International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development: Volume 3 - Advanced Intelligent Systems on Agriculture and Health (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 713)

This book describes the potential contributions of emerging technologies in different fields as well as the opportunities and challenges related to the integration of these technologies in the socio-economic sector. In this book, many latest technologies are addressed, particularly in the fields of computer science and engineering. The expected scientific papers covered state-of-the-art technologies, theoretical concepts, standards, product implementation, ongoing research projects, and innovative applications of Sustainable Development. This new technology highlights, the guiding principle of innovation for harnessing frontier technologies and taking full profit from the current technological revolution to reduce gaps that hold back truly inclusive and sustainable development. The fundamental and specific topics are Big Data Analytics, Wireless sensors, IoT, Geospatial technology, Engineering and Mechanization, Modeling Tools, Risk analytics, and preventive systems. Foreword Preface Organization Acknowledgement Contents Breast Cancer Progression Prediction for Care Treatment Efficiency and Intelligent Adaptation, Based on AI Algorithm Classification 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Proposed Approach 3.1 Assessment of Response to Treatment 3.2 Radiomic or Computational Medical 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion and Perspectives References Study of the Germination of Wild and Cultivated Blackberries of the Northern Region of Morocco 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Seed Materials 2.2 Seed Preparation 2.3 Preparation of Hormones and Sterilization of Equipment 2.4 Germination Experiments 2.5 Germination Treatment 2.6 Data Treatment 3 Results 3.1 Imbibition Test 3.2 Gibberellic Acid Treatment 3.3 Treatment of Rubus Seeds with Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) Combined with Boiling Water 4 Conclusion References The Impact of Covid 19 on Recommendation Platforms 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Recommender Systems 2.2 Cold Start Users 2.3 Grey Shep Users 3 Recommender Systems and Covid 19 4 Cold Start and Grey Shep Users 5 Proposed Solution Based on Adaptive Recommendation Algorithms 6 Conclusion References Classifiers-Based Personality Disorders Detection 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Our Approach 3.1 Approach Overview 3.2 Unit Classification Modules 4 Prototype, Experiments and Results 4.1 Datasets Description 4.2 Experimental Evaluation 4.3 Clustering and Feature Selection 4.4 Clusters Interpretation 5 Conclusion References How Health Information Technology Improved Patient Care and Treatment During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison Between International Case Studies and the Moroccan Context 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Research Method 3.1 The Role and Impact of HIT on Care Delivery During the Present COVID-19 Crisis and the Breadth of HIT in the Health Care Sector During the Pandemic from an International Perspective 3.2 How Developing Countries, Such as Morocco, Have Responded to Covid 19 by Over- Hauling and Modernizing Their Hospital Information Systems at the Operational, Tac- Tical, and Strategic Levels. 3.3 Morocco’s Accelerated Path to Digital Health Transformation 4 Conclusion References Dates Detection System for Automatic Harvesting Using Deep Learning 1 Introduction 2 The Problem Formulation 2.1 CNN Deep Learning 2.2 Object Detection 2.3 Yolo 3 The Proposed Solution 3.1 Dataset 3.2 Network Parameterization and Training Details 3.3 Result and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Machine Learning for Diabetes Prediction 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 2.1 Define the Research Problem 2.2 Setting Research Questions and Objectives 2.3 Criteria Identification 2.4 Pertinent Literature Extraction 2.5 Literature Synthesis and Discussion 3 Conceptual Framework for Diabete Prediction 4 Conclusion References Technology as an Answer to the Trust Crisis in Mental Health Services - Digitization Serving Mental Health Care Systems 1 Introduction 2 Technology Serving Mental Health Care Systems 2.1 Revolutionary Potential 2.2 Legal Concerns 2.3 Trust in Mental Health Technology 3 Practical Examples of Technology Use for Mental Health 4 Discussion References Artificial Intelligence at the Service of Precision Medicine 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 2.1 Literature Review Planning Protocol 2.2 Pertinent Literature Extraction 3 Results of the Literature Review 3.1 Machine Learning Methods Analysis 3.2 Random Forests 3.3 Support Vector Machines (SVM) 3.4 Decision Tree 3.5 K-means 3.6 Deep Learning (DL) 3.7 Artificial Neural Network (ANN) 3.8 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) 3.9 Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) 4 Conclusion References Case-Based Reasoning Approach, Integrating Deep Learning for Patient Diagnosis Combined X-Ray with Symptoms 1 Introduction 2 Overview of Diagnostics Systems, Knowledge-Based and Non-knowledge-Based Reasoning in Healthcare 3 