Introduction to Hydrogeology: Unesco-IHE Delft Lecture Note Series (UNESCO-IHE Lecture Note Series)

Providing an introduction to the crucially important topic of groundwater, this text covers all major fields of hydrogeology and includes outlines of the occurrence of groundwater in various rock types, the movement and storage of groundwater, the formulation of groundwater balances, the development of groundwater chemistry, as well as the practical application of hydrogeology for groundwater development. Following a unique systems approach to describe and connect its various elements, the text also explores a large selection of examples of groundwater cases from various parts of the world. In addition, theoretical sections and examples are illustrated with a number of drawings, photos and computer printouts. Suitable for education in hydrogeology at postgraduate and graduate level, the text is also a useful reference tool for professionals and decision-makers involved in water or water-related activities. In the revised paperback edition of Introduction to Hydrogeology (February 2006), suggestions of reviewers, students and collaegues have been taken into account. This means that more attention is paid to the processes in the unsaturated zone, especially those relating to groundwater recharge. Also, in the revised edition, the investigation methods are highlighted in the sections where the related theory is dealt with, and they are not presented in the last chapter on groundwater management. Chapter titles are re-named and some definitions are adjusted. The References and Bibliography section is also extended, some figures are improved, and the unevitable ‘typing errors’ are corrected as well. Introduction to Hydrogeology......Page 3 Contents......Page 5 Foreword......Page 7 1.1.1 The scope of the science......Page 9 1.1.2 The application of hydrogeology......Page 10 1.1.3 Historical background of the science......Page 13 1.1.4 History of groundwater use......Page 16 1.2.1 The concept of hydrological systems......Page 18 1.2.2 Water at land surface......Page 23 1.2.3 Surface water systems......Page 29 1.2.4 The unsaturated zone......Page 32 1.2.5 Groundwater systems......Page 36 2.1.1 Physical properties of water and rock......Page 45 2.1.2 Groundwater system terminology......Page 52 2.2.1 Groundwater systems in metamorphic and intrusive rock......Page 58 2.2.2 Development of aquifers in volcanic rock......Page 62 2.2.3 Aquifer formation in consolidated sediments......Page 65 2.2.4 Unconsolidated sediments and groundwater systems......Page 72 3.1.1 Groundwater flow in unconsolidated rock......Page 77 3.1.2 Groundwater flow in consolidated rock......Page 91 3.2.1 Basic concepts......Page 95 3.2.2 Regional groundwater flow......Page 99 3.2.3 Local groundwater flow......Page 120 3.3.1 Formation of flow systems......Page 125 3.3.2 Flow computations......Page 128 4.1.1 The general concept......Page 131 4.1.2 Practical application of groundwater balances......Page 136 4.2.1 Basic concepts and recharge......Page 138 4.2.2 Discharge and storage......Page 146 4.2.3 Groundwater balances using flow computations and modelling......Page 149 4.3.1 Groundwater recharge and climate......Page 151 4.3.2 Groundwater balances and geology......Page 156 5.1.1 Chemical properties of water and rock......Page 165 5.1.2 Development of groundwater chemistry......Page 176 5.2.1 Groundwater chemistry in consolidated rocks......Page 184 5.2.2 Groundwater chemistry in unconsolidated rocks......Page 188 6.1.1 Water management......Page 191 6.1.2 The role of groundwater......Page 194 6.2.1 Water planning......Page 196 6.2.2 Investigation methods......Page 198 6.2.3 Groundwater monitoring......Page 211 6.3.1 Regional groundwater availability......Page 213 6.3.2 Groundwater demand......Page 222 6.3.3 Local groundwater development......Page 225 Assignment 4......Page 233 Assignment 4......Page 234 Exercise 3: Computation of regional groundwater flow......Page 235 Exercise 4: Groundwater flow in a groundwater system with a semiconfining layer......Page 236 Assignment 1......Page 237 Exercise 5: Groundwater modelling......Page 238 Assignment 2......Page 239 Assignment 5......Page 240 Exercise 6: The groundwater balance......Page 241 Exercise 7: Groundwater chemistry......Page 242 Assignment 2......Page 243 Assignment 2......Page 244 Assignment 7......Page 245 Assignment 12......Page 246 Selected answers to exercises......Page 247 References and Bibliography......Page 249 "This textbook gives an introduction to the scientific topic describing this resource: hydrogeology. The book covers all major fields in hydrogeology and includes outlines on the occurrence of groundwater in various rock types, the movement and storage of groundwater, the formulation of groundwater balances, and the development of groundwater chemistry. The practical application of hydrogeology for groundwater development is worked out in the last chapter. A unique systems approach has been followed to describe and connect the various elements contained in this book. In addition, a large selection of examples of groundwater cases from various parts of the world is taken up in the text. The theoretical parts and the examples are illustrated by a large number of drawings, photos and computer printouts."--Jacket