ژاپن در جنگ و صلح: شیدهارا کیجورو و شکل‌گیری دیپلماسی مدرن

The question of how to maintain the continuity of diplomacy while developing democracy without military intervention is an old and new issue. The challenge can be described as a dilemma between democracy and diplomatic coherence. This dilemma is not unique to the twenty-first century; it has been a constant challenge to the development of democracy. In non-Western countries, democratisation originated in the nineteenth century and has had many successes and failures. After the Russo-Japanese War, political parties began to take power in Japan. The best embodiment of diplomacy in Japan’s emerging democracy—the development of parliamentary democracy and mass-based democracy—is Shidehara Kijūrō (1872–1951), who served as foreign minister from 1924 to 1927 and from 1929 to 1931, and was prime minister from 1945 to 1946. As a diplomat from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Shidehara had long grappled with the issue of how to ensure diplomatic coherence in modern Japan, which was becoming increasingly democratic. Although Shidehara succeeded to some extent in promoting diplomacy in cooperation with the US and the UK under party politics, the rise of the military after the Manchurian Incident forced him to retire for a period. However, after the Pacific War, Shidehara became prime minister of the US-occupied Japan and attempted to restore cooperative diplomacy under party politics. Shidehara came to the conclusion that the way to achieve both democracy and diplomatic coherence was through nonpartisan diplomacy towards peace. This book examines the tension between diplomacy and democracy, focusing on Shidehara’s life and exploring modern Japan’s footsteps. Shidehara was undoubtedly one of Japan’s most important diplomatic figures.

The question of how to maintain the continuity of diplomacy while developing democracy without military intervention is an old and new issue. The challenge can be described as a dilemma between democracy and diplomatic coherence. This dilemma is not unique to the twenty-first century; it has been a constant challenge to the development of democracy. In non-Western countries, democratisation originated in the nineteenth century and has had many successes and failures. After the Russo-Japanese War, political parties began to take power in Japan.

The best embodiment of diplomacy in Japan's emerging democracy—the development of parliamentary democracy and mass-based democracy—is Shidehara Kij?r? (1872–1951), who served as foreign minister from 1924 to 1927 and from 1929 to 1931, and was prime minister from 1945 to 1946. As a diplomat from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Shidehara had long grappled with the issue of how to ensure diplomatic coherence in modern Japan, which was becoming increasingly democratic. Although Shidehara succeeded to some extent in promoting diplomacy in cooperation with the US and the UK under party politics, the rise of the military after the Manchurian Incident forced him to retire for a period. However, after the Pacific War, Shidehara became prime minister of the US-occupied Japan and attempted to restore cooperative diplomacy under party politics. Shidehara came to the conclusion that the way to achieve both democracy and diplomatic coherence was through nonpartisan diplomacy towards peace.

This book examines the tension between diplomacy and democracy, focusing on Shidehara's life and exploring modern Japan's footsteps. Shidehara was undoubtedly one of Japan's most important diplomatic figures.

The question of how to maintain the continuity of diplomacywhile developing democracy without military intervention is an oldand new issue. The challenge can be described as a dilemma betweendemocracy and diplomatic coherence. This dilemma is not unique tothe twenty-first century; it has been a constant challenge to thedevelopment of democracy. In non-Western countries, democratisationoriginated in the nineteenth century and has had many successes andfailures. After the Russo-Japanese War, political parties began totake power in Japan.

The best embodiment of diplomacy in Japan's emergingdemocracy-the development of parliamentary democracy and mass-baseddemocracy-is Shidehara Kijūrō (1872-1951), who served as foreignminister from 1924 to 1927 and from 1929 to 1931, and was primeminister from 1945 to 1946. As a diplomat from the Ministry ofForeign Affairs, Shidehara had long grappled with the issue of howto ensure diplomatic coherence in modern Japan, which was becomingincreasingly democratic. Although Shidehara succeeded to someextent in promoting diplomacy in cooperation with the US and the UKunder party politics, the rise of the military after the ManchurianIncident forced him to retire for a period. However, after thePacific War, Shidehara became prime minister of the US-occupiedJapan and attempted to restore cooperative diplomacy under partypolitics. Shidehara came to the conclusion that the way to achieveboth democracy and diplomatic coherence was through nonpartisandiplomacy towards peace.

This book examines the tension between diplomacy and democracy,focusing on Shidehara's life and exploring modern Japan'sfootsteps. Shidehara was undoubtedly one of Japan's most importantdiplomatic figures.

Part 1. Glory: The Meiji and Taishō Eras. ch.1. Path to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs -- ch.2. The Russo-Japanese War, World War I and the Washington Naval Conference -- ch.3. Japan-US relations and Chinese nationalism. Part 2. Breakdown: The prewar Shōwa Era. ch.4. Japan's intervention in China -- ch.5. The London Naval Conference and the Manchurian Incident -- ch.6. From the second Sino-Japanese War to the Pacific War. Part 3. Recovery: The postwar period -- ch.7. Prime Minister of an occupied nation: The Emperor system and the new constitution -- ch.8. War responsibility and nonpartisan diplomacy for peace -- ch.9. A legacy beyond war and peace -- Conclusion: Diplomacy and democracy -- Appendix: Brief chronology of Shidehara Kijūrō Introduction Part I. Glory: The Meiji and Taishō Eras 1. Path to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2. The Russo-Japanese War, World War I and the Washington Naval Conference 3. Japan–US Relations and Chinese Nationalism Part II. Breakdown: The Prewar Shōwa Era 4. Japan’s Intervention in China 5. The London Naval Conference and the Manchurian Incident 6. From the Second Sino‐Japanese War to the Pacific War Part III. Recovery: The Postwar Period 7. Prime Minister of an Occupied Nation: The Emperor System and the New Constitution 8. War Responsibility and Nonpartisan Diplomacy for Peace 9. A Legacy beyond War and Peace Conclusion: Diplomacy and Democracy Appendix: Brief Chronology of Shidehara Kijūrō Index Пустая страница Пустая страница