Kant on Causation: On the Fivefold Routes to the Principle of Causation (SUNY Series in Philosophy)

Kant Famously Confessed That Hume's Treatment Of Cause And Effect Woke Him From His Dogmatic Slumber. According To Hume, The Concept Of Cause Does Not Arise Through Reason, But Through Force Of Habit. Kant Believes This Can Be Avoided Through The Development Of A Revolutionary New Cognitive Framework As Presented In The Critique Of Pure Reason. Focusing On The Second Analogy And Other Important Texts From The First Critique, As Well As Texts From The Critique Of Judgment, The Author Discusses The Nature Of Kant's Causal Principle, The Nature Of His Proof For This Principle, And The Status Of His Intended Proof. Bayne Argues That The Key To Understanding Kant's Proof Is His Discussion Of Objects Of Representations, And That It Is His Investigation Into The Requirements For An Event's Being An Object Of Representations That Enables Him To Develop His Proof Of The Causal Principle.--jacket. Relationships -- The Causal Principle -- The Fivefold Routes To The Principle Of Causation -- The Irreversibility Argument -- Objects Of Representations -- Hume Revisited. Steven M. Bayne. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 167-172) And Index. Kant on Causation......Page 4 CONTENTS......Page 6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 10 Introduction......Page 12 1. Relationships......Page 18 CONCEPTS AND INTUITIONS......Page 19 Kant’s introduction to the problem of the Schematism and his introductory solution......Page 20 Leibniz......Page 21 Hume......Page 22 Leibniz, Hume, Kant, and applicability......Page 24 The importance of the Schematism......Page 26 A problem with Kant’s account of the Schematism......Page 27 THE TRANSCENDENTAL DEDUCTION AND THE PRINCIPLES......Page 30 PRINCIPLES OF UNDERSTANDING AND PRINCIPLES OF REASON......Page 33 ANALOGIES OF EXPERIENCE......Page 39 KANT AND HUME......Page 43 Hume’s Doubt......Page 45 Hume’s reasons for doubting the possibility of demonstration......Page 47 Transcendental proof and Kant’s proof of the causal principle......Page 49 THE PRINCIPLE OF THE SECOND ANALOGY......Page 52 The Same-Cause-Same-Effect thesis......Page 56 The Every-Event-Some-Cause thesis......Page 60 POSSIBLE ARGUMENT STRATEGIES......Page 62 EVALUATION OF ARGUMENT STRATEGIES......Page 68 The Veridical Strategy......Page 69 The Event/Object Strategy......Page 72 The Event/Event Strategy......Page 75 The Justification Strategy......Page 84 4. The Irreversibility Argument......Page 92 LOVEJOY’S POSITION......Page 93 STRAWSON’S POSITION......Page 98 BENNETT’S POSITION......Page 104 MELNICK’S POSITION......Page 106 GUYER’S POSITION......Page 109 THE HOUSE, THE SHIP, AND IRREVERSIBILITY......Page 114 5. Objects of Representations......Page 120 THE PRINCIPLE OF THE SECOND ANALOGY......Page 121 SUBJECT TO A RULE......Page 124 OBJECTS OF REPRESENTATIONS AND BEING SUBJECT TO A RULE......Page 125 IRREVERSIBILITY REVISITED: ARE SUCCESSIONS OF APPEARANCES SUBJECT TO A RULE?......Page 129 AN EXAMPLE FOR THE OFFICIAL DEFINITION......Page 133 SUCCESSIONS OF APPEARANCES MUST BE SUBJECT TO A RULE......Page 135 The requirements for a succession of appearances’ being subject to a rule......Page 137 Are my requirements too strong?......Page 138 Repeatability......Page 140 Necessary Order......Page 143 Repeatability......Page 145 Necessary Order and Necessity......Page 147 Is this really a causal theory?......Page 152 A BRIEF REVIEW......Page 154 TRANSCENDENTAL PROOF AND THE MISTAKE STRATEGY......Page 156 A PROBLEM WITH KANT’S TRANSCENDENTAL PROOF AND MISTAKE STRATEGY......Page 160 THE IMPLICATIONS OF THIS PROBLEM......Page 161 TURNING THE COPY THESIS ON ITS HEAD......Page 163 PROBLEM: DRAWING THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN A BEGINNING OF EXISTENCE AND A CAUSE OF EXISTENCE......Page 165 FINAL STATUS OF KANT’S ANSWER TO HUME......Page 167 ON THE GUIDE(S) TO THE DISCOVERY OF THE ROUTE TO THE PRINCIPLE OF CAUSATION......Page 170 The house, the ship, and irreversibility......Page 