KGB Operations against the USA and Canada in Soviet Ukraine, 1953-1991; 1

Oriented for a general reading audience, this book gives a unique and rare perspective on the KGB "special operations" in Soviet Ukraine, which targeted especially the USA and Canada, using issues related to Soviet Ukrainian identity and cultural diplomacy of Soviet Ukraine after Stalin’s death in 1953 until the perestroika of the 1980s. Concentrating on the period of the Cold War after Stalin and combining the counterintelligence documents from the KGB archive in Kyiv, Ukraine, with the official KGB correspondence and reports to the political leadership of Soviet Ukraine, this book offers an experimental view of the political and cultural history of relations between Soviet Ukraine and "capitalist America" through the prism of KGB operations against the US and Canada. Written from a "hidden" perspective of KGB operations from 1953 to the end of the 1980s, this book covers intelligence and counter-intelligence operations and the active measures of the KGB, but also various problems of anti-American cultural campaigns in Soviet Ukraine, sponsored by the KGB, involving the issues of cultural consumption, knowledge production, youth culture and national identity. Using carefully researched archive materials, this is an invaluable resource for scholars and advanced students of KGB operations, the Cold War, counterintelligence and political and cultural history of the relations between Soviet Ukraine and the United States and Canada, and a role of cultural consumption in this history. "Few themes in the Cold War history received more attention but are less understood than the intelligence and counterintelligence operations of the KGB. The reason for that is simple—till recently very few if any documents on the subject were available to the scholars. In this pioneering study, Sergei Zhuk takes full advantage of the recently opened KGB archives in Ukraine to examine the "active measures" and other operations of the Soviet clandestine service against the United States and Canada. It is a major contribution to the field, which fills an important gap in our knowledge about the Cold War and the ways in which it is related to today."- Serhii Plokhy, Harvard University and author of "The Man with the Poison Gun: A Cold War Spy Story", "Zhuk’s timely book uses rigorous archival research to analyze KGB activities, avoiding the sensationalism and speculation usually associated with study of these topics. Beyond being fascinating reading, the book uses KGB operations in Ukraine as a fascinating lens for examining Soviet interactions with American society and with Ukrainian national identity." - Benjamin Tromly, University of Puget Sound "This is a highly original, eminently readable, and chillingly enlightening book on KGB operations. It illuminates the creative, clandestine, and devious measures the Soviet secret police used to enhance Soviet influence. All the same, the KGB lost ultimately to the seductive power of American culture. Highly recommended" - Hiroaki Kuromiya, Indiana University "The leading historian of postwar Ukrainian society and culture, Sergei Zhuk has revolutionized our understanding of life in Soviet Ukraine during Cold War. His new book, which focuses on the machinations of the Ukrainian KGB both inside and outside Ukraine, is both fascinating and provocative. As always, his research—this time in KGB archives, supplemented by interviews with KGB officers—is original and impeccable. Highly recommended to all students of the Cold War." - Denise J. Youngblood, University of Vermont, co-author of Cinematic Cold War: The American and Soviet Struggle for Hearts and Minds "Sergei Zhuk’s meticulously researched study accurately reconstructs the KGB’s covert operations during the post-Stalin era in Soviet Ukraine and beyond, which were designed to solidify and protect Soviet society from Western political and cultural influences. His work with previously unavailable KGB documents has produced an insightful analysis of the intelligence and counterintelligence aspects of Soviet history, a significant contribution to scholarship that enhances our understanding of the dynamics of the Cold War and the continuity of the KGB traditions." - Olga Bertelsen, Tiffin University KGB Operations against the USA and Canada in Soviet Ukraine, 1953-1991 Cover -1 Half Title 2 Series Page 3 Title Page 4 Copyright Page 5 Contents 6 Introduction: Rise and Fall of the KGB in Soviet Ukraine after Stalin 8 The KGB vs. the "Main Adversary" 9 KGB Operations and Active Measures 10 