Knowledge, skill and artificial intelligence : [proceedings of a conference on the topic of knowledge, skill, and new technology, held in London in March 1987

Issues raised by the Theory of Knowledge, a central theme in the development of Artificial Intelligence, are the main topic of this book. The major questions are: How is the expert's knowledge to be elicited, what are the limits and possibilities? How can skill be developed and maintained in a more and more computerized and abstract working life? This last question is also closely related to the discussion on programs for education and training in society and working life. Long term effects on skill formation in working life in relation to new technology are a very important area of research. Case studies form the basis for philosophical reflections with the main concept of tacit knowledge as the central issue of skill and new technology. To a great extent the discussion is based on current case studies of professional groups with experience in advanced computer technology. The contributions of this book demonstrate the complicated nature of human knowledge. They introduce different theoretical perspectives on the issue of knowledge acquisition and elicitation. Front Matter....Pages I-XX Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Introduction....Pages 3-5 Front Matter....Pages 7-7 The Practice of the Use of Computers. A Paradoxical Encounter between Different Traditions of Knowledge....Pages 9-18 The Nurse as Engineer — the Theory of Knowledge in Research in the Care Sector....Pages 19-30 Automation — Skill — Apprenticeship....Pages 31-38 Computerization and Skill in Local Weather Forecasting....Pages 39-52 Tacit Knowledge, Working Life and Scientific Method....Pages 53-63 Front Matter....Pages 65-65 Can Skills be Transferable?....Pages 67-75 Artificial Intelligence and Social Action: Education and Training....Pages 77-91 Skill, Education and Social Value: Some Thoughts on the Metonymy of Skill and Skill Transfer....Pages 93-101 Knowledge Acquisition for Expert Systems....Pages 103-111 Knowledge-Based Computer Decision-Aids for General Practice....Pages 113-124 Front Matter....Pages 125-125 Creativity, Skill and Human-Centred Systems....Pages 127-137 Professional Knowledge and the Limits of Automation in Administrations....Pages 139-149 The Changing Nature of the Engineering Craft Apprenticeship System in the United Kingdom....Pages 151-158 Delegation and Decentralization — Computer Systems as Tools for Instruction and Improved Service to Clients....Pages 159-168 Applying Expert Systems Technology: Division of Labour and Division of Knowledge....Pages 169-183 Back Matter....Pages 185-193 Bo Göranzon And Ingela Josefson, Eds. Proceedings Of A Conference On The Topic Of Knowledge, Skill, And New Technology, Held In London In March 1987. Includes Bibliographies And Index.