International Human Rights and Humanitarian Law (Cambridge Studies in International and Comparative Law, Series Number 22)

"How do international human rights and humanitarian law protect vulnerable individuals in times of peace and war? Provost analyses systemic similarities and differences between the two to explore how they are each built to achieve their similar goal. He details the dynamics of human rights and humanitarian law, revealing that each performs a task for which it is better suited than the other, and that the fundamentals of each field remain partly incompatible. This helps us understand why their norms succeed in some ways and fail - at times spectacularly - in others. Provost's study represents innovative and in-depth research, covering all relevant materials from the UN, ICTY, ICTR, and regional organizations in Europe, Africa and Latin America. This will interest academics and graduate students in international law and international relations, as well as legal practitioners in related fields and NGOs active in human rights."--Publisher's website Half-title......Page 3 Series-title......Page 4 Title......Page 5 Copyright......Page 6 Dedication......Page 7 Contents......Page 9 Acknowledgments......Page 12 Table of cases......Page 14 Table of treaties......Page 20 UN General Assembly Resolutions......Page 36 UN Security Council Resolutions......Page 38 Miscellaneous......Page 39 Introduction......Page 43 PART I - NORMATIVE FRAMEWORKS......Page 53 Introduction......Page 55 1 Rights and procedural capacity......Page 58 Rights......Page 59 Entitlement......Page 60 Universality......Page 66 HUMANITARIAN LAW......Page 68 Entitlement......Page 69 Conditionality......Page 76 Procedural capacity......Page 84 SUBSTANTIVE RIGHT TO A REMEDY......Page 85 INTERNATIONAL STANDING......Page 91 Conclusion......Page 96 2 Obligations and responsibility......Page 99 HUMAN RIGHTS......Page 100 State obligations......Page 101 Individual obligations......Page 104 Conclusion......Page 115 HUMANITARIAN LAW......Page 117 The International Military Tribunal......Page 121 Subsequent war crimes trials......Page 125 Recent developments......Page 130 Violation by irregular armed forces......Page 132 Conclusion......Page 140 Responsibility......Page 144 ROLE OF RESPONSIBILITY......Page 145 DUTY TO PROSECUTE......Page 152 Conclusion to Part I......Page 158 PART II - RECIPROCITY......Page 161 Introduction......Page 163 TREATY LAW......Page 169 CUSTOMARY LAW......Page 172 HUMAN RIGHTS......Page 175 HUMANITARIAN LAW......Page 178 Reservations and reciprocity......Page 182 HUMAN RIGHTS......Page 183 HUMANITARIAN LAW......Page 188 HUMAN RIGHTS......Page 194 Applicability to armed conflicts......Page 195 Applicability to individuals and groups......Page 200 Article 60......Page 205 HUMAN RIGHTS......Page 209 HUMANITARIAN LAW......Page 214 Countermeasures......Page 224 BELLIGERENT REPRISALS......Page 225 Function of belligerent reprisals......Page 227 Reciprocity of Hague law and Geneva law......Page 235 The principle of humanity......Page 237 COUNTERMEASURES AND HUMAN RIGHTS......Page 243 Who may adopt countermeasures?......Page 244 Suspension of human rights obligations as a countermeasure......Page 253 Scenarios......Page 254 Discrimination......Page 256 Self-contained regime......Page 261 Jus cogens......Page 263 State responsibility......Page 264 Conclusion......Page 266 Individual responsibility: the rule tu quoque......Page 269 Conclusion to Part II......Page 278 PART III - APPLICATION: LAW AND FACTS......Page 281 Introduction......Page 283 Humanitarian law of armed conflict......Page 289 INTER-STATE ARMED CONFLICTS......Page 290 NATIONAL LIBERATION ARMED CONFLICTS......Page 295 Article 96.........Page 296 NON-INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICTS UNDER PROTOCOL II......Page 302 Article 1 - Material field of application......Page 303 INTERNAL ARMED CONFLICTS UNDER COMMON ARTICLE 3......Page 306 State of emergency under human rights law......Page 311 7 Legal effect of characterisation......Page 319 Self-characterisation......Page 320 HUMANITARIAN LAW......Page 321 HUMAN RIGHTS......Page 326 CONCLUSION......Page 332 Third states......Page 334 CHARACTERISATION BY POLITICAL BODIES......Page 338 NATURE AND EFFECT OF CHARACTERISATION......Page 346 Independent bodies......Page 357 HUMAN RIGHTS......Page 358 HUMANITARIAN LAW......Page 365 Conclusion to Part III......Page 380 General conclusion......Page 385 Bibliography......Page 393 Index......Page 430 ISBN-13: 9780521806978 Half-title 3 Series-title 4 Title 5 Copyright 6 Dedication 7 Contents 9 Acknowledgments 12 Table of cases 14 Table of treaties 20 Table of other international instruments 36 UN General Assembly Resolutions 36 UN Security Council Resolutions 