Discovery of the "Capitalist Seductive" America through KGB Operations in Soviet Ukraine 13 Historiography, Sources and Structure of the Book 14 Notes 19 Acknowledgments 22 Part I: Creating the Models for the Special KGB Operations against the USA and Canada after WWII 24 1. Legacy of the World War II: Ukrainian Nationalists in Diaspora and the Spy Schools in West Germany 26 The First Target of the KGB - The Ukrainian Nationalism 26 KGB Operations against US "Spy Schools" 29 Notes 43 2. The Legacy of the Early Cold War: Re-immigrants, the KGB Double Agents and "Zionist Jews" 47 The "Displaced Persons" and KGB Double Agents 47 The KGB Operations against Soviet Jews and Anti-Semitism 62 Notes 69 3. Communists and the Political Left in Capitalist America: A Case of Peter Krawchuk and John Kolasky 73 Peter Krawchuk - "The Best Canadian Friend of Soviet Ukraine" 73 Russification of Soviet Ukraine, John Kolasky and the KGB 79 Peter Krawchuk as a Link between the "Seductive" America and the "Corrupt Soviet System," and the Problems of Soviet Material Support 89 Notes 93 4. Arnold Shlepakov, Ukrainian Diaspora in America and Academic Exchanges 100 Arnold Shlepakov as a KGB Connection to the American/Canadian Left 100 Soviet Cultural Diplomacy, Ukrainian Studies and Ukrainian Diaspora in America 107 Notes 112 Part II: The KGB vs. Politicians and Tourists from "Capitalist America" 118 5. "Shpionomania," or the American Spies Hysteria in Soviet Ukraine 120 The KGB Active Measures against US Diplomats 120 The "Spy Mania" and the Public Trials of "American Spies" in Soviet Ukraine 127 The KGB's Preparations for the Counter-Intelligence Measures against American Spies 142 Notes 148 6. The US Exhibitions and Technological/Industrial Espionage 153 The KGB Operations against American Exhibitions in Soviet Ukraine 153 Industrial and Technological Espionage Home and Abroad 172 Notes 178 7. "Using the American Officials": From the KGB-CIA Collaboration to the Meddling in the US Politics 182 Failed Collaboration in 1960 and 1972 182 "Influencing American Politicians" and Meddling in American Politics, Education and Religious Affairs 194 The KGB Operations against US Consulate and US Diplomats in Kyiv 202 Notes 210 Part III: The KGB of Soviet Ukraine in the Cultural Cold War against Capitalist America 216 8. KGB Special Operations, Cultural Consumption and the Youth Culture in Soviet Ukraine 218 The Prague Spring, College Students and Soviet Hippies 220 The KGB Anti-fascist Campaign 233 Soviet Notions about Mafia 236 The KGB Campaign against the Punks 238 Notes 244 9. "American Influences" in Forbidden Literature, Non-traditional Religions, Music, Video and Sex 250 Non-traditional Religions from America 250 Forbidden Literature and Films from America and Forbidden Sex in Ukraine 256 Taras Shevchenko, Americanization and Ukrainization of Cultural Consumption (Instead of Conclusion) 260 Notes 262 Epilogue: "Learning from the Main Adversary" and Returning to the Soviet Anti-American and Anti-Fascist Scenario 264 Notes 268 Selected Bibliography 270 The Most Important Interviews 270 Archival Sources 270 Newspapers and Journals 271 Secondary Sources 271 Index 276 "Oriented for a general reading audience, this book gives a unique and rare perspective on the KGB "special operations," in Soviet Ukraine, which targeted especially the USA and Canada, using the issues related to Soviet Ukrainian identity and cultural diplomacy of Soviet Ukraine after Stalin's death in 1953 until the perestroika of the 1980s. Concentrating on the period of the Cold War after Stalin and combining the counterintelligence documents from of the KGB archive in Kyiv, Ukraine, with the official KGB correspondence and reports to the political leadership of Soviet Ukraine, this book offers the experimental view of political and cultural history of the relations between Soviet Ukraine and "capitalist America" through a prism of the KGB operations against the US and Canada. Written from a "hidden" perspective of the KGB operations from 1953 to the end of the 1980s, this book covers intelligence and counter-intelligence operations and the active measures of the KGB, but also various problems of anti-American cultural campaigns in Soviet Ukraine, sponsored by the KGB, involving the issues of cultural consumption, knowledge production, youth culture and national identity. Using carefully researched archive materials, this is an invaluable resource for scholars and advanced students of the KGB Operations, the Cold War, counterintelligence, and political and cultural history"-- Provided by publisher