مستعمره جیمزتاون: تاریخ سیاسی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی

Jamestown Colony is an authoritative and thorough treatment of all aspects of life in Jamestown, the first successful British colony in the New World. Four centuries after its founding, Jamestown has become the stuff of movies, legend, and tourism. This important work treats the reality behind the legendsPocahontas, John Rolfe, Powhatan, John Smith, and othersand puts the stories into a broader context. More than 250 AZ entries detail the colonial strategies, military considerations, political realities, and personal privations that went into the creation of the first enduring beachhead in the British effort to colonize the New World. Based on primary sources and ongoing archaeological work, this book is the most comprehensive look at life in Jamestown. The reader will find detailed scholarship on all the familiar names along with the stories of the lesser known, told in their own words when possible. Published in the quadricentennial of Jamestown's founding, this solid reference is an invaluable resource for the student and history buff. Cover 1 Contents 8 Acknowledgments 12 A Note about Sources 14 Introduction 16 ENTRIES 58 A 58 A ccohannock Indians 58 Accomac Indians 59 Algernon, Fort 61 Archaeology 62 Archer, Gabriel 70 Archer’s Hope 71 Argall, Sir Samuel 71 Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities 73 B 76 Bacon, Nathaniel the Elder 76 Bacon’s Rebellion 76 Banister, John 81 Berkeley, Lady Frances Culpeper 82 Berkeley, Sir William 84 Black Point 87 Blaney, Edward 87 Buck, Richard 89 Byrd,William I 90 C 94 Cannibalism 94 Cape Charles 95 Cape Henry 96 Chanco 99 Chesapeake Indians 100 Chickahominy Indians 102 Chickahominy River 104 City Point 105 Claiborne,William 107 Cole,William 109 College at Henricus 110 A Counter-Blaste to Tobacco 112 Crashaw, Reverend William 113 Culpeper, Lord Thomas, Second Baron of Thoresway 114 D 117 Dale, Sir Thomas 117 Drummond,William 118 E 121 Early European Exploration of North America 121 Elizabeth River 126 F 130 Falling Creek Ironworks 130 French Huguenots 131 Fur Trade 132 G 134 General Assembly 134 Glassmaking 138 Gosnold, Bartholomew 140 Green Spring 143 H 145 Henricus 145 Hog Island 147 Hunt, Robert 148 J 151 James Fort 151 James River 155 Jamestown Church Tower 157 Jesuit Mission (Chesapeake) 158 K 160 Kecoughtan 160 Kecoughtan Indians 161 Kelso, William M. 164 Kendall, George 165 L 168 Lee, Richard 168 London Company 170 Lost Colony 175 M 182 Manahoac Indians 182 Martin’s Hundred 183 Massacre of 1622 185 Massacre of 1644 191 Mathew, Thomas 193 Mattaponi Indians 193 Mattaponi River 195 Monacan Indians 196 Mt. Malady 199 Mulberry Island 200 N 202 Nansemond Indians 202 Nansemond River 204 Nemattanew 205 Newport News 207 Newport, Sir Christopher 208 Northern Neck 209 O 212 Opechancanough 212 Opitchapam 215 P 216 Pamunkey Indians 216 Pamunkey River 219 Paspahegh Indians 220 Percy, George 222 Pocahontas 223 Polish Workers 228 Pory, John 229 Powell, Captain Nathaniel 230 Powhatan 231 R 237 Raleigh, Sir Walter 237 Rappahannock Indians 239 Rappahannock River 242 Rolfe, John 244 S 246 Sagadahoc (Popham) Colony 246 Sandys, Sir Edwin 247 Sandys, George 250 Shirley Hundred 253 Slavery 254 Smith, Captain John 260 Smith’s Fort 264 Smythe, Sir Thomas 266 Somers, Sir George 267 Strachey,William 269 T 271 Thorpe, George 271 Three Ships 273 Tindall’s Point 276 Tobacco 277 Todkill, Anas 280 Trades and Artisans 281 U-Y 285 Warraskoyak Indians 285 West, Thomas, Lord De La Warr 286 White, John 287 Wingfield, Edward-Maria 290 Winne, Peter 293 York River 294 SIDEBARS 17 Sir Frances Drake 17 King James and the Bible 43 Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick 49 Henry Wriothesley, Third Earl of Southampton 54 William Cavendish, Earl of Devonshire 56 A Silly Sort of a Fort 62 James Fort 65 Jaquelin-Ambler House 68 Sir Samuel Argall 73 Bacon’s Declaration to the People 78 Sir William Berkeley to Charles II 85 Mr. Edward Blaney’s “Men Over ye Watter” 88 The Muster of Mr. Edward Blaney Jamestown 89 William Byrd I of Westover 91 Nicholas Ferrar the Younger 92 Chesapeake Bay 95 Treaty Negotiations with the Chickahominy, 1614 103 East India School 110 Nicholas Ferrar the