عدالت و محیط‌های آن (آثار و مکاتبات دیوید ریکاردو)

Author of The State, Anthony de Jasay, has been described as one of the few genuinely original minds in modern political philosophy. He breaks new ground with Justice and Its Surroundings - a new collection of trenchant essays that seek to redefine the concept of justice and to highlight the frontier between it and the surrounding issues that encroach upon it and are mistakenly associated with it. Justice and Its Surroundings discusses rival notions which treat justice 'as something else' - as fairness, equality, or moral intuition. Jasay states, "Theories of justice inspired by the idea that its function is to rectify the way of the world by redistributing the good and bad things that happen to make up people's lots tend to be intellectually weak and vulnerable to the weapon of logic." Jasay's chosen mission is to promote clear reasoning rather than plead for a good cause. This straightforward and terse book analyzes the roles of collective choice, redistribution, and socialism and the claims that would enlist justice in their service. The issue of whether state authority is necessary, convenient, or neither, and the primacy of convention and contract are among the pivotal questions Jasay poses. Essays are divided into 5 categories: The Needless State, Redistribution, Justice, Socialism and Freedom. Features an introduction and index. "Social philosophers, of all varieties, will find their preconceptions challenged here. Anthony de Jasay does, indeed, look at justice and its surroundings 'through a different window.' And his totally original arguments prompt urges to respond, even as frustration is anticipated. Can any of the several conventional wisdoms survive the provacative criticism that this book offers?" James M. Buchanan, April 2002 Author of The State, Anthony de Jasay, has been described as one of the few genuinely original minds in modern political philosophy. He breaks new ground with Justice and Its Surroundings a new collection of trenchant essays that seek to redefine the concept of justice and to highlight the frontier between it and the surrounding issues that encroach upon it and are mistakenly associated with it. Justice and Its Surroundings discusses rival notions which treat justice as something else as fairness, equality, or moral intuition. Jasay states, Theories of justice inspired by the idea that its function is to rectify the way of the world by redistributing the good and bad things that happen to make up peoples lots tend to be intellectually weak and vulnerable to the weapon of logic. Jasays chosen mission is to promote clear reasoning rather than plead for a good cause. This straightforward and terse book analyzes the roles of collective choice, redistribution, and socialism and the claims that would enlist justice in their service. The issue of whether state authority is necessary, convenient, or neither, and the primacy of convention and contract are among the pivotal questions Jasay poses. He concludes by analyzing notions of freedom and making a clear distinction between freedoms and rights. Anthony de Jasay is an independent theorist living in France. Jasay believes that philosophy should be mainly, if not exclusively, about clarifying conclusions that arise from the careless use of, or deliberate misuse of, language. There are echoes here of . . . Wittgenstein's later philosophy. His books, translated into a half dozen languages, include The State and Social Contract, Free Ride . [source/credit line] I. M. D. Little inOrdered Anarchy, 2007 Click here for a pdf file of a brochure with additional information about this title. Jasay, Justice and its Surroundings (2002) 1 Front Matter 1 Title Page 3 Contents 5 Introduction, p. vii 7 Part One. The Needless State 31 1. Who Gave Us Order? On Exclusion, Enforcement, and Its Wherewithal, p. 3 33 2. Taxpayers, Suckers, and Free Riders, p. 19 (Not available online for copyright reasons) -1 3. Prisoners’ Dilemma and the Theory of the State, p. 30 (Not available online for copyright reasons) -1 4. Is National Rational?, p. 54 (Not available online for copyright reasons) -1 5. Empirical Evidence, p. 71 49 Part Two. Redistribution 51 6. A Stocktaking of Perversities, p. 75 53 7. On Redistribution, p. 84 (Not available online for copyright reasons) -1 8. Disjunction, Conjunction, p. 118 62 Part Three. Justice 69 9. Justice as Something Else, p. 127 71 10. Justice, p. 142 (Not available online for copyright reasons) -1 11. On Treating Like Cases Alike, p. 170 (Not available online for copyright reasons) -1 12. Slicing the Cake Nobody Baked, p. 186 86 Part Four. Socialism 97 13. Ownership, Agency, Socialism, p. 199 99 14. Market Socialism: ‘‘This Square Circle’’, p. 215 115 Part Five. Freedom 141 15. Right, Wrong, and Economics, p. 243 143 16. The Paretian Liberal, His Liberties and His Contracts, p. 256 156 17. The Bitter Medicine of Freedom, p. 281 181 Works Cited, p. 307 207 Index, p. 313 213 The End of the Book, p. 322 222 Front Matter......Page 1 Title Page......Page 3 Contents......Page 5 Introduction, p. vii......Page 7 Part One. The Needless State......Page 31 1. Who Gave Us Order? On Exclusion, Enforcement, and Its Wherewithal, p. 3......Page 33 11. On Treating Like Cases Alike, p. 170 (Not available online for copyright reasons)......Page 0 5. Empirical Evidence, p. 71......Page 49 Part Two. Redistribution......Page 51 6. A Stocktaking of Perversities, p. 75......Page 53 8. Disjunction, Conjunction, p. 118......Page 62 Part Three. Justice......Page 69 9. Justice as Something Else, p. 127......Page 71 12. Slicing the Cake Nobody Baked, p. 186......Page 86 Part Four. Socialism......Page 97 13. Ownership, Agency, Socialism, p. 199......Page 99 14. Market Socialism: ‘‘This Square Circle’’, p. 215......Page 115 Part Five. Freedom......Page 141 15. Right, Wrong, and Economics, p. 243......Page 143 16. The Paretian Liberal, His Liberties and His Contracts, p. 256......Page 156 17. The Bitter Medicine of Freedom, p. 281......Page 181 Works Cited, p. 307......Page 207 Index, p. 313......Page 213 The End of the Book, p. 322......Page 222