Interstellar Dust: Proceedings of the 135th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union, Held in Santa Clara, California, July 26–30, 1988 (International Astronomical Union Symposia, 135)

IAU Symposium 135 on Interstellar Dust was hosted and co-sponsored by NASA's Ames Research Center from July 26-30, 1988. The symposium was held at the lovely campus of Santa Clara University situated around the historic Santa Clara Mission in California. The meeting was made possible by generous grants from the Astron­ omy and Relativity Branch of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Galactic Astronomy Program of the National Science Foundation. The International Astronomical Union provided travel grants to a few participants from countries with limited travel funds. We are particularly grateful for the support and services rendered by the dedicated staff at NASA's Ames Research Center and to the" SET! Institute for professionally and expeditiously administering the U.S. grants. This symposium brought together 199 scientists representing 19 different coun­ tries. The wide range of interest and expertise of the participants - all in some way related to interstellar dust - is reflected in the great variety of topics that were discussed during the symposium ranging from UV, visible and IR observations of interstellar extinction to quantum-statistical calculations of the IR emission from highly vibrationally excited molecules. During the course of the meeting, 41 invited review papers and 140 contributed papers were presented. This book is a collection of the invited review papers. The contributed papers have been published in a companion volume, NASA CP-3036, available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161, USA. Front Matter....Pages i-xv Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Measurements of Interstellar Extinction....Pages 3-22 Insights on Dust Grain Formation and Destruction Provided by Gas-Phase Element Abundances....Pages 23-36 Interstellar Extinction in External Galaxies....Pages 37-46 Dust Towards the Galactic Centre....Pages 47-54 Linear and Circular Polarization in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium....Pages 55-66 Diffuse Interstellar Bands — The Unidentified Part of the Interstellar Absorption Spectrum....Pages 67-86 Visible/UV Scattering by Interstellar Dust....Pages 87-100 Front Matter....Pages 101-101 Infrared Emission from Reflection Nebulae....Pages 103-108 Observations of HII Regions and Planetary Nebulae: The Infrared Emission Bands....Pages 109-118 Aromatic Infrared Emission in Cirrus Clouds....Pages 119-128 The Infrared Emission Features and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons....Pages 129-140 The IR Emission Features and Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon (HAC) Particles....Pages 141-146 Optical Properties of Carbonaceous Materials....Pages 147-154 Physical and Chemical Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons....Pages 155-171 The PAH Hypothesis and the Extinction Curve....Pages 173-180 A Critical Assessment of the PAH Hypothesis....Pages 181-189 Chemical, Optical, and Infrared Properties of Quenched Carbonaceous Composites (QCCS)....Pages 191-196 Grains, or Molecules? Thermal, or Non-Thermal?....Pages 197-205 Infrared Emission Mechanism in Large Isolated Molecules....Pages 207-219 Panel Discussion on the Quantum Statistical and Thermal Treatments of Processes in Molecule-Sized PAHs....Pages 221-223 Front Matter....Pages 225-225 The Heating of Interstellar Gas by Dust....Pages 227-238 Dust in Dense Clouds....Pages 239-262 Dust and the Gas Phase Composition of Dense Clouds....Pages 263-274 Polarized Infrared Emission from Dust....Pages 275-281 Front Matter....Pages 283-283 Far Infrared Emission from Galactic and Extragalactic Dust....Pages 285-301 Observations of Infrared Emission from Galaxies....Pages 303-310 Front Matter....Pages 311-311 On the Interpretation of the λ2175Å Feature....Pages 313-327 Pitfalls in Calculating Scattering by Small Particles....Pages 329-336 Fractal Dust Grains....Pages 337-342 Front Matter....Pages 343-343 The Core-Mantle Model of Interstellar Grains and the Cosmic Dust Connection....Pages 345-356 Bare Carbon/Silicate Theories....Pages 357-365 Grains in Diffuse Clouds: Carbon-Coated Silicate Cores....Pages 367-373 Open Panel Discussion on Interstellar Grain Models....Pages 375-380 Front Matter....Pages 381-381 Interstellar Molecules in Meteorites....Pages 383-388 Interstellar Grains in Meteorites: Diamond and Silicon Carbide....Pages 389-402 Interstellar Dust in Collected Interplanetary Dust Particles....Pages 403-414 Comet Dust: Connections with Interstellar Dust....Pages 415-428 Front Matter....Pages 429-429 Dust Destruction in the Interstellar Medium....Pages 431-444 Sources of Stardust in the Galaxy....Pages 445-453 The Composition of Dust in Stellar Ejecta....Pages 455-466 Front Matter....Pages 429-429 Dust Condensation in Stellar Outflows....Pages 467-478 Infrared Emission from Dust in Supernovae and Supernova Remnants....Pages 479-486 Front Matter....Pages 487-487 Critical Questions for the Future....Pages 489-492 Back Matter....Pages 493-525 Section I. Dust In The Diffuse Interstellar Medium -- Section Ii. The Overidentified Infrared Emission Features -- Section Iii. Dust In Dense Clouds -- Section Iv. Dust In Galaxies -- Section V. Optical Properties Of Grains -- Section Vi. Interstellar Dust Models -- Section Vii. Interstellar Dust And The Solar System -- Section Viii. Dust Formation And Destruction. L.j. Allamandola, A.g.g.m. Tielens. Includes Bibliographical References. Proceedings of the 135th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union, held in Santa Clara, California, July 26-30, 1988