Invasive aquatic species of Europe : distribution, impacts and management

The global scale of alien species invasions is becoming more and more evident in the beginning ofthe new millennium. Though the problem ofbiological invasions became a rapidly growing research area, there are large gaps still, both geographically and the­ matically, to be filled in the near future. This book is the first attempt to provide an overall picture of aquatic species invasions in Europe. Its geographical scope stretches from Irish waters in the west to Volga River and the Caspian Sea in the east, and from Mediterranean in the south up to the Arctic coast of Europe. Not all parts of the continent could be equally covered, as in some countries species invasions are not studied yet. The book tends to represent the array of all major European aquatic systems on the broadest geographical and ecological scope possible from fully saline seas, semi-enclosed brackish water bodies and coastallagoons to freshwater lakes, major river systems and waterways. The key objectives include the present status and impacts caused by non-native aquatic species in European waters. Please note that lengthy species lists submitted for publication and additional informa­ tion were put on the Internet, as the electronical version of these tables benefits from computer assisted search for data (http://www. ku. lt/nemo/EuroAquaInvaders. htm). Altogether more than 100 scientists from 24 countries have joined to synthesize the available information on bioinvasions. However, the book does not claim to be fully comprehensive. Front Matter....Pages i-ix Alien Species in European Waters....Pages 1-6 Bioinvasion Ecology: Assessing Invasion Impact and Scale....Pages 7-19 Protists — A Dominant Component of the Ballast-Transported Biota....Pages 20-26 Introduced Marine Algae and Vascular Plants in European Aquatic Environments....Pages 27-52 Coscinodiscus Wailesii — a Nuisance Diatom in European Waters....Pages 53-55 The Comb Jelly Mnemiopsis Leidyi in the Black Sea....Pages 56-61 The Predatory Water Flea Cercopagis Pengoi in the Baltic Sea: Invasion History, Distribution and Implications to Ecosystem Dynamics....Pages 62-65 History and Success of an Invasion into the Baltic Sea: The Polychaete Marenzelleria cf. Viridis , Development and Strategies....Pages 66-75 Alien Crayfish in Europe: Negative and Positive Impacts and Interactions with Native Crayfish....Pages 76-95 Invasion History, Biology and Impacts of the Baikalian Amphipod Gmelinoides Fasciatus ....Pages 96-103 Ponto-Caspian Amphipods and Mysids in the Inland Waters of Lithuania: History of Introduction, Current Distribution and Relations with Native Malacostracans....Pages 104-115 Teredo Navalis — the Cryptogenic Shipworm....Pages 116-119 Introduction and Acclimatisation of the Pacific Carpet Clam, Tapes Philippinarum , To Italian Waters....Pages 120-126 Dreissena (D.) Polymorpha : Evolutionary Origin and Biological Peculiarities as Prerequisites of Invasion Success....Pages 127-134 Zebra Mussel: Impacts and Spread....Pages 135-146 Red King Crab ( Paralithodes Camtshaticus ) and Pink Salmon ( Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ) in the Barents Sea....Pages 147-152 Alien Freshwater Fishes of Europe....Pages 153-161 Introduced Semiaquatic Birds and Mammals in Europe....Pages 162-172 Genetics on Invasive Species....Pages 173-182 Vectors — How Exotics Get Around....Pages 183-192 Oyster Imports as a Vector for the Introduction of Alien Species into Northern and Western European Coastal Waters....Pages 193-205 Exotics for Stocking and Aquaculture, Making Correct Decisions....Pages 206-216 Life in Ballast Tanks....Pages 217-231 Ballast Tank Sediments....Pages 232-234 Biological Invasions in The White Sea....Pages 235-239 Introduced Marine Organisms in Norwegian Waters, Including Svalbard....Pages 240-252 The Baltic Sea — A Field Laboratory for Invasion Biology....Pages 253-259 Introduced Marine Species of the North Sea Coasts....Pages 260-266 Exotics of Coastal and Inland Waters of Ireland and Britain....Pages 267-275 Open Atlantic Coast of Europe — A Century of Introduced Species into French Waters....Pages 276-290 Review of Non-Native Marine Plants in the Mediterranean Sea....Pages 291-310 Current Status of Aquatic Introductions in Italy....Pages 311-324 A Sea Change — Exotics in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea....Pages 325-336 The Marmara Sea, a Link between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea....Pages 337-340 The Black Sea — A Recipient, Donor and Transit Area for Alien Species....Pages 341-350 Invaders in the Caspian Sea....Pages 351-359 Invasions by Alien Species in Inland Freshwater Bodies in Western Europe: The Rhine Delta....Pages 360-372 Biological Invasions into German Waters: An Evaluation of the Importance of Different Human-Mediated Vectors for Nonindigenous Macrozoobenthic Species....Pages 373-383 Invasive Ponto-Caspian Species in Waters of the Vistula and Oder Basins and the Southern Baltic Sea....Pages 384-398 The Caspian-Volga-Baltic Invasion Corridor....Pages 399-411 Ecological Impact of Ponto-Caspian Invaders in the Baltic Sea, European Inland Waters and the Great Lakes: An Inter-Ecosystem Comparison....Pages 412-425 Fast Turnover in Dominance of Exotic Species in the Rhine River Determines Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function: An Affair Between Amphipods and Mussels....Pages 426-432 Impacts of Zebra Mussels on Aquatic Communities and their Role as Ecosystem Engineers....Pages 433-446 Hazard Analysis of Aquatic Species Invasions....Pages 447-455 Risk Assessment of Marine Biological Invasions....Pages 456-466 Risk Based Methodology to Assess Invasive Aquatic Species in Ballast Water....Pages 467-476 Nature Conservation Implications of Marine Biological Invasions....Pages 477-483 Preventive Treatment and Control Techniques for Ballast Water....Pages 484-507 The Biological Efficacy of Open Ocean Exchange — Implications for Ballast Water Management....Pages 508-510 Filtration as a Ballast Water Treatment Measure....Pages 511-519 Databases on Aquatic Alien Species: North and Mediterranean Seas and Non-European Initiatives....Pages 520-524 Internet Database on Alien Species in the Baltic Sea....Pages 525-528 Toward Understanding Patterns of Coastal Marine Invasions: A Prospectus....Pages 529-547 Back Matter....Pages 548-583

This book is the first attempt to provide an overall picture of aquatic species invasions in Europe. Its geographical scope stretches from Irish waters in the west to the Volga River and the Caspian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the south up to the Arctic coast of Europe. Not all parts of the continent could be covered equally, as in some countries species invasions are not yet studied. The book represents the array of all major European aquatic systems in the broadest geographical and ecological scope possible, from fully saline seas, semi-enclosed brackish water bodies and coastal lagoons to freshwater lakes, major river systems and waterways. The key objectives include the present status and impacts on economy and environment caused by non-native aquatic species in European waters. Altogether more than 100 scientists from 24 countries have joined together to synthesize the available information on bio-invasions.