171 Synthetic and a priori......Page 174 Constitutive versus regulative......Page 175 Objects of representations......Page 177 OBJECT OF EXPERIENCE STRATEGIES......Page 179 BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 184 L......Page 190 W......Page 191 Kant on Causation 4 CONTENTS 6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 10 Introduction 12 1. Relationships 18 CONCEPTS AND INTUITIONS 19 Kant’s introduction to the problem of the Schematism and his introductory solution 20 Kant’s true task in the Schematism 21 Leibniz 21 Hume 22 Leibniz, Hume, Kant, and applicability 24 The importance of the Schematism 26 A problem with Kant’s account of the Schematism 27 THE TRANSCENDENTAL DEDUCTION AND THE PRINCIPLES 30 PRINCIPLES OF UNDERSTANDING AND PRINCIPLES OF REASON 33 ANALOGIES OF EXPERIENCE 39 KANT AND HUME 43 Hume’s Doubt 45 Hume’s reasons for doubting the possibility of demonstration 47 Transcendental proof and Kant’s proof of the causal principle 49 2. The Causal Principle 52 THE PRINCIPLE OF THE SECOND ANALOGY 52 EVALUATION OF POSSIBLE INTERPRETATIONS OF THE FORMULATION OF THE CAUSAL PRINCIPLE 56 The Same-Cause-Same-Effect thesis 56 The Every-Event-Some-Cause thesis 60 3. The Fivefold Routes to the Principle of Causation 62 POSSIBLE ARGUMENT STRATEGIES 62 EVALUATION OF ARGUMENT STRATEGIES 68 The Veridical Strategy 69 The Event/Object Strategy 72 The Event/Event Strategy 75 The Justification Strategy 84 4. The Irreversibility Argument 92 LOVEJOY’S POSITION 93 STRAWSON’S POSITION 98 BENNETT’S POSITION 104 MELNICK’S POSITION 106 GUYER’S POSITION 109 THE HOUSE, THE SHIP, AND IRREVERSIBILITY 114 5. Objects of Representations 120 THE PRINCIPLE OF THE SECOND ANALOGY 121 SUBJECT TO A RULE 124 OBJECTS OF REPRESENTATIONS AND BEING SUBJECT TO A RULE 125 IRREVERSIBILITY REVISITED: ARE SUCCESSIONS OF APPEARANCES SUBJECT TO A RULE? 129 AN EXAMPLE FOR THE OFFICIAL DEFINITION 133 SUCCESSIONS OF APPEARANCES MUST BE SUBJECT TO A RULE 135 PROBLEMS AND DEFENSE 137 The requirements for a succession of appearances’ being subject to a rule 137 Are my requirements too strong? 138 Are my requirements too weak? 140 Repeatability 140 Necessary Order 143 Textual Worries 145 Repeatability 145 Necessary Order and Necessity 147 Is this really a causal theory? 152 6. Hume Revisited 154 A BRIEF REVIEW 154 TRANSCENDENTAL PROOF AND THE MISTAKE STRATEGY 156 A PROBLEM WITH KANT’S TRANSCENDENTAL PROOF AND MISTAKE STRATEGY 160 THE IMPLICATIONS OF THIS PROBLEM 161 TURNING THE COPY THESIS ON ITS HEAD 163 PROBLEM: DRAWING THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN A BEGINNING OF EXISTENCE AND A CAUSE OF EXISTENCE 165 FINAL STATUS OF KANT’S ANSWER TO HUME 167 Conclusion 170 ON THE GUIDE(S) TO THE DISCOVERY OF THE ROUTE TO THE PRINCIPLE OF CAUSATION 170 The house, the ship, and irreversibility 171 The nature of the principle of the Second Analogy 174 Synthetic and a priori 174 Constitutive versus regulative 175 Objects of representations 177 OBJECT OF EXPERIENCE STRATEGIES 179 BIBLIOGRAPHY 184 INDEX 190 A 190 B 190 C 190 E 190 F 190 G 190 H 190 I 190 J 190 K 190 L 190 M 191 O 191 P 191 S 191 T 191 V 191 W 191 "Kant famously confessed that Hume's treatment of cause and effect woke him from his dogmatic slumber. According to Hume, the concept of cause does not arise through reason, but through force of habit. Kant believes this can be avoided through the development of a revolutionary new cognitive framework as presented in the Critique of Pure Reason. Focusing on the Second Analogy and other important texts from the first Critique, as well as texts from the Critique of Judgment, the author discusses the nature of Kant's causal principle, the nature of his proof for this principle, and the status of his intended proof. Bayne argues that the key to understanding Kant's proof is his discussion of objects of representations, and that it is his investigation into the requirements for an event's being an object of representations that enables him to develop his proof of the causal principle"--Back cover