Ketogenic : the science of therapeutic carbohydrate restriction in human health

Ketogenic: The Science of Therapeutic Carbohydrate Restriction in Human Health presents the most up-to-date and evidence-based science and research available in the field of TCR, with the purpose of training medical and allied healthcare professionals on the effective therapeutic use of low-carbohydrate and ketogenic nutrition in clinical practice. This book explores the appropriate, safe, and effective use of TCR to improve patient outcomes in a broad range of chronic metabolic conditions and aims to promote health. Focused on lifestyle management, health support and the treatment of diseases rooted in poor nutrition, this book explores the role of food and lifestyle modification as medicine and is a valuable resource for nutritionists, dietitians and medical professionals who provide diet-related counselling, as well as those researching or studying related areas. Presents new best-practice guidelines for using TCR to treat, improve or reverse nutrition-related metabolic conditions and diseases that were previously thought to have a chronic, irreversible progression Provides an overview of the most recent evidence outlining the biochemistry and physiology pertaining to human nutrition and health Offers evolutionary and historical context to human nutrition Contains clinical practice guidelines for the implementation of TCR from medical practitioners who prescribe TCR in their practices, allowing readers to understand real-life concerns in the field Features case studies that provide practical examples of how to assess, monitor and intervene with patients that practitioners encounter in their practices Explains the physiology and biochemistry of the normal and pathophysiological state for each condition and links these to the application of TCR Cover image Title page Table of Contents Copyright List of contributors Preface Introduction Part 1: Nutritional fundamentals Chapter 1. Understanding human diet, disease, and insulin resistance: scientific and evolutionary perspectives Abstract 1.1 Understanding human diet and disease – the scientific and evolutionary evidence 1.2 Insulin resistance: a unifying feature of chronic disease 1.3 The adoption and evolution of dietary guidelines References Chapter 2. Nutritional aspects Abstract 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Therapeutic carbohydrate restricted dietary intervention 2.3 Physiological ketosis of the Fed State: biochemical and nutritional aspects 2.4 Implications for nutrient needs 2.5 Plant versus animal nutrition 2.6 Conclusion References Further reading Part 2: Medical nutritional therapy Chapter 3. Endocrine Abstract 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Liver 3.3 Metabolic syndrome 3.4 Type 2 diabetes 3.5 Adapting medication for type 2 diabetes in the context of therapeutic carbohydrate restriction 3.6 Type 1 diabetes 3.7 Polycystic ovarian syndrome and infertility 3.8 Body weight 3.9 Thyroid health and insulin resistance 3.10 Adrenals and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis References Chapter 4. Cardiovascular disease and its association with insulin resistance and cholesterol Abstract 4.1 Anatomy and normal physiology of the cardiovascular system 4.2 Cardiovascular pathophysiology 4.3 Cholesterol 4.4 Lipoproteins 4.5 Carbohydrate restricted diets and specific cardiac disorders 4.6 Conclusion References Chapter 5. Neurology Abstract 5.1 A ketogenic diet addresses the pathophysiology underlying diverse neurological disorders 5.2 Neurophysiology and energy metabolism 5.3 Cerebrovascular disease and stroke 5.4 Epilepsy 5.5 Alzheimer’s disease 5.6 The ketogenic diet in mood disorders 5.7 Multiple sclerosis and nutrition 5.8 Parkinson’s disease 5.9 Neurodevelopment and autism spectrum disorder 5.10 Migraine 5.11 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 5.12 Traumatic brain injury Useful websites References Chapter 6. Cancer Abstract 6.1 Cancer as a modern disease 6.2 Cancer as a mitochondrial metabolic disease 6.3 Cancer management using press-pulse ketogenic metabolic therapy 6.4 Implementation of modifiable ketogenic diets in cancer 6.5 Fasting and chemotherapy References Further Reading Chapter 7. Musculoskeletal and immunological considerations Abstract 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Musculoskeletal conditions 7.3 Gout 7.4 Ageing and therapeutic carbohydrate restriction 7.5 Autoimmunity 7.6 Perspective: autoimmunity in the context of plant and animal nutrition References Further reading Chapter 8. Gastrointestinal health and therapeutic carbohydrate restriction Abstract 8.1 Introduction 8.2 The human digestive system in health and disease 8.3 Diet and gastrointestinal disorders 8.4 The Microbiome and Therapeutic Carbohydrate Restriction References Part 3: Therapeutic carbohydrate restriction for health and fitness Chapter 9. Exercise and sports performance Abstract 9.1 Introduction 9.2 The science of low carbohydrate and ketogenic diets for exercise and sports performance 9.3 Practical application of low-carbohydrate high fat diet and ketogenic diets in athletes 9.4 Evidence that the oxidation of liver- (or gut-) derived glucose, but not muscle glycogen, is obligatory for sustained exercise performance in humans 9.5 Nutritional supplementation for athletic performance 9.6 Case study References Chapter 10. Therapeutic fasting Abstract 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Physiology 10.3 Therapeutic fasting 10.4 Conclusion References Further reading Part 4: Managing the patient Chapter 11. Psychological, behavioural, and ethical considerations Abstract 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Behaviour change 11.3 Eating control 11.4 Legal and ethical aspects to therapeutic carbohydrate restriction References Further reading Acronyms Index