Justice As an Aspect of the Polis Idea in Solon's Political Poems: A Reading of the Fragments in Light of the Researches of the New Classical Archaeology ... Bibliotheca Classica Batava Supplementum) 243

This book examines the meaning of justice or dike in the political poems of Solon from a new interpretative perspective. The first two chapters argue that neither standard historical nor literary treatments have provided an adequate foundation for understanding Solon’s dike . The main defect lies in an inability to connect Solon’s concrete political work with his poetic perceptions. The book’s central proposal is that the polis idea, from new classical archaeology, provides an objective standard for an interpretation of Solon’s dike , which remedies this defect. The third chapter sets forth the polis idea, which becomes the measure for an examination, in the final two chapters, of Solon’s view of dike . The book thus exhibits an interdisciplinary approach to Archaic poetry. Contents 8 Introduction 12 Chapter I Solon: Historical Sources and Scholarship: What We Do and Do Not Know 20 Preliminaries 20 Section 1: Solon in the Athenaion Politeia and Plutarch's Life of Solon 21 Section 2: The Contours of Modern Scholarship on Solon 38 Chronology 39 Hectemorage: Land, Society, and Economy 45 Popular Citizenship 77 Summation 87 Chapter II Literary Criticism of Solon's Political Poems after Jaeger 89 Preliminaries 89 Section 1: Werner Jaeger on the "Elegy on the Polis:" A Natural Law of Justice 90 Section 2: Recent Criticism of the "Elegy on the Polis" Justice Demythologized: Harmony and Legislation 104 Section 3: Dike in the "Elegy on the Polis" and the "Elegy to the Muses" 119 Summation: New Directions 135 Chapter III The Polis Idea in the Work of the New Classical Archaeologists 138 Preliminaries: The New Classical Archaeology and the Study of Solon 138 Section 1: Political Tendencies 146 Section 2: Athenian Particularities 178 Summation: The Polis Idea 190 Chapter IV The Lexicography and Internal Poetics of Dike 194 Preliminaries 194 Section 1: Lexicography of Dike 194 Section 2: The Framework of Dike in Solon's Political Poems 207 Section 3: The Usages of Dike within the Framework 223 Chapter V Solon's Understanding of Dike in Light of the Polis Idea 226 Preliminaries: Solon and the Polis Idea 226 Section 1: The Foundational Meaning of Dike: Fragment 4 and The Polis Idea as the 'August Foundations of Dike' 228 Section 2: Theory into Practice: Fragment 36 and the Specific Uses of Dike 240 Summation 254 Concluding Reflections 256 Appendices 260 Appendix I: The Atthidographers and the Preservation of the Axones 260 Appendix II: Regionalist Theories of Conflict in Archaic Greece 265 Appendix III: Hansen on Solon in The Orators and the Minimum Aristotelian View of Solon's Democratic Reforms 271 Appendix IV: Particulars in The Discussion of Solon's Chronology 275 Sources 275 Hammond's Calculation: Archonship (594) and Constitutional Commission (592) 276 Miller on Chronological Evidence Independent of the Archon List 278 Appendix V 281 Appendix VI: The Hoplite and the Polis: Brief Miscellanea 282 Challenge to the Significance of Hoplite Reform in the Rise of the Polis 282 Law Givers and the Deros Inscription: the Polis Idea before the Hoplite 283 Bibliography 286 Index 296 A 296 B 297 C 297 D 297 E 298 F 299 G 299 H 299 I 300 J 300 K 300 L 300 M 300 N 301 O 301 P 301 R 301 S 302 T 303 U 303 W 303