38 Miscellaneous 39 Introduction 43 PART I - NORMATIVE FRAMEWORKS 53 Introduction 55 1 Rights and procedural capacity 58 Rights 59 HUMAN RIGHTS 60 Entitlement 60 Universality 66 HUMANITARIAN LAW 68 Entitlement 69 Conditionality 76 Procedural capacity 84 SUBSTANTIVE RIGHT TO A REMEDY 85 INTERNATIONAL STANDING 91 Conclusion 96 2 Obligations and responsibility 99 Obligations 100 HUMAN RIGHTS 100 State obligations 101 Individual obligations 104 Conclusion 115 HUMANITARIAN LAW 117 Violations by non-combatants 121 The International Military Tribunal 121 Subsequent war crimes trials 125 Recent developments 130 Violation by irregular armed forces 132 Conclusion 140 Responsibility 144 ROLE OF RESPONSIBILITY 145 DUTY TO PROSECUTE 152 Conclusion to Part I 158 PART II - RECIPROCITY 161 Introduction 163 3 Formation 169 Procedural aspects 169 TREATY LAW 169 CUSTOMARY LAW 172 Object and purpose of norms 175 HUMAN RIGHTS 175 HUMANITARIAN LAW 178 Reservations and reciprocity 182 HUMAN RIGHTS 183 HUMANITARIAN LAW 188 4 Application 194 Initial applicability and reciprocity 194 HUMAN RIGHTS 194 HUMANITARIAN LAW 195 Applicability to armed conflicts 195 Applicability to individuals and groups 200 Further application and reciprocity 205 ARTICLE 60 OF THE VIENNA CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF TREATIES 205 Article 60 205 HUMAN RIGHTS 209 HUMANITARIAN LAW 214 5 Sanction 224 Countermeasures 224 BELLIGERENT REPRISALS 225 Function of belligerent reprisals 227 Reciprocity of Hague law and Geneva law 235 The principle of humanity 237 COUNTERMEASURES AND HUMAN RIGHTS 243 Who may adopt countermeasures? 244 Suspension of human rights obligations as a countermeasure 253 Scenarios 254 Discrimination 256 Self-contained regime 261 Jus cogens 263 State responsibility 264 Conclusion 266 Individual responsibility: the rule tu quoque 269 Conclusion to Part II 278 PART III - APPLICATION: LAW AND FACTS 281 Introduction 283 6 Areas of legal indeterminacy 289 Humanitarian law of armed conflict 289 INTER-STATE ARMED CONFLICTS 290 NATIONAL LIBERATION ARMED CONFLICTS 295 Article 1... 296 Article 96... 296 NON-INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICTS UNDER PROTOCOL II 302 Article 1 - Material field of application 303 INTERNAL ARMED CONFLICTS UNDER COMMON ARTICLE 3 306 State of emergency under human rights law 311 7 Legal effect of characterisation 319 Self-characterisation 320 HUMANITARIAN LAW 321 HUMAN RIGHTS 326 CONCLUSION 332 Third states 334 Political organs of intergovernmental organisations 338 CHARACTERISATION BY POLITICAL BODIES 338 NATURE AND EFFECT OF CHARACTERISATION 346 Independent bodies 357 HUMAN RIGHTS 358 HUMANITARIAN LAW 365 Conclusion to Part III 380 General conclusion 385 Bibliography 393 Index 430 Provost Analyses Systemic Similarities And Differences Between The Two To Explore How They Are Each Built To Achieve Their Similar Goal. He Details The Dynamics Of Human Rights And Humanitarian Law, Revealing That Each Performs A Task For Which It Is Better Suited Than The Other, And That The Fundamentals Of Each Field Remain Partly Incompatible. This Helps Us Understand Why Their Norms Succeed In Some Ways And Fail - At Times Spectacularly - In Others. Provost's Study Represents Innovative And In-depth Research, Covering All Relevant Materials From The Un, Icty, Ictr, And Regional Organizations In Europe, Africa And Latin America. This Will Interest To Academics And Graduate Students In International Law And International Relations, As Well As Legal Practitioners In Related Fields And Ngos Active In Human Rights. 1. Rights And Procedural Capacity -- 2. Obligations And Responsibility -- 3. Formation -- 4. Application -- 5. Sanction -- 6. Areas Of Legal Indeterminacy -- 7. Legal Effect Of Characterisation. René Provost. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 351-387) And Index.

How do international human rights and humanitarian law protect vulnerable individuals during peace and war? Provost analyzes systemic similarities and differences between the two to examine how they are each designed to achieve their specific goals. He describes the dynamics of human rights and humanitarian law, revealing that each performs a task for which it is better suited than the other, and that the fundamentals of each field remain partly incompatible. He covers all relevant materials from the UN, ICTY, ICTR, and regional organizations in Europe, Africa and Latin America.

Part I analyses and compares the normative frameworks of international human rights law and humanitarian law by examining the way in which each is constructed to achieve its purpose, whether, in the first case, the granting of fundamental rights to the individual or, in the second, the alleviation of human suffering in times of armed conflict.