Intracranial pressure II : [proceedings of the second International Symposium on Intracranial Pressure

Since the early days of neurosurgery the management of patients with intracranial hypertension has formed part of the day-to-day routine of the neurosurgeon. The introduction of modem techniques for the clinical monitoring of the intracranial pressure (ICP) meant a firmer basis for the diagnosis and treatment of these patients but it also started a new research boom in the pathophysiology of ICP, and its integration with the intracranial dynamics and metabolism of the brain. This development was clearly demonstrated at the first ICP symposium which was most successfully arranged in 1972 by Hermann Dietz and Mario Brock at the Medizinische Hochschule of Hannover. The widespread interest in ICP problems which was so obviously demonstrated during this meeting evoked the idea that further ICP symposia might be warranted. At a final conference the organizers and members of the advisory board agreed that a second ICP symposium should be arranged two years later, and suggested that it should be held in Lund. This volume contains the papers presented at the Second ICP Symposium held in Lund on June 17-19, 1974. A total of 132 papers were submitted. 102 were accepted and included in the abstract volume which was issued to all participants beforehand. The selection was made by the organizing committee in co-operation with the advisory board and the chairmen. Front Matter....Pages I-XXIV A Presentation of Pierre Janny....Pages 1-3 Front Matter....Pages 5-5 After A Century: Henri Duret and Intracranial Pressure....Pages 6-9 Front Matter....Pages 11-11 Chairman”s Introduction....Pages 13-16 Co-chairman’s Summary....Pages 17-19 Formation of Cerebrospinal Fluid....Pages 20-23 Evidence for Bulk Flow of Cerebral Interstitial Fluid and its Possible Contribution to Cerebrospinal Fluid Production....Pages 24-27 Porous Nature of the Absorptive Mechanism....Pages 28-34 CSF Hydrodynamics Studied by Means of Constant Pressure Infusion Technique....Pages 35-41 Arachnoid Villi and Granulations....Pages 42-45 CSF Passage into the Superior Sagittal Sinus — Cinematographic Observations in Cats....Pages 46-49 The Definition of a Reduced CSF Absorption Syndrome: Clinical and Experimental Studies....Pages 50-53 CSF Dynamics: A Mathematical Approach....Pages 54-60 A Computer Model of CSF Dynamics....Pages 61-66 Front Matter....Pages 67-67 Chairman’s Introduction....Pages 69-76 Chairman’s Summary....Pages 77-78 Mechanical Basis of the CSF Pressure-Volume Curve....Pages 79-81 The Role of Spinal Subarachnoid Spaces in Compensation of Intracranial Hypertension....Pages 82-85 A Compartmental Analysis of Compliance and Outflow Resistance and the Effects of Elevated Blood Pressure....Pages 86-88 Volume Pressure Curves and Pial Vascular Pressure Gradients in the Rhesus Monkey....Pages 89-96 Volume-Pressure Response in Various Experimental and Clinical Conditions....Pages 97-100 Front Matter....Pages 67-67 Intracranial Pressure/Volume Relationship in Acute Experimental Water Intoxication....Pages 101-106 Volume Pressure Relationship in Clinical and Experimental Conditions of Raised ICP....Pages 107-112 Intracranial Pressure Course in Repeated Subarachnoid Hemorrhage....Pages 113-117 Front Matter....Pages 119-119 Co-chairman’s Introduction....Pages 121-124 Chairman’s Summary....Pages 125-127 Intracranial Pressure and Pathogenesis of “Normotensive” Hydrocephalus....Pages 128-132 CSF Pulse Wave Changes in Cases with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus....Pages 133-136 A Discussion on the Intracranial Pressure-Volume Relationship in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus....Pages 137-140 Continuous Intracranial Pressure Monitoring during Treatment of Neonatal Hydrocephalus by Cranial Compression....Pages 141-144 The Importance of “CSF Pressure-Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Dysautoregulation” in the Pathogenesis of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus....Pages 145-149 Cerebral Blood Volume in Dementia....Pages 150-152 The Cerebral Blood Flow in Low Pressure Hydrocephalus....Pages 153-159 Front Matter....Pages 