ISUW 2021: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference and Exhibition on Smart Energy and Smart Mobility for Smart Cities (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 843)

This book presents selected articles from INDIA SMART UTILTY WEEK (ISUW 2021), which is the seventh edition of the Conference cum Exhibition on Smart Grids and Smart Cities, organized by India Smart Grid Forum from 02-05 March 2021, in New Delhi, India. ISGF is a public private partnership initiative of the Ministry of Power, Govt. of India with the mandate of accelerating smart grid deployments across the country. This book gives current scenario updates of Indian power sector business. It also highlights various disruptive technologies for power sector business. Contents Legal Framework for Protection of Critical Information Infrastructure 1 Introduction 2 Challenges 3 Analysis of Cyber Attacks 4 Possible Cause of Such Attacks 5 Review of Cyber Crime Instruments 6 Conclusion 7 Way Forward Reference Real Time Monitoring of OT Devices Through INMS 1 Introduction 2 Tata Power-DDL Challenge 3 Methodology 4 Mapping of Devices as Per Our Geographical Area 5 Discovery of Devices 6 Availability and Performance Monitoring of Devices 7 Alert Identification 8 Incident Management 9 Benefits 10 Observation 11 Conclusion References Combined Billing and Customer Care Systems for All Utilities in a Smart City 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Recent Utilities Trends 4 Distinctive Features of Purposed Solution 5 Implementation Strategy 6 Benefits 7 Conclusion Bibliography Effective OT Cyber Security for Modern Grid Operations and Asset Management 1 Introduction 2 Approach 3 Implementation 3.1 Installation of Firewall at Substation 3.2 Installation of Firewall at Control Centre 3.3 OT Monitoring Tool 4 Challenges/Learnings During Implementation 5 Conclusion/Benefits References IIOT in Utility Operations Paper 1 Introduction 2 Approach to Way Forward 2.1 Digitization to Digitalization 2.2 Distributed Energy Resources Integration and Realizing Economic Benefits 2.3 Advance Utility Assets Health Monitoring, Analysis and Condition Based or Predictive Maintenance 2.4 Utility Technologies Integration 2.5 Conventional Project Execution and Maintenance Practices 2.6 Advance Maintenance Systems to Deal with Contingency Scenarios like Covid-19 3 TATA Power DDL Steps Towards Implementation of IIOT 4 Case I 5 Case II 6 Case III 7 Analysis and Impact 8 Business Impact 9 Return on Investment 10 Scalability 11 Uniqueness of Project 12 Challenges Faced During Implementation 13 Conclusion Reference Demystifying Digitally Empowered Prosumer—Transformation Opportunities for Utilities in Energy Value Ecosystem 1 Introduction-Managing Customer Experience is a Must for Utiltites 2 Utilities Focus on Customer Journey for Managing Customer Experience 3 Empathy Map for Customer Journey 4 COVID as an Opportunity for Utilities to Be Closer to Customer 5 Energy Value Ecosystem 6 Customer Management Framework for Utilities 7 Selected Examples from Global Utilities in Managing Customer Experience 8 Conclusion References Smart Solutions Based on Smart Metering Data to Improve Distribution Network Operations and Customer Management in France 1 Introduction 2 Smart Metering Data as a Game Changer 3 Solutions for Grid Operations 3.1 MV Network Dispatching 3.2 LV Network Operations 3.3 Quality of Supply Monitoring 3.4 Network Model Improvement 3.5 Big Data for Predictive Maintenance 4 Solutions for Client Satisfaction 4.1 Collective Self-consumption 4.2 Open Data 4.3 Public Lighting Management 4.4 Customers Emergency Management 5 Process for DSO Customized Solution Development 6 Conclusion References Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Planning and Security Measures in Indian Urban Centres 1 Introduction 2 Charging Infrastructure Use Cases 3 Impact on Energy Systems 3.1 Data Security 3.2 Grid Infrastructure and