Landmarks in Modern American Business 1897-1942 (Magill's Choice)

Publisher’s Note......Page 6 Contributors......Page 8 Contents: Volume 1 (1897–1942)......Page 10 1 The Wall Street Journal Prints The Dow Jones Industrial Av E R Ag E......Page 30 2 Discovery Of Oil At Spindletop Transforms The Oil Industry......Page 36 3 Champion V. Ames Upholds Federal Powers To Regulate Commerce......Page 42 4 The U.s. Government Creates The Department Of Commerce And Labor......Page 49 5 The Supreme Court Strikes Down A Maximum Hours Law......Page 55 6 Congress Passes The Pure Food And Drug Act......Page 62 7 Harvard University Founds A Business School......Page 69 8 Congress Updates Copyright Law In 1909......Page 76 9 The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Prompts Labor Reforms......Page 83 10 The Supreme Court Decides To Break Up Standard Oil......Page 89 11 Advertisers Adopt A Truth In Advertising Code......Page 96 12 Ford Implements Assembly Line Production......Page 102 13 The Federal Reserve Act Creates A U.s. Central Bank......Page 110 14 The Panama Canal Opens......Page 117 15 The Federal Trade Commission Is Organized......Page 123 16 Congress Passes The Clayton Antitrust Act......Page 130 17 Labor Unions Win Exemption From Antitrust Laws......Page 139 18 The United States Establishes A Permanent Tariff Commission......Page 146 19 Station Kdka Introduces Commercial Radio Broadcasting......Page 152 20 The A. C. Nielsen Company Pioneers In Marketing And Media Research......Page 158 21 The Supreme Court Rules Against Minimum Wag E L Aw S......Page 164 22 Ibm Changes Its Name And Product Line......Page 171 23 Congress Restricts Immigration With 1924 Legislation......Page 178 24 The Teapot Dome Scandal Prompts Reforms In The Oil Industry......Page 185 25 The Railway Labor Act Provides For Mediation Of Labor Disputes......Page 193 26 Congress Passes The Agricultural Marketing Act......Page 201 27 The U.s. Stock Market Crashes On Black Tuesday......Page 208 28 The Norris-laguardia Act Adds Strength To Labor Organizations......Page 215 29 The U.s. Government Creates The Tennessee Valley Authority......Page 222 30 The Banking Act Of 1933 Reorganizes The American Banking System......Page 230 31 The National Industrial Recovery Act Is Passed......Page 238 32 The Securities Exchange Act Establishes The Sec......Page 246 33 Congress Establishes The Federal Communications Commission......Page 253 34 Congress Passes The Federal Credit Union Act......Page 260 35 The Wagner Act Promotes Union Organization......Page 267 36 The Social Security Act Provides Benefits For Workers......Page 274 37 The Banking Act Of 1935 Centralizes U.s. Monetary Control......Page 281 38 The Cio Begins Unionizing Unskilled Workers......Page 288 39 The Dc-3 Opens A New Era Of Commercial Air Travel......Page 295 40 Roosevelt Signs The Fair Labor Standards Act......Page 302 41 The 1939 World’s Fair Introduces Regular U.s. Television Service......Page 309 42 Roosevelt Signs The Emergency Price Control Act......Page 316 43 The United States Begins The Bracero Program......Page 324 Contents: Volume 2 (1944–1974)......Page 18 44 Roosevelt Signs The G.i. Bill......Page 330 45 Truman Orders The Seizure Of Railways......Page 338 46 The Truman Administration Launches The Marshall Plan......Page 344 47 The Taft-hartley Act Passes Over Truman’s Veto......Page 351 48 The General Agreement On Tariffs And Trade Is Signed......Page 358 49 Diners Club Begins A New Industry......Page 364 50 The First Homeowner’s Insurance Policies Are Offered......Page 370 51 The Celler-kefauver Act Amends Antitrust Legislation......Page 377 52 Congress Creates The Small Business Administration......Page 383 53 Eisenhower Begins The Food For Peace Program......Page 390 54 The Afl And Cio Merge......Page 397 55 Congress Sets Standards For Chemical Additives In Food......Page 404 56 The Landrum-griffin Act Targets Union Corruption......Page 411 57 Firms Begin Replacing Skilled Laborers With Automatic Tools......Page 418 58 The U.s. Service Economy Emerges......Page 424 59 The Agency For International Development Is Established......Page 430 60 Congress Passes The Equal Pay Act......Page 437 61 Gpu Announces Plans For A Commercial Nuclear Reactor......Page 444 62 Hoffa Negotiates A National Trucking Agreement......Page 452 63 The Kennedy-johnson Tax Cuts Stimulate The U.s. Economy......Page 458 64 The Civil Rights Act Prohibits Discrimination In Employment......Page 465 65 American And Mexican Companies Form Maquiladoras......Page 472 66 Johnson Signs The Medicare And Medicaid Amendments......Page 480 67 Congress Limits The Use Of Billboards......Page 488 68 Congress Passes The Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act......Page 494 69 Nader’s Unsafe At Any Speed Launches A Consumer Movement......Page 500 70 Atlantic Richfield Discovers Oil At Prudhoe Bay, Alaska......Page 507 71 Congress Passes The Consumer Credit Protection Act......Page 513 72 The United States Bans Cyclamates From Consumer Markets......Page 520 73 The Banning Of Ddt Signals New Environmental Awareness......Page 526 74 Health Consciousness Creates Huge