 The Language of Prejudice, Gordon Allport 712 The “F Word”, Firoozeh Dumas 733 The Racist Trope That Won’t Die, Brent Staples 745 The Fight Over the Words of Immigration, Jeff Gammage 753 Nobody Mean More to Me Than You, June Jordan 762 Chapter 11: Language and Gender: Power, Abuse, Equality 772 We’re All Mad Here: Weinstein, Women, and the Language of Lunacy, Laurie Penny 775 The Careless Language of Sexual Violence, Roxane Gay 794 Happy Feminist, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie 808 The Social Harms of “Bitch”, Sherryl Kleinman, Matthew B. Ezzell, and A. Corey Frost 819 “Bros Before Hos”: The Guy Code, Michael Kimmel 828 How to Refer to My Husband-Wife, Michelle Tea 843 Chapter 12: The Language of Lying: Ethics, White Lies, and Fraud 853 The Truth About Lying, Judith Viorst 856 Lying Words, James Pennebaker 869 Learning to Lie, Po Bronson 885 Is Lying Bad for Us? Richard Gunderman 908 Psychology of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things, Chana Joffe-Walt and Alix Spiegel 918 Everybody Lies, Seth Stephens-Davidowitz 940 Chapter 13: The Language of Conflict Resolution: Dignity, Apology, De-Escalation 953 Resolve Current and Future Conflicts With Dignity, Donna Hicks 959 Language and Conflict, Karol Janicki 976 Sorry, Regrets, and More, Edwin L. Battistella 987 Further Adventures of Flex Cop, Michael Gardner 1009 Stalling for Time, Gary Noesner 1026 Letting Go, Amy Westervelt 1035 Chapter 14: Arguing About Language: Two Contemporary Debates 1054 The Campus Free Speech Controversy 1056 The Coddling of the American Mind, Greg Lukianoff and Jonathan Haidt 1059 Safe Spaces, Brave Spaces, John Palfrey 1087 What Campuses Can and Can’t Do, Erwin Chemerinsky and Howard Gillman 1101 The Great Gender-Neutral Pronoun Debate 1113 We Need the Singular They, Stephanie Golden 1115 The Transgender Language War, Abigail Shrier 1124 Are Gender-Neutral Pronouns Actually Doomed? Christen Mccurdy 1131 Notes 1142 Glossary of Rhetorical and Linguistic Terms 1158 Acknowledgements 1174 Index of Authors and Titles 1192 Inside Back Cover 1210 Back Cover 1213 Reader