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Introductory Immunology: Basic Concepts for Interdisciplinary Applications, Second Edition is a completely updated, revised and expanded resource on the immune system as a primary defense for the maintenance of health and homeostasis. The book highlights the components of the human immune system and how they work together to confer protection against pathogenic invaders. It also creates an understanding of the basis for clinical tests and immune therapeutics and their importance in identifying and treating disease states. This updated edition will strengthen the foundation required to understand the placement of immune function within clinical practice, thus allowing a basic platform to define therapeutic treatments. Key Features Creates appreciation for the components of the human immune system that work together to confer lifelong protection Provides core knowledge in immunology to build a foundation to explore mechanisms involved in clinical disease Breaks down all immunology concepts into manageable, logically digestible building blocks Geared toward readers without medical, biochemical or cellular expertise Includes a glossary that provides functional definitions of complex terms Readership Researchers, (post) graduates, educated audience interested in immunology. Researchers, graduates, scientific audience outside of his/her area of expertise Front Cover......Page 1 Introductory Immunology: Basic Concepts for Interdisciplinary Applications......Page 4 Copyright......Page 5 Dedication......Page 6 Contents......Page 8 Preface......Page 12 Acknowledgments......Page 16 Immune Homeostasis......Page 18 Self versus Nonself......Page 19 Innate and Adaptive Immunity......Page 20 Anatomy of the Immune System......Page 22 Cells of the Immune System......Page 25 First-Line Defenders: The Myeloid Cells......Page 27 Lymphocytes......Page 29 Summary......Page 31 Inflammation......Page 34 Initiation of the Inflammatory Response......Page 36 The Role of Antibodies in Inflammation......Page 37 Biological Functions of Complement......Page 38 Activation and Directed Migration of Leukocytes......Page 39 Pathogen Recognition and Cytokine Signaling......Page 40 Feedback and Adaptation From a Distance......Page 41 Pathological Consequences of the Inflammatory Response......Page 46 Summary......Page 47 B Lymphocytes Produce Antibodies......Page 48 Structural Characteristics of Immunoglobulins......Page 49 Immunoglobulin Nomenclature......Page 52 IgM......Page 53 IgG......Page 54 IgA......Page 55 Kinetics of Antibody Response......Page 56 Gene Recombination......Page 57 Activation and Differentiation of B Cells......Page 59 Summary......Page 60 T Lymphocytes: Specific and Long-Lasting Immunity......Page 62 T-Cell Development......Page 63 The HLA Locus......Page 66 MHC Class I......Page 67 T Lymphocyte Functions......Page 69 CD4+ T-Helper Cells......Page 71 Events Involved in T Lymphocyte Activation......Page 72 Role of T Cells in B-Cell Activation......Page 74 CD8+ T Cells......Page 75 γδ T Cells......Page 76 Natural Killer T (NKT) Cells......Page 77 Summary......Page 78 Immune Homeostasis and Pathogenic Organisms......Page 80 Major Immune Defense Mechanisms Against Pathogens......Page 81 Inflammatory Barriers......Page 82 Bacterial Infections......Page 83 Microbial Motifs Detected Through Pattern-Recognition Receptors......Page 86 Mycobacterial Infections......Page 88 Viral Infections......Page 90 Human Immunodeficiency Virus......Page 92 Parasitic Infections (Helminths)......Page 93 Fungal Infections......Page 94 Evasion of Immune Response......Page 95 Summary......Page 96 Immunodeficiency Disorders......Page 98 Innate Deficiencies......Page 99 Complement Disorders......Page 100 Adaptive Immune Disorders......Page 101 Common Variable Immunodeficiency......Page 102 Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome......Page 103 Treatment of Immunodeficiency Diseases......Page 104 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)......Page 106 Summary......Page 107 Homeostasis, Immune Regulation, and Autoimmunity......Page 108 Tolerance to Self......Page 109 Etiology of Autoimmune Disease......Page 111 Role of Autoantibodies and Self-Reactive T Lymphocytes in Autoimmune Disorders......Page 115 Laboratory Tests for Autoimmunity......Page 117 Targeted Therapeutics......Page 118 Summary......Page 119 Hypersensitive Disorders......Page 120 Type I Hypersensitivity: Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-Mediated Immediate Hypersensitivity......Page 121 Type II Hypersensitivity: Antibody-Mediated Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity......Page 122 Type III Hypersensitivity: Immune Complex-Mediated Hypersensitivity......Page 124 Type IV Hypersensitivity: Delayed-Type (Cell-Mediated) Hypersensitivity......Page 125 Summary......Page 127 Principles of Vaccination......Page 128 Basic Concepts of Protective Immunization......Page 129 Age and Timing of Immunizations......Page 131 Passive Immunization......Page 135 Therapeutic Uses of Immunoglobulins......Page 136 Summary......Page 137 Understanding Immune Defenses Against Cancers......Page 140 Tumor Antigens......Page 141 Natural Killer (NK) Cells and Innate Response to Tumor Cells......Page 142 Adaptive Response to Tumor Cells......Page 143 Tumors of the Immune System......Page 145 Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy......Page 146 Summary......Page 148 Transplantation Defined......Page 150 Tissue Histocompatibility......Page 151 Human Leukocyte Antigens......Page 152 Allograft Rejection......Page 153 Accelerated Rejection......Page 154 Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD)......Page 155 Pretransplantation Histocompatibility Evaluation......Page 156 Immunosuppressive Drugs to Prevent Allograft Rejection......Page 157 Immunosuppressive Therapy......Page 158 Summary......Page 159 Antibody-Antigen Reactions......Page 160 Affinity......Page 161 Secondary Manifestations of Antibody-Antigen Binding......Page 162 Solid-Phase Precipitation Assays......Page 165 Radial Immunodiffusion......Page 166 Lateral Flow......Page 167 Western Blot......Page 168 Enzyme-Linked Immunoadsorbent Assay (ELISA)......Page 169 Immunohistochemistry......Page 171 Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) Analysis......Page 172 Assays to Determine Immune Function......Page 174 Complement Fixation Test......Page 175 Monoclonal Antibodies......Page 176 Microarrays......Page 177 Summary......Page 178 Glossary......Page 180 Index......Page 188 Back Cover......Page 196

Introductory Immunology: Basic Concepts for Interdisciplinary Applications, Second Edition is a completely updated, revised and expanded resource on the immune system as a primary defense for the maintenance of health and homeostasis. The book highlights the components of the human immune system and how they work together to confer protection against pathogenic invaders. It also creates an understanding of the basis for clinical tests and immune therapeutics and their importance in identifying and treating disease states. This updated edition will strengthen the foundation required to understand the placement of immune function within clinical practice, thus allowing a basic platform to define therapeutic treatments.

• Creates appreciation for the components of the human immune system that work together to confer lifelong protection
• Provides core knowledge in immunology to build a foundation to explore mechanisms involved in clinical disease
• Breaks down all immunology concepts into manageable, logically digestible building blocks
• Geared toward readers without medical, biochemical or cellular expertise
• Includes a glossary that provides functional definitions of complex terms