IX Latin American Congress on Biomedical Engineering and XXVIII Brazilian Congress on Biomedical Engineering: Proceedings of CLAIB and CBEB 2022, ... Health Technologies (IFMBE Proceedings, 101)

This book reports on the latest research and developments in Biomedical Engineering, with a special emphasis on topics of interest and findings achieved in Latin America. This fourth volume of a 4-volume set focuses on health technology assessment, quality of healthcare technologies, and innovation in health technologies. It discusses advances in medical device monitoring, issues in patient safety, methods for medical error analysis and medical data management, and other related topics. Throughout the book, a special emphasis is given to low-cost technologies and to their development for and applications in clinical settings. Based on the IX Latin American Conference on Biomedical Engineering (CLAIB 2022) and the XXVIII Brazilian Congress on Biomedical Engineering (CBEB 2022), held jointly, and virtually on October 24-28, 2022, from Florianópolis, Brazil, this book provides researchers and professionals in the biomedical engineering field with extensive information on new technologies and current challenges for their clinical applications. . Preface Organisation Contents Clinical Engineering and Health Technology Assessment Importance of the Department of Biomedical Engineering in the Conversion of a High Specialty Hospital to a COVID-Hospital 1 Introduction 2 Background (Before COVID-19) 2.1 Department of Biomedical Engineering 2.2 Infrastructure 2.3 Medicinal Gases 2.4 Mechanical Ventilators 3 Reconversion Covid Hospital (Results) 3.1 Department of Biomedical Engineering 3.2 Medicinal Gases 3.3 Mechanical Ventilators 3.4 Disinfection Procedures 4 Covid Hospital Magna Reconversion (Results) 5 Conclusion References Ventilatory Support Associated with Extubation Sucess in Preterm Infants Can Reduce the Hospitalization Days 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Analysis of the Causes of Failures in a Dental Unit in Primary Health Care 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 3.1 Dental Unit Study 3.2 Data Stratification and Classification 3.3 Analysis of the Causes: Ishikawa Diagram 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Principal Components and Neural Networks Based Linear Regression to Determine Biomedical Equipment Maintenance Cost in the Peruvian Social Security Health System 1 Introduction 2 Data Analysis 2.1 Machine Learning for Maintenance Management 2.2 Multiple Linear Regression 2.3 Principal Component Regression (PCR) 2.4 Multilayer Neural Network 2.5 Data Collection 2.6 Determination of the Independent Variables 2.7 Data Cleaning 3 Results 3.1 Multivariable Linear Regression 3.2 Linear Regression Using Principal Components 3.3 Linear Regression Using Multilayer Perceptron 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Study of Technical Productivity as a Tool for the Development of the IPS Universitaria Infrastructure Master Plan 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Actual Status Diagnosis 2.2 Analysis 2.3 Roadmap Proposal 3 Results and Analysis 3.1 Actual Status Diagnosis 3.2 Analysis 3.3 Roadmap Proposal 4 Conclusions References EPID-Based Patient-Specific Quality Assurance in VMAT Radiation Therapy Using Split Arcs 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Patient Selection 2.2 Planning and Error Insertion 2.3 Measurements 2.4 Planning Analyses 3 Results 3.1 Dosimetric Impact 3.2 Prostate Plans 3.3 Head and Neck Plans 3.4 Error-Free Arcs 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Clinical Decision Support System to Managing Beds in ICU 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 The CRISP-DM Model 2.2 Data Preparation and Analysis 2.3 Proposed Strategy 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Development of Best Practices Virtual Resources to Assist in the Safe Use of Health Technologies in an Interdisciplinary Ecosystem 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Use of a HAPI FHIR Server and Development of a Multi-user Web Interface for Visualization and Analysis of Data from Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 SDC-X Project 2.2 HL7 FHIR and ElasticSearch Servers 2.3 SDC-X Interface 3 Results 3.1 FHIR Server and Data Usage 3.2 SDC-X Interface 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Analysis of Failure Causes in the Mammography Machines 1 First Section 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References An Overview of the Postgraduate Courses in Clinical Engineering Offered in Brazil 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Features of Computerized Systems for the Management of Medical-Hospital Equipment in Clinical Engineering Departments in Brazil 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Investigation of Probable Causes of Patient Damage in the Multifactorial Environment of Adverse Events: Analysis of Adverse Event Notifications for Pulmonary