Invasive Animals and Plants in Massachusetts Lakes and Rivers : Lessons for International Aquatic Management

There is a growing demand for appropriate management of aquatic invasive species in lakes and rivers worldwide. This book covers biology, invasion ecology, sightings, and control techniques of 4 invasive animals and 15 invasive plants in Massachusetts lakes and rivers. It provides valuable information on their biological characteristics and potential expansion pathways, as well as monitoring and management, including alternative management tools using updated biological, chemical, and mechanical methods. The book also includes the regulation of invasive species management to allow resource managers, biologists, practitioners, volunteers, and students a better understanding of compliance and enforcement with environmental law. An example of successful management is highlighted for each invasive species. Invasive Animals and Plants in Massachusetts Lakes and Rivers is the first book to provide comprehensive and systematic coverage and illustrations for both freshwater invasive animals and plants. Although focussing on Massachusetts, it will provide readers with the bigger picture on multiple invasive species, from prevention, early detection, control, ecological restoration, to public education. Natural resource managers in Massachusetts and surrounding states will glean the detailed and valuable information they need to learn and use to prevent and manage freshwater invasive species in the field. Cover Half Title Title Copyright Contents Foreword Acknowledgments Disclaimer Author Biography Chapter 1 Introduction to Freshwater Invasive Species in Massachusetts Abstract Introduction The 19 Invasive Species in MA Lakes and Rivers Spread of Freshwater Invasive Species Climate Change on Freshwater Invasive Species Ecological and Economical Damage Management Public Education and Awareness Prevention Early Detection and Rapid Response (EDRR) Early Detection and Monitoring Rapid Response Control and Containment Physical Removal Chemical Treatment Biological Control Regulation and Permitting Regulation Permitting Order of Conditions 401 Water Quality Certification (Dredge) WM 04 Chemical Application License MESA-associated Permits Weakness and Strength References Chapter 2 Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Abstract Introduction Ecological Impacts Economic Impacts Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Chemical Treatment Physical Treatment Biological Treatment Success Stories Benthic Barrier Control of Asian Clams Dry Ice Study References Chapter 3 Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) Abstract Introduction Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Success Story References Chapter 4 Chinese Mystery Snail (Bellamya chinensis) Abstract Introduction Native and Invasive Range, Mechanisms of Spread Ecological Impacts Human Impacts Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Chemical Control Physical Control Biological (Ecological) Control Success Story References Chapter 5 Northern Snakehead (Channa argus) Abstract Introduction Native and Invasive Range, Mechanisms of Spread Ecological Impacts Human Risks and Benefits Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Chemical Control Physical Control Biological (Ecological) Control Success Stories MacQuilliam Pond, Crofton, Maryland Ridgebury Lake References Chapter 6 Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) Abstract Introduction Ecological Effects Economic Impacts Native and Invasive Range Vectors of Spread Monitoring and Sightings Management Success Story Pickerel Pond in Maine Cayuga Lake and Fall Creek in New York References Chapter 7 Curly-leaf Pondweed (Potamogeton crispus) Abstract Introduction Curly-leaf Pondweed as an Invasive Species Ecological Impact Economic Impact Positive Aspects Monitoring and Sightings Management Mechanical and Physical Methods Chemical Methods Prevention Methods Success Story References Chapter 8 Eurasian Milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) and Variable Milfoil (Myriophyllum heterophyllum) Abstract Introduction Biology of Eurasian Milfoil and Variable Milfoil Native Range Invasive Range Ecological Impacts Economic Impacts Monitoring and Sightings Management Eurasian Milfoil Variable Milfoil Success Story Conclusion References Chapter 9 Parrot-feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum) Abstract Introduction Native and Invasive Range, Mechanisms of Spread Ecological and Human Impacts Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Chemical Control Physical Control Biological Control Insect Control Agents Fish and Mammal Control Agents Success Story References Chapter 10 Carolina Fanwort (Cabomba caroliniana) Abstract Introduction Basic Biology Native Range Invasive Range Mechanisms/Vectors of Spread Ecological Impacts Economic Impacts Positive Aspects Monitoring and Sighting Data Management Options Success Story References Chapter 11 European Naiad (Najas minor) Abstract Introduction Basic Biology Native and Invasive Range Mechanisms/Vectors of Spread Ecological Impacts Economic Impacts Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Chemical Control Physical Control Biological Control Success Story References Chapter 12 South American Waterweed (Egeria densa) Abstract Introduction Native and Invasive Range Spread and Impacts Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Chemical Control Physical Control Biological Control Success Stories Chemical Control Domestic Ducks as Biological Control References Chapter 13 Swollen Bladderwort (Utricularia inflata) Abstract Introduction Native and Invasive Range Vectors of Spread Ecological Impacts Economic Impacts Positive Effects Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Success Story Conclusion References Chapter 14 Water Chestnut (Trapa natans) Abstract Introduction Basic Biology Native Range Invasive Range Ecological Impact Economic Impact Positive Aspects Monitoring and Sightings Management Actions Physical Control Biological Control Chemical Control Success Story Connecticut River Watershed Conclusion References Chapter 15 Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Abstract Introduction Biology Native and Invasive Range Mechanisms/Vectors of Spread Ecological Impacts Economic Impacts Utilization of Water Hyacinth Monitoring and Sightings Management Physical Chemical Biological Success Story Remaining Challenges References Chapter 16 European Waterclover (Marsilea quadrifolia L.) Abstract Introduction Biology Native and Invasive Range Mechanisms/Vectors of Spread Ecological Impacts Economic Impacts Positive Aspects Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Success Story References Chapter 17 Yellow Floating Heart (Nymphoides peltata) Abstract Introduction Basic Biology Native Range Invasive Range Mechanisms/Vectors of Spread Ecological Impacts Economic Impacts Positive Aspects Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Physical Methods Chemical Methods Biological Methods Success Story Conclusion References Chapter 18 Common Reed Grass (Phragmites australis) Abstract Introduction Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Chemical Control Physical Control Biological Control General Management Plans Success Story References Appendix A: Latitude and Longitude for Each Waterbody with Phragmites australis Chapter 19 Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) Abstract Introduction Basic Biology Ecological and Economic Impacts Monitoring and Sightings Managing Actions Chemical Techniques Mechanical or Physical Techniques Biological Techniques Success Story References Appendix I MassDEP Equipment Decontamination Protocol Appendix II A Guide for Using Hand Pulling and Benthic Barriers to Control Aquatic Invasive Species Pioneer Populations (Modified from MA DCR 2007) Appendix III Literature Research of Chemical Control Methods on 19 Invasive Species Appendix IV Laws and Statutes Pertaining to Aquatic Invasive/Nuisance Species in the New England States and New York Index