Introduction to CBR, Deep Learning Systems 3.1 Case Based Reasoning 3.2 Deep Learning 4 The Proposed Architecture for the Improvement of the Diagnostic Support System 5 Methodology 6 Conclusion References AGRI-PREDI Prediction System of Climate Change Based on Machine Learning for Precision Agriculture in Mediterranean Region 1 Introduction 2 Area of Application 2.1 Geographical Application: The Mediterranean Region 2.2 Type of Crop in Application: Olives 3 Building a New Logical Rule Based on Climate Change Data 4 Building a New Logical Rule Based on Climate Change Data 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Estimated Daily Reference Evapotranspiration Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Based on Various Combinations of Meteorological Data 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Dataset and Data Combinations 2.2 Data Cleaning 2.3 Computation of Reference Evapotranspiration ET0 2.4 Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network 2.5 Evaluation Metrics 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Scenario A 3.2 Scenario B 3.3 Model Validation 4 Conclusion References Deep Learning Approach for Brain Tumor Classification Implemented in Raspberry Pi 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Hardware 2.2 Software 3 Dataset 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Machine Learning for Medical Image Analysis: A Survey 1 Introduction 2 Medical Image Analysis 2.1 Image Compression 2.2 Image Classification 2.3 Image Segmentation 2.4 Image Detection 3 Machine Learning Techniques 3.1 Supervised Learning 3.2 Unsupervised Learning 3.3 Semi- Supervised Learning 3.4 Reinforcement Learning 3.5 Deep Learning 4 Machine Learning Approaches for Medical Image Processing 5 Discussion 5.1 Image Compression 5.2 Image Classification 5.3 Image Segmentation 5.4 Image Detection 6 Conclusion References Simulation Study on Validating an Efficient Technique for Early Breast Cancer Detection Using Thermographic Micro-biosensors 1 Introduction 2 Description of the Proposed Technique 3 Numerical Breast Tumors Simulations 3.1 The Physical Properties of the Breast 3.2 COMSOL-Based Breast Tumors Simulations 4 Experimental Test 4.1 Breast Phantom Construction 4.2 Micro-biosensors Implementation 5 Conclusion References Argania Forest Change Detection from Sentinel-2 Satellite Images Using U-Net Architectures 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Study Area: Admine Forest 2.2 Dataset 2.3 Deep Learning Models 2.4 Hyperparameters 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Classification 3.2 Change Detection 4 Conclusions References Development of Environmental Performance Measurement Model for Public Hospitals 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework 2.1 A General Overview of Healthcare Setting 2.2 Performance Measurement System 2.3 Environmental Performance Measurement in Healthcare Organizations 3 Methodology 3.1 Balanced Scorecard (BSC) 3.2 Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) 4 Case Study 5 Conclusion References The Nitrogen Effects on Growth and Development of Morphological Parameters of “Argania Spinosa L. skeel” Tree Seedlings 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Study Area of “Argania spinosa L. skeel” Seeds Materials 2.2 Experimental Site 2.3 Plant Material 2.4 Substratum 2.5 Media Analysis 2.6 Germination and Nutrient Solution Tested 2.7 Plant Development Measurements and Monitoring 2.8 Experimental Apparatus 2.9 Data Analysis 3 Results 3.1 Media Analysis 3.2 Plant Development 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Cost-Effective Manufacturing Operations During and After the COVID‐19 Pandemic 1 Introduction 2 Review Methodology 3 Smart Manufacturing and Epidemic/pandemic 3.1 Manufacturing Operations During Epidemic/pandemic 3.2 Manufacturing Goals and the Importance of Coordination 3.3 Epidemic/pandemic Control Stages 3.4 AI-Assisted Solutions for Smart Manufacturing 4 Analysis of Results 5 Conclusion References Hypertension Risk Prevention: Towards a Predictive Model Based on Data Mining 1 Introduction 2 State of the Art 3 Approach Taken 3.1 Overview of the Extraction Process 3.2 Data Collection 3.3 Statistical Analysis 4 Conclusion and Perspectives References A Lightweight CNN Model for Tomato Crop Disease Detection 1 Introduction 2 Data 3 Results and Analysis 4 Conclusion References Discrete Event Simulation for the Evaluation of Emergency Department Layout 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Problem Description 4 Problem Modeling and Resolution 5 Conclusion References Word Sense Disambiguation in the Biomedical Domain: Short Literature Review 1 Introduction 2 Problem Statement 3 Methods 3.1 Knowledge Based Methods 3.2 Supervised Learning Methods 3.3 Unsupervised Learning Methods 3.4 WSD Using Bilingual Corpora 4 Available Datasets 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion and Future Work References Environmental Impact Assessment of Agricultural Practices Using the Life Cycle Assessment Method: A Review 1 Introduction 2 Environmental Analysis of Agricultural Systems 3 Beet (Beta Vulgaris) 3.1 Beet Farming Phase 4 Materials and Methods 4.1 Definition of Purpose and Scope 4.2 Life Cycle Inventory 4.3 Life Cycle Impact Assessment 4.4 Interpretation 