Ventilator 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Results 3.1 Adverse Events Reported to the FDA 3.2 Adverse Events Reported to Anvisa 3.3 Application of the ECRI Classification 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Analysis of Maintenance Events in Medical Equipment in the Largest Trauma Hospital in Natal/RN 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Observation 2.2 Data Collection 3 Results 3.1 General Occurrences of Maintenance on the Biomedical Equipments 3.2 Laryngoscopy 3.3 Infusion Pump 3.4 Defibrillator 3.5 Electrocardiograph 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Indexes for Health Technology Assessment Two Case Studies: Computer Tomography Scan and Linear Accelerator 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Technical Evaluation of Medical Equipment 2.2 Epidemiological Analysis of the Medical Service 2.3 Medical Service Attention Time 2.4 Patient Attention Time 2.5 Medical Service Productivity 3 Results 3.1 Technical Evaluation of CT-Scan 3.2 Technical Evaluation of Linear Accelerator 3.3 Epidemiological Analysis of Computed Tomography Service 3.4 Epidemiological Analysis of Pediatric Radiotherapy Serice 3.5 Computed Tomography Service Attention Time 3.6 Patient Attention Time (Computed Tomography) 3.7 Computed Tomography Service Productivity 3.8 Pediatric Radiotherapy Service Attention Time 3.9 Pattient Attention Time (Pediatric Radiotherapy) 3.10 Pediatric Radiotherapy Service Productivity 4 Conclusions References A Proposed Model for Calculate the Number of Mammography Machines for the South-West Area of Mexico 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Determinants of the Region 2.2 Screening Mammography Demand 2.3 Model 3 Results 3.1 Model Variables 3.2 Target Population 3.3 Epidemiological Indicators 3.4 Infrastructure 3.5 Number of Mammography Machines 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Productivity Index Applied to Clinical Engineering 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Index Calculation 2.2 Sensitivity of IP 2.3 Case Study 2.4 Statistical Tests 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Reliability Analysis Techniques Applied to Highly Complex Medical Equipment Maintenance 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Data Collection and Analysis 2.2 Elaboration of the FMEA 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Health Technology, Innovation and Development Multi-platform Mobile Application for Elderly Care Management 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 3.1 App Developed 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Comparative Study of Therapeutic Ultrasound and Copaiba Oil Phonophoresis Therapies for Shoulder Tendinitis 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Treated Groups 2.2 Ultrasound Equipment 2.3 Treatment Description 2.4 Treatment Evaluation 2.5 Statistical Analysis 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Home Dental Whitening: Preliminary Clinical Study of the Technique and Patients’ Perception 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions 5 Statement of Human and Animal Rights References Experimental Determination of Vascular Pulsatility During Continuous-Flow LVAD Assistance 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Flow Pulsatility Quantification 2.2 Mock Circulation Loop 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Augmented Reality for Gait Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References IoT System for Elbow Angle Assessment Applied to Orthosis Device 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Foundation 2.1 Kinematic, Biomechanical and Anatomical Aspects of the Elbow Joint 2.2 State of Art of Orthoses 3 Materials and Methods 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Modeling and Structural Development 4.2 Electronic Circuit Prototypation 4.3 Database Configuration 4.4 Graphical Interface Configuration 4.5 Performance Validation 5 Conclusion References Analysis of the Exposure of PLA Surfaces to Ozone Gas, Ozonated Water, and Ultraviolet Radiation, Preliminary Evaluation 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Fused Deposition Modeling 2.2 Exposure to Ozone Gas 2.3 Exposure to Ozonated Water 2.4 Exposure to Ultraviolet (UV) 2.5 Analysis of Parts Using an Optical Microscope 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Therapeutic Approaches in the Sequence of Pierre Robin: A Systematic Review of the Literature 1 Introduction 2 Méthod 2.1 Research Strategy 2.2 Article Selection Criteria 2.3 Data Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Data Processing and Storage Tools 1 First Section 1.1 A Subsection Sample 2 The Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Data Processing 2.1 Difficulties in Data Storage and Digitalization 3 Data Process, Storage, and Analysis Tools 3.1 Script for Obtaining and Storing the Data 3.2 Web-Based Dashboard for Data Visualization and Statistical Analysis 3.3 Tools Validation 