Labour Migration, Human Trafficking and Multinational Corporations: The Commodification of Illicit Flows (Routledge Transnational Crime and Corruption)

Although Much Literature On Human Trafficking Focuses On Sex Trafficking, A Great Deal Of Human Trafficking Results From Migrant Workers, Compelled - By Economic Deprivation In Their Home Countries - To Seek Better Life Opportunities Abroad, Especially In Agriculture, Construction And Domestic Work. Such Labour Migration Is Sometimes Legal And Well Managed, But Sometimes Not So – With Migrant Workers Frequently Threatened Or Coerced Into Entering Debt Bondage Arrangements And Ending Up Working In Forced Labour Situations Producing Goods For Illicit Markets. This Book Fills A Substantial Gap In The Existing Literature Given That Labour Trafficking Is A Much More Subtle Form Of Exploitation Than Sex Trafficking. It Discusses How Far Large Multinational Corporations Are Involved, Whether Intentionally Or Unintentionally, In Human Trafficking For The Purposes Of Labour Exploitation. They Explore How Far Corporations Are Driven To Seek Cheap Labour By The Need To Remain Commercially Competitive And Examine How The Problem Often Lies With Corporations’ Subcontractors, Who Are Not As Well Controlled As They Might Be. The Essays In The Volume Also Outline And Assess Measures Being Taken By Governments And International Agencies To Eradicate The Problem. Cover 1 Labour Migration, Human Trafficking and Multinational Corporations The commodification of illicit flows 4 Copyright 5 Contents 6 List of contributors 8 Introduction 10 1. Corporate liability for violations of international human rights law 18 2. Trafficking for labour exploitation: getting the responses right 29 3. The commodification of human smuggling and trafficking 47 4. Child labour migrants or victims of labour trafficking?: a segmental approach 65 5. Displacing childhood: labour exploitation and child trafficking in sport 80 6. Labor migration, human trafficking and multinational corporations within the ECOWAS region: challenges and opportunities 100 7. Adults or children?: the case of trafficking children for purposes of exploitative labour in the fishing industry in Ghana 116 8. Doing Canada’s dirty work: a critical analysis of law and policy to address labour exploitation trafficking 130 9. Minimum wage: an ally in the fight against human trafficking for labour exploitation? 147 10. Responding to labour trafficking: suggestions from experiences of local service providers 161 11. The programmatic approach to combating trafficking in human beings 168 Index 184 The Commodification of Illicit Flows Although much literature on human trafficking focuses on sex trafficking, a great deal of human trafficking results from migrant workers, compelled - by economic deprivation in their home countries - to seek better life opportunities abroad, especially in agriculture, construction and domestic work. Such labour migration is sometimes legal and well managed, but sometimes not so with migrant workers frequently threatened or coerced into entering debt bondage arrangements, and ending up working in forced labour situations, producing goods for illicit markets. This book fills a substantial gap in the literature given labour trafficking is a much more subtle forms of exploitation than sex trafficking. It discusses how far large multinational corporations are involved, intentionally and unintentionally, in such exploitative labour practices. It explores how far corporations are driven to seek cheap labour by the need to remain commercially competitive, examines how the problem often lies with corporations subcontractors, who are not as well controlled as they might be, and outlines and assesses measures being taken by governments and international agencies to eradicate the problem