Security 4 Econometric Model 4.1 Assumptions 4.2 Methodology 4.3 Analysis 5 Mitigation of Security Threats 5.1 Role of Urban Planners 5.2 Smart Charging 5.3 Cyber Securiity 5.4 Remedies 6 Conclusion References A Sustainable Power Distribution Model 1 Introduction 2 Present Issues with Indian Power Sector 2.1 Privatization of Full DISCOM or Urban Areas 2.2 Concern of Rural Electricity Supply 3 Proposed Scheme of Rural Electric Supply 3.1 Urja Mitra: Outage Management 3.2 Adoption of e-Vehicles in Rural 3.3 Commercial Viability 3.4 Subsidy 4 Structure of Rural Electricity CoOperative Society 5 Conclusion References Energy Storage System—Application in Green City Transport 1 Introduction 2 Methods of Energy Storage 3 Description 4 Conclusion Reference Access to Standardised, Transparent, and Granular Electricity Consumption Data: A Novel Engagement Model for the Indian Consumer 1 Introduction 2 Information Sharing Models 2.1 Other Countries 2.2 Other Industries in India 3 Potential Value Propositions for Different Stakeholders 3.1 Consumers—Industrial, Commercial and Residential 3.2 Utilities 3.3 Technology Companies 3.4 Policymakers and Research Organisations 4 Existing Initiatives in India 4.1 Green Button Implementation in India—Case Study of MSEDCL 4.2 Formation of LITD10 Committee—Common Information Sharing Model 5 Framework of Common Information Sharing Model 5.1 Metadata 5.2 Standards and Protocol 5.3 Testing and Compliance 5.4 Data Privacy and Security 5.5 Stakeholders 5.6 Regulations 6 Discussion and Way Forward References Pioneering Data Quality and Security in Smart Grid 1 Introduction 2 Problem Statement 3 Problem Impact 3.1 Less Productivity and Growth 3.2 Increased Financial Costs 3.3 Data Security Breach 4 Mitigating the problem—The L&G Solution DQSS 4.1 Purpose 4.2 Solution 5 Achitecture and Design 5.1 Functional Tier 5.2 Data Tier 5.3 UI Tier 6 Benefits of DQSS 6.1 Product Feature Benefits and Use Cases 6.2 Deploying DQSS as a Product to Any Organization 6.3 New Business Leads 7 Challenges and Issue 8 ROI from Proposed Solution References Vehicle to Grid Integration and Strategies for Managed EV Charging in India 1 Introduction 2 Passive Charging Strategies 3 Strategy For Residential EV charging 4 Active Charging Strategies 5 Case-Study For Load Shift 6 Discussion and Conclusion References Journey of Implementation of Line Differential Protection at Distribution Utility “Tata Power Delhi Distrbution Limited” 1 Introduction 2 Line Differential Protection 2.1 Scheme Details 2.2 Experience with Relay Settings 3 Phases of Line Differential Commissioning in Tata Power-DDL 4 Commissioning of Three Terminal Line Differential Relays 5 Conclusion References Development of Smart Data Analytics Module Enabling Access to Electric Vehicle Usage in Smart City 1 Introduction 2 Prototype Hardware 2.1 Components of Hardware Model 2.2 Generalized Block Diagram for Developing Module 2.3 Logic of Fetching the Data 2.4 Sample Code in Python 2.5 Practical Applicability 3 Conclusion References Hosting Capacity Analysis and Managed Charging Solutions for Electric Vehicle Grid Integration 1 Introduction 2 Challenges of EV Growth 3 Grid Integration Analysis 4 Managed Charging Infrastructure 5 Conclusion References CFIP—Water Inhibitor Cable Jointing Kit 1 Introduction 2 Challenges 3 Solutions Proposed 4 Uniquenesss/Scalability 5 Impact 6 Benefits 7 Standardization in Cable Jointing 8 Conclusion References AI Based Alert Voice App for Customer 1 Introduction 2 Ease of Use 2.1 New Connection and Complaints by Voice Commands 2.2 Voice Alert 3 Implementation 3.1 Methodology for Section 1 4 Example 4.1 Methodology for Section 2 References Assessing the Impact of Integrating Electric Vehicles and Solar Rooftop Photovoltaic System into the Power Distribution Network 1 Introduction 2 Process and Methodology 2.1 Data Collection 2.2 Power System Model 2.3 Power Flow Analysis 3 Data Analysis and Assumptions 4 