International Handbook of Human Response to Trauma (Plenum Series on Stress and Coping) (Springer Series on Stress and Coping)

"In 1996, representatives from 27 different countries met in Jerusalem to share ideas about traumatic stress and its impact. For many, this represented the first dialogue that they had ever had with a mental health professional from another country. Many of the attendees had themselves been exposed to either personal trauma or traumatizing stories involving their patients, and represented countries that were embroiled in conflicts with each other. Listening to one another became possible because of the humbling humanity of each participant, and the accuracy and objectivity of the data presented. Understanding human traumatization had thus become a common denomiƯ nator, binding together all attendees. This book tries to capture the spirit of the Jerusalem World Conference on Traumatic Stress, bringing forward the diversities and commonalties of its constructive discourse. In trying to structure the various themes that arose, it was all too obvious that paradigms of different ways of conceiving of traumatic stress should be addressed first. In fact, the very idea that psychological trauma can result in mental health symptoms that should be treated has not yet gained universal acceptability. Even within medicine and mental health, competing approaches about the impact of trauma and the origins of symptoms abound. Part I discusses how the current paradigm of traumatic stress disorder developed within the historical, social, and process contexts. It also grapples with some of the difficulties that are presented by this paradigm from anthropologic, ethical, and scientific perspectives"--Font no determinada Front Matter....Pages i-xvi Front Matter....Pages 1-2 The Limiting Effects of Paradigms on the Concept of Traumatic Stress....Pages 3-10 On the Social Denial of Trauma and the Problem of Knowing the Past....Pages 11-26 Our Hearts and Our Hopes Are Turned to Peace....Pages 27-50 An Alternative History of Traumatic Stress....Pages 51-66 Front Matter....Pages 67-68 Cultural Diversity in the Appraisal and Expression of Trauma....Pages 69-85 The Discourse on Trauma in Non-Western Cultural Contexts....Pages 87-102 Historical and Cultural Construction of PTSD in Israel....Pages 103-114 Cultural Identity and Demonization of the Relevant Other....Pages 115-125 Front Matter....Pages 127-128 Children: Secondary Victims of Domestic Violence....Pages 129-138 Evaluating the Prevalence and Impact of Domestic Violence....Pages 139-152 Collusion and Denial of Childhood Sexual Trauma in Traditional Societies....Pages 153-162 Body Image and Body Recovery....Pages 163-177 Deliberate Sexual Torture of Women in War....Pages 179-193 The Controversy Concerning Recovered Memory of Traumatic Events....Pages 195-209 Front Matter....Pages 211-212 Obstacles to Assessment of PTSD in Longitudinal Research....Pages 213-222 Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Trauma History Assessment....Pages 223-232 When the Victim Forgets....Pages 233-248 Prospective Studies of the Recently Traumatized....Pages 249-261 Front Matter....Pages 263-264 Cortisol Alterations in PTSD....Pages 265-283 Brain Imaging Studies of PTSD....Pages 285-297 Front Matter....Pages 263-264 Sleep and the Pathogenesis of PTSD....Pages 299-306 The Emerging Neurobiology of Dissociative States....Pages 307-320 Front Matter....Pages 321-323 Conservation of Resources in Individual and Community Reactions to Traumatic Stress....Pages 325-336 Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for PTSD....Pages 337-346 Trauma-Focused Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Individuals with Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms....Pages 347-361 Pharmacological Treatment of Trauma-Related Disorders....Pages 363-378 Critical Incident Stress Debriefing....Pages 379-387 Coping and Community Resources in Children Facing Disaster....Pages 389-395 Front Matter....Pages 397-398 The Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa as an Attempt to Heal a Traumatized Society....Pages 399-411 The Role of Mental Health Professionals in Building Bridges of Peace....Pages 413-419 The Psychosocial Cost of Seeking and Granting Asylum....Pages 421-438 Back Matter....Pages 439-477 This wide ranging handbook brings together an international group of experts in the field of traumatic stress to provide integrative views of the field, discussions of the current conceptual and ethical debates on traumatic stress disorders, and experiences related to their countries or their discrete field of expertise. Included as an appendix is `Childhood Trauma Remembered', a position paper issued by the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies