International Health Care Management, Volume 5 (Advances in Health Care Management)

This fifth volume of "Advances in Health Care Management" examines international health care management. It consists of 12 papers, one of which serves as an introduction, with the other papers arranged into three sections. The first section on patients and providers focuses on such issues as how socio-cultural forces affect the health care experience; how hospital providers function differently under various governance structures; how global strategies affect providers and patients; and why and how provider organizations should consider integrating within a health delivery system. The second section on policy and management addresses such dilemmas as whether some health care issues are impossible to solve through traditional policy reforms; how international refugees should receive health care; and whether policy reform lessons from other countries can be adapted and applied to transform another country's health system. The third and final section on performance and management addresses issues such as whether the quality of care can be managed at the hospital level, how human resource management can be benchmarked within and across health care organizations, how health care informatics and telemedicine can improve the continuity of care, and whether different ways of accessing care within health systems can be systemically compared and improved. Authors from Australia, Chile, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, South Africa, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America contributed to this volume. They explore the delivery and organization of care in health systems from Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America, encompassing more than 20 countries in their comparisons. The papers included in this volume were only accepted following a rigorous peer review process. Each paper, whether solicited or responding to our open call, went through a double-blind review and revision process. The result is a select collection of outstanding papers. Cover......Page 1 International Health Care Management......Page 4 Contents......Page 6 List of Contributors......Page 10 Review Board Members......Page 14 Reviewers......Page 16 What can we Learn from an International Perspective on Health Care Management?......Page 18 A Framework for Understanding International Health Care Management......Page 19 Patients and Providers......Page 21 Policy and Management......Page 23 Performance Management......Page 24 Conclusion......Page 26 The Emerging Field of International Health Care Management: An Introduction......Page 30 Introduction......Page 31 The Case for International Health Care Management......Page 33 The Challenge of Global Blindness......Page 35 Global Health Care: New Challenges and Opportunities......Page 36 Two Global Health Care Delivery Strategies......Page 37 Understanding the Demand for International Health Services......Page 38 Three Successful Approaches to Global Organization......Page 39 Capio......Page 41 Kangaroo Mother Care......Page 42 Limits to Learning and Transfer......Page 43 Creating Global Advantage......Page 44 Sharing Best Practices......Page 45 Communities of Practice Make a Difference......Page 47 From Communities of Practice to Focused Health Care Strategies......Page 49 Learning but not Transferring Best Practices......Page 50 Learning Lessons from Worst Cases......Page 51 Closing Remarks......Page 52 References......Page 53 Stories from Santiago: HIV/AIDS and Needed Health Systems Change......Page 58 HIV/AIDS in Latin America......Page 60 Argentina......Page 61 Chile and Santiago......Page 63 Chilean Public Health Care System through FONASA......Page 65 Chilean Culture and Health Care Provision......Page 66 Activism and Change......Page 67 Activism in Chile......Page 68 Methods......Page 69 Samples......Page 71 Data Collection......Page 72 Data Analysis......Page 73 Stories about Personal Injustice with the Health System......Page 75 Stories about Practitioner Incompetence and Attitudes......Page 77 Inadequate Funding......Page 78 Inadequate Confidentiality and Problematic Ethics......Page 79 Stories about Advocacy and Activism......Page 80 Legal Actions......Page 81 Vision-Driven Actions......Page 82 Targets and Strategies to Construct Environmental Dynamism......Page 83 From Stories to Theoretical Model of Constructed Environmental Dynamism......Page 86 Constructed Environmental Dynamism......Page 87 Notes About the Model......Page 89 Practice