Scenario Details 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion and Recommendations References Key Learnings from a Successful AMI Project in Indore (Learnings from Smart Grid Projects) 1 Introduction 2 Project Informartion 3 Scope 4 Handling the Challanges 5 Key Succes Factors 5.1 Technology Selection 5.2 Contracts Management 5.3 Operations and Executions 6 Key Learnings—Role of System Integrator 7 Way Forward Reference Implementation of Robotics and Drones in Power Distribution 1 Key Areas of Work 1.1 Surveilance Through Drones 1.2 Robotics at Receiving Stations or Distribution Substations 1.3 Robotics and Drones in Transmission Lines and Projects 2 Understanding Serious Injuries and Fatality Rate in Power Sector 3 Arising Need for Implementing Robotics and Drones in Power Sector 4 Emerging Trends in Robotics and Drones in Power Sector Across Globe 5 Conclusion References Two Capacity Transformer for Technical Loss Reduction 1 Introduction 2 Annual DT Loading Analysis 3 All Day Efficiency of Transformer and Maximum Efficiency 4 Design Modifications 5 Terminal Box Alterations 6 Conclusion References Experimental Study on Improvement of Power Generation in Building Integrated PV 1 Introduction 2 System Design 2.1 MFOT Design and Topology 3 Peroformance Analysis 4 Conclusion References Unconventional Operation of Power Transformer Through Reverse Feeding Process 1 Introduction 2 Canvas of TATA Power-DDL Distribution Network 3 Objective Behind Reverse Feeding of Power Transformer 4 Historic Load Analysis and Its Outcome 5 Foreseeable Workarounds for Catering Load Requirement 6 Reverse Feeding the PTR 6.1 Sequence of Events 6.2 Precautionary Measures for Contingency 7 Theoretical Impacts on Electrical Parameters Due to ‘Reverse Feeding’ of PTR 7.1 Higher Inrush Current 7.2 Reversed Tap Changing Operations 8 Challenges Overcame During the Arrangement 8.1 Establishing Percentage Impedance of PTR 8.2 Unnecessary Circulating Current Between the PTRs 9 Major Benefits Gained 10 Risks Perceived 11 Future Potential Cyber Physical Security of the Critical Infrastructure 1 Introduction 2 Consequences of Cyber Security Failures 3 Challenges 4 Objectives of Cyber Security 5 Cyber Security Threats 6 Sources of Cyber Security Threats 7 Cyber Security Tools and Methodology 8 Network Architecture 9 Present Preparedness of Cyber Security in Indian Transmission Sector 10 Top 10 Vulnerabilities 11 Conclusion References Review of Charging Infrastructure Pilot Projects: Global Scenario and Lessons Learnt 1 Introduction 2 Overview of Charging Infrastructure Planning 3 Global Scenario 4 Pilot Projects Executed Globally 4.1 India 4.2 The United States of America 4.3 The European Union 5 Charging Standards 5.1 Conductive Charging 5.2 Inductive Charging 5.3 Battery Swapping 6 Lessons Learnt 7 Way Ahead 8 Conclusion References Solar—Wind Hybrid System for Optimized Planning and Coordination of Hybrid Renewable Energy 1 Introduction 2 Morden Hybrid Systems 3 Modelling of Different Systems 4 Simulation Results 5 Conclusion References Global Product in Local Need—Impact of Environment Over Smart Grid IED/Electronic Equipment 1 Introduction 2 Methodology Adopted 2.1 Root Cause Analysis of IED’s Failure 2.2 Conducting Environment Study 3 Results of Environmental Studies and Impact 4 Conclusions and Way Forward References A System Design Using IoT, IEC61508, IEC61850, and IEEE C37.X to Improve Reliability of Smart Grid 1 Introduction 2 The Relevant Standards 3 Improving the Reliability of the Smart Grid 3.1 The System Design 3.2 The Working 4 The Design Constraints 5 Conclusion and Further Research References Know Your Electricity Consumption 1 KYEC for Commercial and Industrial Consumers 2 KYEC for Residential Customer 3 What’s Unique in KYEC 4 How Does KYEC Work 5 Key Challenges Faced 6 Benefit to Company 7 Benefit to Consumers Self Submission of Meter Readings(MR) 1 Self Meter Reading Submission Introduction 2 Process