5 Uncertainty Analysis 6 Results and Discussion 7 Conclusion References Weakly Supervised Patchwise CT Liver Segmentation 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 Traditional Segmentation Methods 2.2 Fully Supervised Segmentation Methods 2.3 Segmentation Methods that are Weakly Supervised 3 Method 3.1 Patch-Based Training 3.2 Reiterative Learning Framework 3.3 BoxUNet Architecture 3.4 Postprocessing 4 Evaluation and Results 4.1 Dataset 4.2 Conditional Random Field for Postprocessing 5 Conclusions References Smart Agriculture Using an Enhanced Selection for MPRs 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Mechanism 3.1 Brief Examination of OLSR 3.2 Proposed Mechanism 3.3 Proposed Algorithm 4 Results and Analysis 4.1 Simulation Mobility Model 4.2 Comparison and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Prevalence of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders and Cognitive Affective Risk Factors: Case of Officials of the Rabat-Sale-Kenitra Region 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose of the Study 1.2 Study Population 2 Method 3 Results 3.1 Socio-demographic Profile of the Subjects 3.2 Prevalence of Anxiety-Depressive Disorders 3.3 Bivariate Analyses 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Predicting Drug Compounds Effectiveness Based on Chemical Properties and Bioactivity Data 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Approach and Methodology 3.1 Methodology 3.2 Molecular Fingerprints 3.3 Exploratory Analysis 4 Prediction Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Review of the Transportation Routing Problem During the COVID-19 Pandemic 1 Introduction 2 Research and Classification Methodology 2.1 Research Methodology 2.2 Classification by the year and Publication Medium 2.3 Classification by Field of Activity 3 Vehicles Routing Problem in COVID-19 Pandemic Context 3.1 Classification According to Business Constraints 3.2 Classification According to the Methods of Resolution 4 Conclusion References The Effect of a Physical Activity Program on Improving Sports Performance in Obese Adolescents Based on a Statistical Analysis of Cardiovascular Physiological Signals 1 Introduction 2 Approach Taken 2.1 Subjects and Methods 2.2 Results 3 Discussion 4 Conclusion References HER-Omics, a Model of Transcriptomics Data Integration in EHRs 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Tool Construction 2.2 Performed Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion References Artificial Intelligence for Stroke Prediction 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Materials 2.1 Dataset 2.2 Relation Between Variables 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Preprocessing Steps 3.2 Results 4 Conclusion References The Role of Uncertainty Avoidance, Trust, and Land Tenure in Predicting the Adoption of Green IoT Irrigation Systems in Morocco: An Improved Model 1 Introduction 2 Context 3 Theoretical Framework 3.1 TAM’s Extension by Trust and Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension: Focus on Uncertainty Avoidance and Collectivism 3.2 The Influence of Land Tenure in IT Adoption in the Agricultural Sector 4 Improved Research Model and Hypothesis 5 Methodology Adopted 6 Conclusion References The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Agapornis roseicollis 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion and Perspectives References: Cross-Talk Between Intramolecular and Intermolecular Amino Acid Networks Orchestrates the Assembly of the Cholera Toxin B Pentamer via the Residue His94 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Fold-X 2.2 Gemini 2.3 Spectral-Pro 3 Results 4 Conclusion Appendix References Identification of Responsibilities for the Use of Devices Incorporating Artificial Intelligence in Health: Systemic Review 1 Introduction 2 Health AI Applications 3 Materials and Methods 4 Résultats 4.1 Data Classification 4.2 Issues Related to AI 4.3 Stakeholders 4.4 Responsibilities for the Use of Intelligent Devices (ID) 4.5 Distribution of Stakeholder Responsibilities 4.6 Conceptual Data Model 5 Conclusion References Artificial Intelligence Recognition of Human Body Actions for Bionic Applications (New Combination of Indicator Parameters) 1 Introduction 2 System Design and Equipments 3 Proposed Methodology 3.1 Data Capture 3.2 Signal Processing and Filtration 3.3 Feature Extraction 3.4 Data Classification 4 Experiments and Result 5 Conclusion and Further Research References Parkinson’s Disease Recognition from Speech Signal Using Discrete Wavelet Transform, Delta, Delta-Delta, and K-Nearest Neighbor 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Context 2.1 Sample Collection 2.2 Feature Extraction 2.3 Classification 3 Methodology and Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Non-Triple Negative Breast Cancer Recurrence Prediction Using Boosting Models 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Proposed Approach 3.1 Dataset and Pre-processing 3.2 Work-Flow 4 Experiment Results and Discussion 4.1 Evaluation Metrics 4.2 Results 4.3 Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Word-Based Moroccan Sign Language Dataset for Emergency Situations: Use Case COVID-19 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 The Moroccan Sign