Implications for Stakeholders......Page 90 Administrative and Managerial Implications......Page 92 Future Research......Page 93 Conclusion......Page 94 References......Page 95 A Comparative Analysis of Hospital Management Systems in South Africa......Page 100 Introduction......Page 101 Background and Methods......Page 102 The Role of Hospital Ownership......Page 106 General Management Structures......Page 108 Complexity of Hospital Management Structures......Page 109 Management Structure and Functions at the Corporate Level and Hospital Interface......Page 111 Monitoring of Hospital Performance......Page 114 Individual Incentives for Efficiency......Page 115 Performance......Page 117 Discussion......Page 119 Policy Implications......Page 122 References......Page 125 American Hospital Firms and the Burgeoning Chinese Private Health Market......Page 128 Introduction......Page 129 The Growth of International Health Services......Page 130 The Chinese Hospital System......Page 131 Chinese International Partnership Hospital......Page 134 International Hospitals in China......Page 137 Summary......Page 139 Toward a Theory of International Health Strategic Management......Page 140 References......Page 141 Integrated Health Care Delivery Based on Transaction Cost Economics: Experiences from California and Cross-National Implications......Page 144 Reasons for Providing Health Care in Integrated Delivery Systems (IDSs)......Page 146 The Meaning of Integrated Health Care Delivery and its Purpose......Page 150 Failure of Integrated Health Care Delivery Systems......Page 152 The ‘‘New’’ Understanding of Integrated Health Care Delivery......Page 153 Virtual Integration Instead of Vertical Integration to Achieve Actual Integration......Page 154 Current ‘‘Success Factors’’ in the Bay Area Health Care Market......Page 156 The Dynamic Tension of Centralized and Decentralized Coordination......Page 158 Relationship Management......Page 160 People Management......Page 161 Information Technology......Page 163 Future Issues in Integrated Health Care Delivery......Page 164 Implications for the German Health Care Market......Page 165 Basic Ideas of the German Health Care System......Page 166 Reforms and Recent Developments in the German Health Care Market......Page 167 The Health Care Modernization Act......Page 169 Managing People......Page 173 Information Technology......Page 174 Conclusion......Page 175 References......Page 176 Assessment of Asset Specificity with Respect to Health Care Transactions......Page 179 Additional Comments (Grouped)......Page 181 Wicked Health Care Issues: An Analysis of Finnish and Swedish Health Care Reforms......Page 186 Finnish Health Care......Page 189 Swedish Health Care......Page 190 Health Care Reforms in Finland and Sweden......Page 191 Efficiency Reforms......Page 192 Decentralization Reforms......Page 193 Patients’ Freedom of Choice......Page 195 Improving Access to Care......Page 196 Circularity......Page 197 Stakeholder Involvement......Page 199 Problem-Solving Processes......Page 200 Implications......Page 202 Distinguish Wicked Problems from Tame Problems......Page 203 Be Acquainted with the Problem at Hand......Page 205 Select the Applicable Problem-Solving Process......Page 206 Concluding Remarks......Page 207 References......Page 208 The Management of Care for International Refugees: A Comparative Analysis of Policies and Outcomes......Page 210 Refugee Care from a Health Care Systems Approach......Page 212 The Role of External Organizations......Page 215 Focal Nations’ Refugee Policies and Critical Issues......Page 217 The United States......Page 218 Germany......Page 221 United Kingdom......Page 223 Iran......Page 224 Serbia and Montenegro......Page 225 Guinea......Page 226 Gaza Strip and West Bank......Page 228 Resources and Resource Development......Page 229 Activities and Outcomes......Page 233 References......Page 234 Taiwan’s National Health Insurance: A Decade of Change in Health Care Policy and Management Responses......Page 238 Introduction......Page 239 Historical Context......Page 240 Current Status......Page 241 Methods......Page 243 Sample Selection and Data Sources......Page 244 Identifying Relevant Outputs and Inputs......Page 245 Responsibility Centers (RC)......Page 246 Physician Fee (PF) Programs......Page 247 Results......Page 248 Tests of Tobit Regression......Page 249 Discussion......Page 250 Study 2: Outpatient Prescription Drug Co-Payment Policy and the Elderly......Page 251 Taiwan’s Prescription Drug Co-Payment Program......Page 252 Variance Analysis Method......Page 253 Regression Analysis......Page 254 Descriptive Statistics......Page 255 Results of Variance Analysis......Page 257 Results of Regression Analysis......Page 258 Discussion......Page 260 Financing the NHI Deficit......Page 262 Global Budget System......Page 263 Control of Drug Costs......Page 265 Enhancing Quality Control......Page 266 Horizon......Page 267 Conclusion......Page 269 References......Page 270 Measuring and Managing Quality in Hospitals: Lessons from a French Experiment......Page 274 Increasing Expectations......Page 276 Concerns about Equity......Page 277 How are Performance and Quality Defined?......Page 279 How Should Statistical Controversies be Resolved?......Page 280 What Level of Performance is Sufficient?......Page 281 The French Health Care System......Page 282 The Hospital System......Page 283 How Hospitals are Paid......Page 284 The Need for Improved Efficiency and Quality......Page 285 Stakeholders......Page 286 Dissemination Strategies......Page 287 Step 1: Establish a List of National Priorities for QI......Page 288 Step 3: Evaluate the Preliminary List......Page 289 Lessons From the French Experience......Page 290 From Measurement to Quality Management?......Page 293 Can We (or Should We) Pay for Quality?......Page 294 Concluding Remarks: Motivating Improvement in Quality......Page 295 Notes......Page 296 References......Page 297 Comparisons of Quality Initiatives in Selected Countries......Page 299 A Diagnostic Tool for HRM Benchmarking within a Health Care System......Page 300 The Work Organisation......Page 302 Leadership......Page 303 Availability for Work......Page 304 The Present Study......Page 305 Sampling and Data Collection......Page 306 Measures......Page 307 Analysis......Page 308 Work Organisational Teamwork......Page 309 Internal Customer Focus......Page 310 Management Performance......Page 312 Employees’ Workplace Satisfaction......Page 314 Workplace Satisfaction......Page 315 Employee Attitudes Toward Work......Page 316 Discussion......Page 318 Conclusions, Limitations and Future Research......Page 320 References......Page 321 Implementing a Regional Health Information Network: Impact on Health Care Performance and the Management of Change......Page 324 Region of Crete and Hygeianet......Page 330 Pre-Hospital Emergency Services......Page 332 Home Tele-Management of Patients......Page 334 eHealth Services......Page 336 Integrated Electronic Health Record......Page 338 Impact on Health Care Performance......Page 340 Access to Care Benefits......Page 341 Barriers to Implementation......Page 342 Change Management in Hygeianet Implementation......Page 344 Incentives......Page 346 Education......Page 347 Leadership......Page 348 Communications......Page 349 Conclusion......Page 350 References......Page 352 Greek Health Care System......Page 356 The Relevance of Health Care Access Systems: An Exploratory Study of Seven Industrialized Countries......Page 358 The Relevance of Health Care Access Systems: An Exploratory Study of Seven Industrialized Countries......Page 359 Definitions, Components, and Categorizations......Page 361 Theoretical Stance......Page 362 Financing Systems......Page 364 Access Systems......Page 367 A Six Component Analysis of Access Systems......Page 368 Health Care Costs and Access Systems......Page 369 Health Care Access and Financing Systems......Page 372 Health Care Access Systems and Process-Level Efficiency......Page 373 Implications for Policy and Research......Page 374 References......Page 376 Hospitals......Page 382 How is Quality Measured and Improved?......Page 383 General Taxation......Page 384 Government......Page 385 How is Quality Measured and Improved?......Page 386 Other Sources......Page 387 How are Costs Controlled?......Page 388 Services......Page 389 General Taxation......Page 390 How are Costs Controlled?......Page 391 Who is Covered?......Page 392 Physicians......Page 393 How is Quality Measured and Improved?......Page 394 Private Insurance......Page 395 Government......Page 396 Services......Page 397 Private Insurance......Page 398 Managed Care Organizations......Page 399 Government......Page 400 Country Index......Page 420 Subject Index......Page 412 Author Index......Page 402 Examining international health care management, this book consists of 12 papers, one of which serves as an introduction, with the other papers arranged into three sections. It focuses on issues such as how socio-cultural forces affect the health care experience; how global strategies affect providers and patients; and more