161-161 Chairman’s Introduction....Pages 163-164 Co-chairman’s Summary....Pages 165-166 Neuropathological Alterations in Rat Brain after Complete Ischemia Due to Raised Intracranial Pressure....Pages 167-171 The Pathophysiologic, Morphologic, Metabolic, and Flow Consequences of Severe Experimental Intracranial Hypertension in the Rabbit....Pages 172-176 Intracranial Pressure after Prolonged Cerebral Ischemia....Pages 177-182 Effects of Intracranial Hypertension, Low-Pressure Hydrocephalus and Subsequent Ventriculo-Peritoneal Shunting on Monoamine Neurons in Rabbit Brain....Pages 183-188 Monoamine Metabolism in Rat Brain after Increased Intracranial Pressure....Pages 189-194 Correlation of ICP with CSF Lactate and Lactate/Pyruvate Ratios in Hydrocephalus....Pages 195-197 Front Matter....Pages 161-161 Cerebral Hemodynamics and Metabolism in Pseudotumor Cerebri....Pages 198-200 Front Matter....Pages 201-201 Chairmen’s Introduction and Comments....Pages 203-208 Methodology for Measuring Intracranial Parenchymal Pressure (ICPP)....Pages 209-210 An Evaluation of Static and Dynamic Properties of Tissue Pressure Catheters....Pages 211-214 Brain Tissue Pressure Gradients....Pages 215-220 Gradients of Brain Interstitial Fluid Pressure in Experimental Brain Infusion and Compression....Pages 221-223 Brain Tissue Pressure Gradients in Experimental Infarction Recorded by Multiple Wick-Type Transducers 1 ....Pages 224-228 Intracranial Pressure Gradients in Experimental Cerebral Infarction....Pages 229-232 Development of Pressure Gradients within Brain Tissue during the Formation of Vasogenic Brain Edema....Pages 233-238 Intracranial Pressure Gradients — Do they Exist?....Pages 239-241 The Use of Positive Contrast Ventriculography with Experimental Intracranial Hypertension....Pages 242-245 Front Matter....Pages 247-247 Chairman’s Introduction....Pages 249-253 Chairmen’s Comments....Pages 254-256 Some Aspects of Cerebrovascular Resistance in Raised Intracranial Pressure: An Experimental Study....Pages 257-262 Autoregulation of CBF in Conditions of Raised Intracranial Pressure in Primates....Pages 263-267 Analysis of Factors Contributing to Cerebrovascular Autoregulation....Pages 268-272 The Pressure Relationship between the Intracranial Subarachnoid Space and the Superior Sagittal Sinus of the Dog during Changes in aPO 2 , aPCO 2 and in Cerebral Perfusion Pressure....Pages 273-275 Intracranial Pressure and Intracerebral Steal....Pages 276-279 The Effect of Triethyl Tin Cerebral Edema on the Behavior, Blood Flow, Intracranial Pressure and Brain Water Content in the Rat....Pages 280-284 Cerebral Hemodynamics in Patients with ICP Elevation Due to Traumatic Brain Edema (abstract)....Pages 285-286 Front Matter....Pages 287-287 Chairman’s Introduction and Comments....Pages 289-292 Effect of Raised Intracranial Pressure on Pulmonary Function in Cats....Pages 293-297 Blood Pressure Response to Raised CSF Pressure....Pages 298-302 The Interrelations between Increased Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Ischemia, Cerebral Hypoxia, and Cerebral Hypercapnia on the Cushing Response....Pages 303-306 The Cushing Response — A Compensatory Mechanism or a Dangerous Phenomenon....Pages 307-310 Breathing Pattern, Response to CO 2 and Blood Gases in Cats with Experimental Increases in Intracranial Pressure....Pages 311-314 The Effects of Increased Intracranial Pressure on Respiratory Functions....Pages 315-318 The Role of Increased Intracranial Pressure in the Production of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema....Pages 319-323 Front Matter....Pages 325-325 Chairman’s Introduction....Pages 327-329 Chairmen’s Summary....Pages 330-333 Isoflurane and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure in Neurosurgery....Pages 334-336 Is There Any Indication for Halothane Anesthesia in Neurosurgical Procedures with Increased ICP Today?....Pages 337-341 Changes in Intracranial Pressure and Systemic Arterial Pressure during the Termination of Anaesthesia....Pages 342-344 The Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside on Intracranial Pressure and Autoregulation....Pages 345-349 Clinical Significance of TCP Measurements Following