4 Conclusions References Application for Mobile Devices to Measure Daily Protein Intake in the Elderly: PROT + First Results 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Qualitative Analysis of Different Formulations of Losartan Potassium Using Raman Spectroscopy 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Samples 2.2 Raman Spectroscopy 2.3 Sample Spectral Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Application Development for Canine Hearing Monitoring 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Development of App 3 App AudioPet 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References Design of Technical Support for Stand-Up 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Design Definition 2.2 Design of Parts 2.3 Electronic Design 2.4 Final Assembly 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Use of Ozonized Oil in Chronic Wounds of Lower Limbs: Preliminary Results 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Intervention 2.2 Clinical Assessment 2.3 Microorganism Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References COVIData: A Web Platform for Tracking, Classification and Monitoring Cases Suspects of COVID-19 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Approach 2.1 Development of the Screening Method 2.2 Partnership and Additional Features 2.3 Information Spreading 3 The COVIData Implementation 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Mechanical Ventilator and Oxygen Concentrator System: Tinki's Proof of Concept 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Oxygen Versus Flow Calibration 2.2 FiO2 Stability Test in Time 3 Results 3.1 Oxygen Versus Flow Calibration 3.2 FiO2 Stability Test in Time 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Optimized Performance Pulse Oximeter Based on the MAX30102 Commercial Sensor 1 Introduction 2 Design and Implementation 2.1 General Description of the Developed Pulse Oximeter 2.2 Acquisition and Conditioning of the PPG Signal 2.3 SpO2 Calculation 2.4 Heart Rate Calculation 2.5 Comparison of HR Calculation Algorithms 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy with Methylene Blue and Urea in Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Bacterial Samples and Cultivation 2.2 Procedures 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References 360 Immersion System: A Work at Height Safety Training Experience with Physiological Monitoring 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Metrology and Quality of Healthcare Technologies Mass Estimation in Body Photography for Obesity Assessment Using Deep Learning and Linear Regression 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Image Dataset 2.2 Posture Estimation 2.3 Regression 2.4 Features 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Development of a Neonatal Lung Simulator with Variable Compliance 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Construction 2.2 Measurement Setup 2.3 Characterization 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Typical Values in Digital Mammography Within the Framework of Diagnostic Reference Levels 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Patient Data Collection and Equipment 2.2 Patient Dosimetry 2.3 Data Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Metrological Conformity Assessment of Pulmonary Ventilators During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Brazil 1 Introduction 2 Objective 3 Methodology 4 Analysis of Data and Results 5 Discussion and Conclusion References Influence of Phototype, Sweating and Moisturizing Lotions on Human Skin Emissivity: A Possible Cause of Screening Errors of Feverish People in Sanitary Barriers 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results 4 Compliance with Ethical Requirements 5 Conclusions References Assessing the Quality of Behavioral Data Obtained by Human Observers Using Cohen's Kappa and Accessory Metrics: Development of the Algorithms and an Open-Source Library 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Assessment of Lung Ventilators’ Pressure Alarms System in a Controlled Scenario 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Maternal Near Miss in the State of Rio Grande Do Norte (Brazil) Between 2003 to 2019: A Preliminary Analysis of Identification and Monitoring 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Computational Tools 2.2 Data Acquisition and Analysis 2.3 Maternal Near Miss Rate 2.4 Statistical Analysis 3 Results 3.1 SIH Analysis 3.2 SIM Analysis 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Radiation Dose Optimization for Contrast-Free Adult Skull CT Protocol 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Spatial Resolution 2.2 The Figure of Merit (FOM) 2.3 Noise Level (N) 2.4 CT Number’s Accuracy and Uniformity 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Spatial Resolution 3.2 The Figure of Merit (FOM) 3.3 Noise Level (N) and CT Number’s Accuracy and Uniformity 4 Conclusions References Author Index