Iowa's Remarkable Soils: The Story of Our Most Vital Resource and How We Can Save It (Bur Oak Book)

Sometimes called “black gold,” Iowa’s deep, rich soils are a treasure that formed over thousands of years under the very best of the world’s grasslands—the tallgrass prairie. The soils are diverse and complex and hold within them a record not only of Iowa’s prehistoric past, but also of the changes that took place after settlers utterly transformed the land, as well as the ongoing adjustments taking place today due to climate change. In language that is scientifically sound but accessible to the layperson, Kathleen Woida explains how soils formed and have changed over centuries and millennia in the land between two rivers. Its soils are what make Iowa a premier agricultural state, both in terms of acres planted and bushels harvested. But in the last hundred years, large-scale intensive agriculture and urban development have severely degraded most of our soils. However, as Woida documents, some innovative Iowans are beginning to repair and regenerate their soils by treating them as the living ecosystem and vast carbon store that they are. To paraphrase Aldo Leopold, these new pioneers are beginning to see their soils as part of a community to which they and their descendants belong, rather than commodities belonging to them. "Sometimes called "black gold," Iowa's deep, rich soils are a treasure that formed over thousands of years under the very best of the world's grasslands, the tall-grass prairie, which produced the finest soils in the world. They are diverse and complex, and hold within them a record not only of Iowa's prehistoric past, but also of the changes that took place after settlers came from the east and utterly transformed the land, and of the changes taking place today in response to global warming. In language that is scientifically sound but accessible to the layperson, this book explains the nuts and bolts of what makes up a soil, how soils slowly formed over centuries and millennia in the land between two rivers, and how hundreds of scientists have classified and mapped them on all of Iowa's 36 million acres. Its soils are what made Iowa a premier agricultural state, both in terms of acres planted and bushels harvested. But in the last hundred years, large-scale intensive agriculture and urban development have severely degraded most of our soils. Add Iowa's rolling, often steep topography to the equation, and for decades we have had the dubious distinction of leading the nation in soil erosion. The water running off of fields and lawns-over soils too compacted and degraded to "drink" the rain-carries soil, fertilizers, and pesticides to our streams and lakes. But some innovative Iowans are beginning to repair and regenerate their soils by treating them as the living ecosystem and vast carbon store that they are. To paraphrase Aldo Leopold, these new pioneers are beginning to see their soils as part of a community to which they and their descendants belong, rather than commodities belonging to them. And they are eagerly spreading the word"-- Provided by publisher Contents Acknowledgments Preface Introduction Part One. The Inheritance: Fertile Black Gold One. Profiles of the Underground Two. Wealth in Diversity Three. The Stories They Can Tell Four. Soils on Iowa’s Hidden Landscapes Part Two. The Sixth Factor: People, Agriculture, and Soils Five. Reaping the Bounty Six. Squandering the Inheritance Seven. Rediscovering the Living Soil Eight. Stories from the Field Nine. Soils, Climate Change, and the Future Glossary Bibliography Index