IXNH. Walking in the Footsteps of the Pioneer of Aegean Archaeology in celebration of the 200th anniversary of the birth of Heinrich Schliemann (Proceedings of the 19th International Aegean Conference/19e Rencontre égéenne internationale, Centro Internazi

To honor the memory of the father of Aegean archaeology and celebrate the 200th anniversary of his birth, the best way was undoubtedly to show the advances that have been made over the last hundred and fifty years of excavations at the sites Heinrich Schliemann first explored, as well as on other sites he just visited, in Italy – including Sardinia – and in Greece – Therasia in the Santorini caldera –, keeping in mind that these first steps he took also mark the very beginnings of Aegean archaeology. The 19th International Aegean Conference / 19e Rencontre égéenne internationale focused therefore on evaluating – albeit very partially – the results of the extensive fieldwork conducted by so many teams at Troy, Mycenae, Tiryns, and Orchomenos, walking in the footsteps of the pioneer. To fully appreciate the progress made since Schliemann’s explorations, various aspects were considered, such as topography and environment, architecture, artistic and craft production, social organization, religious beliefs and practices, means of subsistence and sources of supply, as well as echoes in later textual sources. The latter approach was fundamental in Schliemann’s thinking and methodology. It is first addressed in the keynote lecture and then discussed, in the same perspective of appraising the evolution and achievements of scientific research during a century and a half. The Centro Internazionale per la Ricerca sulle Civiltà Egee, in Oristano, Sardinia, where the conference took place is dedicated to the late Pierre Carlier, who devoted an important part of his career and research to the evocations of Aegean material testimonies in later textual sources. The IXNH conference also pays tribute to him. Cover 1 CONTENTS 6 IXNH e CIRCE 8 KEYNOTE LECTURE 12 STILL SEARCHING FOR HOMER: AEGEAN PREHISTORY AND HEINRICH SCHLIEMANN’S HOMERIC QUEST(ION)S* 14 A. SARDINIA 44 SCHLIEMANN AND SARDINIA 46 B. THERASIA 84 HEINRICH SCHLIEMANN’S EPISTEMIC PREMONITIONS AT THERASIA AND BEYOND 86 C. TROY 98 ARCHAEOLOGY OF ARCHAEOLOGY: EXCAVATING IN THE DUMPS OF HEINRICH SCHLIEMANN AT TROY* 100 HEINRICH SCHLIEMANN AND THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND THE IMPORTANCE OF NATURAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN SCHLIEMANN’S RESEARCH AREAS TO 110 FRIEND OR FOE? THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEINRICH SCHLIEMANN AND PHILIPP ANTON DETHIER DURING THE ‘PRIAM’S TREASURES’ COURT CASE* 122 FROM HOMERIC LEGENDS TO BRONZE AGE REALITIES. CHANGING RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES ON TROY AND WESTERN ANATOLIA* 138 D. MYCENAE 150 PANAYOTIS STAMATAKIS AT MYCENAE. A CHRONOGRAPHY 152 “A THRILLING EPISODE STRAIGHT FROM THE BEYOND”. AN EYEWITNESS NARRATIVE OF HEINRICH SCHLIEMANN’S EXCAVATION OF A GRAVE IN GRAVE 166 THE TREASURY OF ATREUS REVISITED. A FULL RE-ASSESSMENT OF ALL THE FINDS FROM THE LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURY EXCAVATIONS BY 178 PETSAS HOUSE AND THE HISTORY OF SETTLEMENT ON THE PEZOULIA SLOPE: EXCAVATION LEGACIES OF THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES IN 21ST CEN 204 SCHLIEMANN’S LOWER CITY AND THE SETTLEMENT AT MYCENAE: THE VIEW FROM PETSAS HOUSE 214 THE EAST HOUSE AT MYCENAE. A DOMESTIC COMPLEX OF THE POST-PALATIAL ERA 228 FOLLOWING THE TRACES OF EARLY PALATIAL MYCENAE* 248 TERRACOTTA FIGURINE PRODUCTION AT PETSAS HOUSE, MYCENAE IN LH IIIA2* 264 THE GOLD KYLIKES OF THE MYCENAE ACROPOLIS: TRACING THEIR TECHNOLOGY AND ORIGIN* 278 Introduction 287 Experimental Samples description and methodology 287 Results. Table 1. 287 Table 2. 287 Conclusions 288 Table A1. 288 Figure A1. 289 Figure A2. 289 Figure A3. 290 Figure A4. 