to Submit Self MR 2.1 Self MR Submission Through Mobile App 2.2 Self-MR Submission Through NPCL Website 3 Self-MR Submission Through SMS(Keyword) References Experience of Battery Energy Storage System by TATA Power DDL 1 Introduction 2 Challenges for Distribution Utility 2.1 Challenges 2.2 Need of BESS for Dsitribution System 3 Journey of BESS 3.1 Architecture 3.2 Array Constrcution 3.3 Safety Aspects 3.4 Human Machine Interface and DAS 4 Application Demonstration 4.1 Frequency Regulation 4.2 Deviation Settlement Mechanism 4.3 Reactive Power Management 4.4 Operational Performance of BESS 4.5 Community Storgae 5 Conclusions and Wayforward References Paperless and Contactless Operations in Distribution Services 1 Introduction 2 Various Initiatives 2.1 Dynamic Forms (GIS) 2.2 Digital Shift Handing Over Take Over 2.3 UVC Sanitizer Box 2.4 Samarthya App 2.5 CBM 2.6 RCM 2.7 Social Distancing Alarm 2.8 Daily Dashboard/Complaint Management 2.9 Mechanized Winch Machine for Pulling Cables 2.10 Remote Site Monitoring Using Camera on Site 2.11 Unmanned Operations—Use of PTZ Cameras for Monitoring 2.12 Automation and LoRa 3 Conclusions Electric Vehicle Adoption and Penetration in India: Charging Infrastructure and Distribution Grid Upgrades as Vital Goals 1 Introduction 2 Enabling Ecosystem 3 India’s Strengths and Advantages 4 Guidelines on E-Mobility and Infrastructure 5 Distribution Grid Upgrades 6 Commercial Trade Offs 7 Conclusion References Disruptive Innovation in Utilities 1 Introduction 2 Challenges 3 Purpose of Technologies in Utilities 4 Edge Computing 5 Quantum Computing 6 Robotics 7 Conclusion References GeoUrja—An Innovative GIS Solutions for an Electrical Network 1 Introduction 2 Limitations of the Present System? 3 Inovative Solution—GeoUrja 4 Easy Survey Mobile Application 5 GeoUrja—Dashboards 6 Outcome 7 Result Achieved/Value Delivered to the Beneficiary 8 Conclusions New Trends in Smart Billing and It’s Efficiency for Smart Cities 1 Introduction 1.1 Objectives and Scope of Work 2 Conventional Method Spot Billing Machine (SBM) 3 New Trends in Smart Billing Using Android Mobile Application Technology 4 Smart Meter Billing 5 Billing Efficiency 6 Conclusion References Enabling Smart Energy Communities Through PEER Strategies 1 Introduction 2 Need For Smart Energy Communities 3 Technologies that Enable Smart Energy Communities 3.1 Microgrids and Distributed Energy Resources 3.2 Communications Network and Monitoring Systems 4 Cyber Security of Smart Energy Infrastructure 5 PEER Project Case Study 6 Conclusion References Distributed Ledger Technology Based Common GIS Map for All Domains in a Smart City 1 Introduction 2 Blockchain/Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) 3 Proposed System 4 Prototype 5 Future Work 6 Conclusion References Developing a Regulatory Approach to Enable EV Application as a Virtual Power Plant 1 Introduction 2 Objective and Scope of Work 3 Investigation 3.1 Key Regulatory Instruments and the Experience of Advanced EV Markets 3.2 Regulatory Interventions That Are Important for Participation of EVs in VPP 3.3 Implementation Models for EV Application as a VPP 3.4 Need for Communication Standards 4 Major Findings on the Indian Market References Flexibility Operation of Hydro Power Station: A Case Study on 9PM9Minutes Event on 5th April 2020 1 Introduction 2 Pan India Lights Switch-off Event—9PM9Minutes on 5th April 2020 2.1 Challenges/Preparedness 2.2 Real Time Event Monitoring and Analysis 2.3 All India Demand and Generation 2.4 Hydro Power: Necessity For Power System Stability & Security 2.5 Voltage Control & Reactive Power Management 3 Conclusion Reference Artificial Intelligence (AI) Powered Customer Care 1 Introduction 2 The Business Case 3 The Platform 3.1 Virtual Agents 3.2 Predictive Customer Care Analytics 3.3 Customer 360° View 4 Conclusion Strategy and Workplan for Rollout of Smart Meters in Prepaid Mode 1 Introduction 2 Conventional Post-paid