Elder 111 Tobacco Vicious and Ruinous 112 Sir Humphrey Gilbert 123 Sir Richard Grenville 124 Landfall and First Contact 125 Queen Elizabeth 127 Fur Trade 132 Musk Rats 133 First General Assembly, 1619 135 Obstacles to Glass Manufacture 138 Coxendale: Forgotten Town 146 Virginia 172 John White’s Account of the Lost Colony 178 Manahoac Confederacy: Enemies of Powhatan 183 A Narrow Escape 188 The Other Massacre 190 Chief Necotowance on the Treaty of 1646 191 Mulberry Shade 200 First Christian Marriage 209 Sir William Morton and “The Royal Feast” 210 Canoeing on the Thames 217 Captain John Smith’s Capture by the Pamunkey Indians 218 St. George at Gravesend 223 Kewasa (The Deity) 224 Pocahontas’s Brothers 225 Kocoum: Pocahontas’s First Husband? 226 Queen Anne 227 Of the Natives: Their Habit, Costumes & Manner of Living 232 Patawomeke Indians: Allied with Powhatan 235 Thomas Hariot: New World Enthusiast 238 Rappahannock Indians: Reverence for the Sun 241 “Antonio the Negro” 256 Baptism of Slaves 258 Captain John Smith 261 Captain John Smith and New England 262 Captain John Smith, Panegyrick Verses 263 George Thorpe 272 Atlantic Coast 275 Pleasing Aroma? 277 Tobacco: The Native American Way of Receiving Visitors 279 Tobacco So Sweet 280 Jamestown’s First President 290 SELECTED WRITINGS 298 Discovery of Virginia, 1170–1584 298 Fifth Voyage of John White to Virginia, 1589 303 John Brereton’s Account of the Aborted New England Colony, 1602 304 First Virginia Charter, 10 April 1606 307 Instructions for the Virginia Colony, 1606 313 First Residents of Jamestown, 1607 316 Observations by Master George Percy, 1607 321 Captain John Smith’s Journey to the Pamunkey Indians, 1608 330 Second Virginia Charter, 23 May 1609 336 Winter of the Starving Time, 1609–1610 359 Third Virginia Charter, 12 March 1612 364 William Strachey’s Description of the Natives of Virginia, 1612 378 William Strachey’s Description of Chief Powhatan, 1612 382 John Rolfe to Sir Thomas Dale, 1614 386 Captain John Smith’s Petition to Queen Anne on Behalf of Pocahontas, 1616 390 London Company Instructions to George Yeardley, 18 November 1618 392 Captain Anthony Chester’s Description of a Sea Fight, 1620 399 Captain John Smith’s Description of the Indian Massacre, 1622 402 Richard Frethorne’s Description of Indentured Service, 1623 410 Captain John Smith on the Reformation of Virginia, 1623 413 Captain John Smith’s Description of the Plymouth Colony, 1624 421 Aftermath of Massacre, 1644 423 List of Those Executed for Bacon’s Rebellion, 1676 424 An Account of Our Late Troubles in Virginia, 1676 425 Eulogy of the Dead Rebel, 1676 431 Charles II’s Patent Appointing Thomas, Lord Culpeper, Governor of Virginia, 1680 432 Of the Waters, 1688 434 The Reverend John Clayton’s Description of Tobacco Cultivation in Virginia, 1688 438 Robert Beverley’s Description of the Beaver in Virginia, 1705 441 Appendices 444 Jamestown Colony Chronology 444 Tribes of the Powhatan Confederacy 464 Villages of the Powhatan Confederacy 466 List of Indian Words and Phrases 472 Members of the First General Assembly 476 Virginia’s Chief Executives, 1607–1699 478 Bibliography 480 Index 488 A 488 B 489 C 490 D 492 E 492 F 492 G 493 H 494 I 495 J 495 K 496 L 496 M 497 N 498 O 499 P 499 Q 500 R 500 S 501 T 503 U 503 V 503 W 504 Y 504 Z 505 About the Authors 506 Four centuries after its founding, Jamestown has become the stuff of movies, legend, and tourism. This important work treats the reality behind the legends, Pocahontas, John Rolfe, Powhatan, John Smith, and others, and puts the stories into a broader context. More than 250 A-Z entries detail the colonial strategies, military considerations, political realities, and personal privations that went into the creation of the first enduring beachhead in the British effort to colonize the New World. Based on primary sources and ongoing archaeological work, this book is the most comprehensive look at life in Jamestown. The reader will find detailed scholarship on all the familiar names along with the stories of the lesser known, told in their own words when possible. Published in the quadricentennial of Jamestown's founding, this solid reference is an invaluable resource for the student and history buff. -- Publishers description