Jews And Muslims In Lower Yemen: A Study In Protection And Restraint 1918-1949 (Social, Economic and Political Studies of the Middle East and Asia)

The mountain flora of Java constitutes a unique natural heritage of Indonesia and indeed of the whole world. The most informative and most beautifully illustrated book ever written on this rich resource is doubtlessly "The Mountain Flora of Java" by C.G.G.J. van Steenis, with unsurpassed paintings of 456 flowering plant species by Amir Hamzah and Moehamad Toha. The first edition from 1972 was sold out fairly soon. Brill is therefore proud to publish this edition of this seminal work at this point in time. There are three very good reasons to reprint the "Mountain Flora" both in English and in the Indonesian language. First of all there is the importance of this flora for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of the vulnerable montane ecosystems of Java. Secondly, the unique style and quality of the 456 plant portraits by Amir Hamzah and Moehamad Toha. Thirdly there is the science, explaining and interpreting the rich botanical diversity in the mountains of Java. Although written over 34 years ago Van Steenis' approach to the study of botany can still serve as an example and inspiration for young botanists, conservationists and policy makers. Preface and Acknowledgments......Page 17 Note on Style......Page 21 Lexical Note......Page 22 Introduction and Plan of Work......Page 25 I. The Yemeni Document Caches......Page 45 II. The Interview Notebooks......Page 61 III. Scholarly Sensibility and Textual Imagination......Page 68 IV. Conclusion......Page 72 I. Headmanship and the Jewish Village Community......Page 74 II. Place (One: Lower Yemen)......Page 84 III. Tribesmen, Zaydī Elite, Imāms and Lower Yemen......Page 89 IV. The Shaykhly Territory......Page 97 V. Place (Two: al-Maqhāya)......Page 101 VI. Conclusion......Page 108 I. The Rise of the Shu'aybīs: From "Days of Corruption" to Ottoman Administration......Page 114 II. The Mutawakkilite Takeover of Lower Yemen......Page 134 III. "Upper" Bilād al-Shu'aybī and the Mutawakkilite Takeover......Page 139 IV. "Lower" Bilād al-Shu'aybī and the Mutawakkilite Takeover......Page 146 V. Conclusion......Page 161 I. Introduction......Page 162 II. The Path to Headmanship......Page 167 III. Headmanship, Conversion, Adjudication, Security of Financial Undertakings: Shaykh Muhammad and his Jews......Page 182 IV. Conclusion......Page 204 I. Introduction......Page 206 II. Yūsuf al-Jamal of Liwā' Ta'izz......Page 211 III. Al-Jamal and his Villagers......Page 214 IV. Al-Jamal and the Treasury......Page 218 V. Al-Jamal and Other Contractors......Page 225 VI. Al-Jamal and al-Maqhāya......Page 228 VII. Jizya Collection in Qadā" Ibb......Page 230 VIII. "Confusion," or Change and Continuity: Sālim "al-Darrāb"......Page 233 IX. Hayyīm Mīshā and Jizya Headmanship......Page 243 X. Conclusion......Page 245 II. Darrāb's Debt......Page 246 III. Yahyā Hayyim, Jizya Headman......Page 256 IV. Conclusion......Page 261 I. Introduction......Page 266 II. The Lingering Authority of Shaykh Muhammad 'Abd al-Qawī......Page 267 III. 1944: The Rise of Shaykh Muhsin 'Abd al-Qawī......Page 274 IV. 1947: The Death of Muhammad 'Abd al-Qawī and the Succession Issue......Page 287 V. 1948: The Death of Imām Yahyā and Another Reversal......Page 289 VI. Summary: Towards a Conclusion......Page 295 I. Beyond the Home Territory: An Introduction......Page 298 II. The Munīfīs during the "Days of Corruption"......Page 302 III. Law and Order in Bilād al-'Adhārib: Temporal Authority......Page 308 IV. Law and Order in Bilād al-'Adhārib: Religious Authority......Page 323 V. Interim Conclusion......Page 352 I. Introduction......Page 355 II. The Dwayd-Munīfī Equilibrium......Page 357 III. Conclusion......Page 377 I. Introduction......Page 380 II. A Field Named "Maqlid"......Page 381 III. A Field Named "Hijfār"......Page 394 IV. A Hamlet Named "Mashā'īb"......Page 415 V. Conclusion......Page 425 Conclusions......Page 429 Appendices......Page 455 Appendix A: Epilogue......Page 457 Appendix B: Notes on the Grain-Storage Function......Page 473 Appendix C: Gregorian/Hijrī Years and Table of Events (1918–1949)......Page 479 I. The Documentary Sources......Page 482 II. The Narrative Sources......Page 496 References......Page 499 Index......Page 513 This Microhistory Unveils Networks Of Extended Interpersonal Relationships Between Jewish Villagers And Members Of Their Muslim Surroundings In The Decades Preceding Their 1949 Departure From Lower Yemen. In A Multi-layered Narrative Crafted From Letters And Legal Documents In Arabic And An Accompanying Supply Of Judeo-arabic Narratives, The Book Portrays How Religiously Subordinated Individuals Strove To Pursue Their Interests Without Forgoing The Protection Of The Dominant Majority. At Once Shedding New Light On Both Jewish History And On Rural Yemeni-muslim History, The Work Provides A Rare, Pre-republican (pre-1962) Portrait Of Rural Life In Lower Yemen While Positioning The Jewish Community In The Context Of Hitherto Little-understood Social, Legal, Economic And Political Systems.--jacket. Ch. 1. Sources And Method -- Ch. 2. Framework -- Ch. 3. Foundations Of A Working Hypothesis -- Ch. 4. Shaykh And The Aqil -- Ch. 5. Jizya Headmanship -- And Hayyim Misha -- Ch. 6. Yahya Hayyim And Jizya Headmanship -- Ch. 7. Towards A Conclusion : Supplanted Authorities And Reinterpreted Relationships -- Ch. 8. Bilad Al-adharib And The Bani Al-munifi -- Ch. 9. Brink Of Dhimma : Negotiating With The Bani Al-munifi Of Bilad Al-adharib -- Ch. 10. Threshold Crossed : Yahya Hayyim And Hajj Muhammad Of Bilad Al-hayqi -- App. A. Epilogue -- App. B. Notes On The Grain-storage Function -- App. C. Gregorian/hijra Years And Table Of Events (1918-1949). By Isaac Hollander. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [457]-468) And Index. This fascinating microhistory unveils networks of extended interpersonal relationships between Jewish villagers and members of their Muslim surroundings in the decades preceding their 1949 departure from Lower Yemen. In a multi-layered narrative crafted from letters and legal documents in Arabic and an accompanying supply of Judeo-Arabic narratives, the book portrays how religiously subordinated individuals strove to pursue their interests without forgoing the protection of the dominant majority. At once shedding new light on both Jewish history and on rural Yemeni-Muslim history, the work provides a rare, pre-republican (pre-1962) portrait of rural life in Lower Yemen while positioning the Jewish community in the context of hitherto little-understood social, legal, economic and political systems. This fascinating microhistory, crafted from documents and oral narratives, provides a rare portrait of pre-1950 rural Yemen while showing how religiously subordinated Jewish villagers strove to pursue their interests without forgoing the protection of the dominant Muslim majority.