to Smart Prepaid (Strategies) 3 Non-smart Stand Alone Prepaid to Smart Prepaid (Strategies) 4 Technical Workplan 5 Application Programming Interfaces (API) 6 Separate Tariff Structure for Smart Prepaid Consumers Reference Optimizing Electric Vehicle Charging with Charging Data Analytics 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Data Description 2.2 Solution Framework 3 Results 4 Limitations 5 Conclusion References Towards Smart Utilization, Maintenance and Planning of Distribution Transformers Using Smart Meter Data 1 Introduction 2 Smart Meter Overview 3 National Smart Grid Mission—Smart Meters 4 Benefits of Smart Grid Deployments 5 National Tariff Policy for Smart Meters 6 Smart DT Meters Parameters and Data Availability 7 Introduction of Unbalance Factors in Voltage and Current 8 Causes of Unbalance in Distribution System 9 Unbalance Formulation 9.1 Symmetrical Sequences 9.2 Average of Three Phases Values 10 Unbalance Effects 10.1 Power Loss 10.2 Energy Loss 10.3 Loading Capability of Unbalanced Transformers 11 Unbalance Standards and Limits 11.1 Voltage Unbalance 11.2 Current Unbalance 11.3 Power Unbalance 12 Case Study: TPDDL 13 Other Smart Meters Usage 13.1 Calculation of Peak Load of HVDS Transformers Using Consumer Smart Meters 14 Case Study: Zone 521 Pooth Khurd 14.1 Asset Optimisation Smart LT Network Equipment: Introduction of Smart, Compact & Aesthetic LT Feeder Pillar 1 Introduction 2 Ease of Use 2.1 Problems with Existing Designs 2.2 New Age Hexagonal Feeder Pillar 3 Advantages Over Earlier Designs Asset Performance Management Using Machine Learning 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Asset Pefomance Management 3.1 Proactive Asset Management—Approach 3.2 Asset Performance Management—Pre-requisites 3.3 Asset Performance Management—Functions 3.4 APM Using AI/ML—Approach 4 Case Study—APM in Discom 4.1 Problem Statement 4.2 Approach 4.3 Objective of the Modeling 4.4 AHI Visualization/Dashboards 5 Challenges in Implementation of APM in Indian Utilities 6 Conclusion References Electric Cooking—The Way Forward 1 Introduction 2 Cooking Energy Scenario in India 2.1 LPG and PNG Programs 3 Electric Cooking—The Way Forward 4 Electric Cooking—Balancing the Load on the Grid 4.1 Electric Cooking—Saving Billions in Forex and Generating New Jobs 4.2 Electric Cooking—Helping Meet NDC Goals 5 Recommendations Appendix A: List of Electric Cooking Appliances with Indicative Prices Sustainable Air Conditioing with District Cooling System (DCS) 1 Executive Summary 2 Introduction 3 DCS and the Electric Grid 4 Cooling as a Service 5 Gift City—First DCS in India 6 Other DCS Initiatives in India 6.1 Amaravati District Cooling Scheme 6.2 District Energy in Cities Initiative of the United Nations Environment Program 6.3 Chiller Plant Optimization Case Study at Taj Palace, New Delhi New Revenue Opportunities For Utilities 1 New Revenue Opportunities Enabled by Digitalization of the Power Sector 1.1 Customer Data 1.2 Billing and Collection System 1.3 Smart Meter Data and Energy Consumption Profile 1.4 GIS Maps 1.5 Automation Systems—SCADA/DMS, DA and SA, DERMS 1.6 Outage Management System (OMS) and Mobile Workforce Management System (MWFM) 1.7 Call Centers and Call Data Archives 2 New Services and Revenue Opportunities from Unlocking Existing Infrastructure and Services 2.1 Selling Rooftop PV (RTPV) Systems 2.2 Selling Energy Efficient (Star-Rated) and Smart Appliances 2.3 Promotion of Electric Cooking 2.4 Selling Electric Vehicle Chargers 2.5 Selling Batteries for Energy Storage and Other Applications 2.6 Communication Bandwidth 2.7 Smart Homes: Grid Interactive Buildings and Appliances 2.8 Unlocking the Value of Substation Land: Commercialization of Surplus Land by Conversion of Existing Substations to Gas Insulated Substations (GIS) 2.9 Unlocking the Value of Lamp Poles and Towers 2.10 Maintenance Services 2.11 Cooling as a Service—District Cooling Systems 3 Conclusion References