Intracranial Surgery....Pages 350-354 Effects of Dexamethasone on Clinical Condition, Intraventricular Pressure, Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Ventricular Fluid Composition in Six Patients with Malignant Gliomas....Pages 355-360 The Effect of Mannitol, Steroids and Hypocapnia on the Intracranial Volume/Pressure Response an Experimental and Clinical Study....Pages 361-364 Barbiturates and Hypothermia for Persistently Increased Intracranial Pressure....Pages 365-367 Front Matter....Pages 369-369 Chairmen’s Summaries and Comments....Pages 371-374 ICP Microprobes Series Microfet 1 ....Pages 375-376 Front Matter....Pages 369-369 Telemetric Measurement of Intracranial Pressure with an Electromagnetic Detector....Pages 377-377 A Miniature SFT Transducer for Continuous Monitoring of Intracranial Pressure....Pages 378-380 Simplification of Intracranial Pressure Monitoring....Pages 381-381 Pressure Indicating Bag (PIB)....Pages 382-383 Intracranial Pressure Measurement by Epidural Technique — A Simple Solution....Pages 384-385 The Hollow Screw Technique for Monitoring Intracranial Pressure....Pages 386-386 Multi-Channel Data Acquisition and Analysis in Clinical Practice....Pages 387-388 A New On-Line Portable ICP Data Processor....Pages 389-390 Amplitude Analysis of Intracranial Pressure Recordings....Pages 391-391 Determination of Critical ICP Levels in Neurosurgical Patients: A Statistical Approach....Pages 392-393 Epidural Intracranial Pressure Monitoring....Pages 394-396 Further Experiences with Extradural Pressure Monitoring....Pages 397-402 The Validity of Extradural Measurement of the Intracranial Pressure....Pages 403-408 Simultaneous Pressure-Depth Measurements of the Intracranial System Made Epidurally....Pages 409-415 Front Matter....Pages 417-417 Chairmen’s Comments....Pages 419-420 Observations in Intracranial Pressure Plateau Waves....Pages 421-426 Site and Mechanism of Vascular Stenosis under Increased Intracranial Pressure — Intracranial Venous Pressure Regulation Mechanism....Pages 427-432 The Effect of Intermittent Waves of Raised Intracranial Pressure on Cerebral Blood Flow: An Experimental Study in Primates....Pages 433-437 Changes in the Intracranial Dynamics Associated with Changes of the Intracranial Volume in Human....Pages 438-443 Effects of Hypercapnia on Pupillary Size, ICP and Cerebral Venous PO 2 during Experimental Brain Compression....Pages 444-446 Front Matter....Pages 417-417 Effects of Norepinephrine and Phentolamine on Increased Intracranial Pressure....Pages 447-452 Influence of Sympathetic Denervation on Intracranial Pressure....Pages 453-459 The Interpretation of Simultaneous Recordings in Patients of Breathing Pattern and Intracranial Pressure....Pages 460-463 Front Matter....Pages 465-465 Chairman’s Introduction and Comments....Pages 467-470 The Effect of Hypocapnia on Normal and Increased Intracranial Pressure in Cats and Rabbits....Pages 471-474 Intracranial Hypertension in Head Injury, Clinical Significance and Relation to Respiration....Pages 475-479 Controlled Cerebral Perfusion Pressure and Ventilation in Human Mechanical Brain Injury: Prevention of Progressive Brain Swelling....Pages 480-484 The Behaviour of Intraventricular Pressure Under Discontinuous Longterm Ventilation in Cases of Severe Brain Lesion....Pages 485-489 Front Matter....Pages 491-491 Chairman’s Comments....Pages 493-495 Clinical Experience of a Method of Continuous Intracranial Pressure Recording in 50 Neurosurgical Patients....Pages 496-499 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Patients with Benign Intracranial Hypertension....Pages 500-502 Pre, Intra and Post-Operative Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Monitoring of Patients with Brain Tumors: Prevention of Ischemic Insults....Pages 503-507 Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Traumatic Cerebral Edema....Pages 508-511 CSF Resistance to Flow as an Aid to Diagnosis of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus....Pages 512-516 The Prognostic Value of Continuous Intraventricular Pressure Recording in Unconscious Brain-Injury Patients Under Controlled Ventilation....Pages 517-521 Back Matter....Pages 522-530