290 REVITALIZING THE VITTLES: RECENT ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF ANIMAL SUBSISTENCE AT MYCENAE 306 ALEXANDRA AND THE OTHERS: TEXTILE WORK AREAS AT MYCENAE 316 NESTOR’S CUPS 334 E. ORCHOMENOS 356 IN THE LAND OF THE MINYANS. SCHLIEMANN’S LEGACY AT ORCHOMENOS 358 F. TIRYNS 374 WHAT SCHLIEMANN COULD NOT HAVE KNOWN: THE MYCENAEAN POSTPALATIAL PERIOD AS A DECISIVE LINK BETWEEN THE PALATIAL AND THE “HOMERIC 376 BUILT. HOMERIC HOMES, MYCENAEAN 382 THE HOUSE THAT 382 AND BUILDING BIOGRAPHIES* 382 To honor the memory of the father of Aegean archaeology and celebrate the 200th anniversary of his birth, the best way was undoubtedly to show the advances that have been made over the last hundred and fifty years of excavations at the sites Heinrich Schliemann first explored, as well as on other sites he just visited, in Italy - including Sardinia - and in Greece - Therasia in the Santorini caldera -, keeping in mind that these first steps he took also mark the very beginnings of Aegean archaeology.0The 19th International Aegean Conference / 19e Rencontre égéenne internationale focused therefore on evaluating - albeit very partially - the results of the extensive fieldwork conducted by so many teams at Troy, Mycenae, Tiryns, and Orchomenos, walking in the footsteps of the pioneer. To fully appreciate the progress made since Schliemann?s explorations, various aspects were considered, such as topography and environment, architecture, artistic and craft production, social organization, religious beliefs and practices, means of subsistence and sources of supply, as well as echoes in later textual sources. The latter approach was fundamental in Schliemann's thinking and methodology. It is first addressed in the keynote lecture and then discussed, in the same perspective of appraising the evolution and achievements of scientific research during a century and a half. The Centro Internazionale per la Ricerca sulle Civiltà Egee, in Oristano, Sardinia, where the conference took place is dedicated to the late Pierre Carlier, who devoted an important part of his career and research to the evocations of Aegean material testimonies in later textual sources. The IXNH conference also pays tribute to him To honor the memory of the father of Aegean archaeology and celebrate the 200th anniversary of his birth, the best way was undoubtedly to show the advances that have been made over the last hundred and fifty years of excavations at the sites Heinrich Schliemann first explored, as well as on other sites he just visited, in Italy - including Sardinia - and in Greece - Therasia in the Santorini caldera -, keeping in mind that these first steps he took also mark the very beginnings of Aegean archaeology.0The 19th International Aegean Conference / 19e Rencontre égéenne internationale focused therefore on evaluating - albeit very partially - the results of the extensive fieldwork conducted by so many teams at Troy, Mycenae, Tiryns, and Orchomenos, walking in the footsteps of the pioneer. To fully appreciate the progress made since Schliemann?s explorations, various aspects were considered, such as topography and environment, architecture, artistic and craft production, social organization, religious beliefs and practices, means of subsistence and sources of supply, as well as echoes in later textual sources. The latter approach was fundamental in Schliemann?s thinking and methodology. It is first addressed in the keynote lecture and then discussed, in the same perspective of appraising the evolution and achievements of scientific research during a century and a half.0The Centro Internazionale per la Ricerca sulle Civiltà Egee, in Oristano, Sardinia, where the conference took place is dedicated to the late Pierre Carlier, who devoted an important part of his career and research to the evocations of Aegean material testimonies in later textual sources. The IXNH conference also pays tribute to him