New Markets......Page 532 75 The U.s. Government Reforms Child Product Safety Laws......Page 538 76 Amtrak Takes Over Most U.s. Intercity Train Traffic......Page 545 77 The U.s. Government Bans Cigarette Ads On Broadcast Media......Page 552 78 Congress Passes The Rico Act......Page 560 79 Congress Passes The Fair Credit Reporting Act......Page 566 80 The Environmental Protection Agency Is Created......Page 573 81 Nixon Signs The Occupational Safety And Health Act......Page 580 82 The United States Suffers Its First Trade Deficit Since 1888......Page 587 83 The Supreme Court Orders The End Of Discrimination In Hiring......Page 594 84 An Independent Agency Takes Over U.s. Postal Service......Page 602 85 Nixon Signs The Consumer Product Safety Act......Page 610 86 The United States Plans To Cut Dependence On Foreign Oil......Page 617 Contents: Volume 3 (1974–2000)......Page 26 87 The Employee Retirement Income Security Act Of 1974 Is Passed......Page 624 88 Congress Prohibits Discrimination In The Granting Of Credit......Page 631 89 Jobs And Wozniak Found Apple Computer......Page 638 90 Murdoch Extends His Media Empire To The United States......Page 644 91 At&t And Gte Install Fiber-optic Telephone Systems......Page 650 92 The Alaskan Oil Pipeline Opens......Page 657 93 Carter Signs The Airline Deregulation Act......Page 663 94 The Pregnancy Discrimination Act Extends Employment Rights......Page 670 95 The Three Mile Island Accident Prompts Reforms In Nuclear Power......Page 676 96 The Supreme Court Rules On Affirmative Action Programs......Page 684 97 American Firms Adopt Japanese Manufacturing Techniques......Page 691 98 Cad/cam Revolutionizes Engineering And Manufacturing......Page 698 99 Defense Cutbacks Devastate The U.s. Aerospace Industry......Page 705 100 Electronic Technology Creates The Possibility Of Telecommuting......Page 712 101 Congress Deregulates Banks And Savings And Loans......Page 720 102 The Cable News Network Debuts......Page 727 103 Reagan Promotes Supply-side Economics......Page 734 104 Federal Regulators Authorize Adjustable-rate Mortgages......Page 741 105 Air Traffic Controllers Of Patco Declare A Strike......Page 748 106 Ibm Introduces Its Personal Computer......Page 755 107 At&t Agrees To Be Broken Up As Part Of An Antitrust Settlement......Page 763 108 Compact Discs Reach The Market......Page 769 109 Firefighters V. Stotts Upholds Seniority Systems......Page 776 110 Home Shopping Service Is Offered On Cable Television......Page 783 111 The Supreme Court Upholds Quotas As A Remedy For Discrimination......Page 790 112 Insider Trading Scandals Mar The Emerging Junk Bond Market......Page 797 113 The Immigration Reform And Control Act Is Signed Into Law......Page 805 114 The U.s. Stock Market Crashes On 1987’s “black Monday”......Page 812 115 Drexel And Michael Milken Are Charged With Insider Trading......Page 818 116 Mexico Renegotiates Debt To U.s. Banks......Page 825 117 Bush Responds To The Savings And Loan Crisis......Page 831 118 Sony Purchases Columbia Pictures......Page 838 119 Bush Signs The Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990......Page 845 120 Bush Signs The Clean Air Act Of 1990......Page 853 121 The North American Free Trade Agreement Goes Into Effect......Page 860 122 Cable Television Rises To Challenge Network Television......Page 866 123 Time Magazine Makes An E-commerce Pioneer Its Person Of The Year......Page 873 124 Dow Jones Adds Microsoft And Intel......Page 879 125 Awarding Of An Nfl Franchise To Houston Raises The Ante In Professional Sports......Page 885 126 The Y2k Crisis Finally Arrives......Page 891 Chronological List of Events......Page 900 Alphabetical List of Events......Page 903 Subject Index......Page 916 Annotation. This three-volume set draws on Salem Press's Great Events from History books and defines business broadly to include any activity concerned with the production of goods or with the rendering of financial or other service. It focuses on key developments in the evolution of American business and commerce, from the creation of the Dow Jones Industrial Average at the very end of the 19th century to the much anticipated Y2K crisis and the court-ordered breakup of Microsoft in late 2000. Entries contain approximately 2,300 words and are arranged chronologically by event. Each one starts with material covering the category of the event, where and when it occurred, a summary of its significance, and descriptions of key players. Next, the main text describes the event itself, the circumstances leading up to it, and its influence on such issues as the evolution of business practices, the growth of an industry, or national politics in both the short and long runs. Volume 3 contains the indexes. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR Derived from Salem's five-volume "Great events from history II : business and commerce" (1994), with six new articles. Each entry describes a major event in business and commerce beginning in 1897 when the Dow Jones index first appeared, summarizing the event and its impact, and including an annotated bibliography and cross references to related articles