Language Database 3.1 Value of the Data 3.2 Data Description 4 Experimental Design 5 Conclusion References The Use of ISFET for the Measurement of Phosphorus in Moroccan Soils 1 Introduction 2 Material and Method 2.1 Soil Sample Preparation 2.2 Soil Extract Preparation 2.3 ISFET Used 2.4 Calibration System 3 Results and Discuss 3.1 Calibration Curves 3.2 Measurement in Known Concentrations of H2PO4- 3.3 Extract Soil Measurement 4 Conclusion References Exploring the Performance of Traditional Word Embeddings and Contextual Embedding Models for COVID-19 Sentiment Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 The Proposed Approach 4 Results 4.1 Preprocessing Covid-19 Dataset 4.2 Exploratory Analysis 4.3 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Mycoflora of Dormant Crocus Sativus Corms in Morocco 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Sampling 2.2 Isolation 2.3 Morphological Identification of Isolated Fungal Species 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Optimized DL-Based Model for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy CMR Images 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Dataset Description 2.2 The Proposed CNN Architecture 2.3 Data Augmentation Techniques and Optimizers 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Low-Cost Water Conductivity Sensor Based on a Parallel Plate Capacitor for Precision Agriculture 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 System Overview 4 Principle of Operation of Our Capacity-Based Salinity Sensor 4.1 Physical Description and Mathematical Model 4.2 Combining Capacitors 5 Salinity Sensor Based on Parallel Plate Capacitor 5.1 Physical Description 5.2 Electrical Circuit of Salinity Sensor 6 Measurements Results 6.1 Measurements of Alt Concentration in Water 6.2 Network Coverage 7 Conclusion and Future Work References Literature Review of Deep Learning for Tuberculosis Based on Chest Imaging 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 2.1 Research Questions 2.2 Search Strategy 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Inventory of Corticolous Lichens and Argan Wood Fungi 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Detection of Alpha-Cypermethrin in Food Using a Sensor Array Coupled to Machine Learning Algorithms: The Case of the Wild Edible Swiss Chard 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Preparation of Samples 2.2 Experimental Design and Working Principal 2.3 Statistical Analysis 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 The Sensor Network Responses to VOC Emissions from Wild Swiss Chard 3.2 PCA Result 3.3 KNN Result 4 Conclusion References Effect of Some Derivatives of Pyridazin-3 (2h) – Ones on the in Vitro and in Situ Development of Different Pathogenic Fungi on Citrus Fruits 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 The Pathogens Tested 2.2 The Molecules Tested and Preparation of the Culture Medium 2.3 Effect of the Five Molecules on Mycelial Growth 2.4 Effect of Pyridazine Molecules on Sporulation 2.5 Development of an In-Situ Screening Test for the Effect of Pyridazine Compounds on Phytophthora Spp. on Chopsticks of Rought Lemon Rootstock Citrus 2.6 Statistical Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Recovery of Organic Waste by Biogas Production-Mathematical Modeling of Anaerobic Digestion: A Short Literature Review 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Mechanistic Models 2.2 Data-Driven Models 3 Discussion and Perspectives 4 Conclusion References Automation of Agriculture Using Artificial Intelligence: Towards a Sustainable Agriculture in Morocco 1 Introduction 2 Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligent in Agriculture 3 Soil and Irrigation Management 4 Pest and Weed Control 5 Conclusion References Review of Weed Detection Methods Based on Machine Learning Models 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 The Weeds Detection 2.2 ML and DL Techniques 2.3 Deep Learning Methods for Detecting and Identifying Weeds 3 Analysis and Discussions 3.1 Various Weed Detection Tasks 3.2 Several Complicated Factors Affecting Weed Detection 4 Conclusion References Analysis of Alcoholic EEG Signals Based on Discrete to Continuous Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Discrete to Continuous Algorithm 2.2 Dynamic Time Warping Algorithm 2.3 Data Description 3 Experimental Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Growth Promoting of Tomato Plants by Incorporation of Trichoderma asperellum Enriched Liquid Product via Foliar Spray and the Irrigation System 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion References Effect of Trichoderma Asperellum on the Development of Strawberry Plants and Biocontrol of Anthracnose Disease Caused by Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Fungal Material 2.2 Plant Material 2.3 Preparation of the Inoculum 2.4 Inoculation and Treatments 2.5 Scoring of Results 2.6 Statistical Analysis 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Four Citrus Genotypes 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Surveys and Sampling 2.2 Root Staining 2.3 Evaluation of the Mycorrhization Rate 2.4 Spores Extraction 2.5 Statistical Analysis 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Characterisation of the Mycorrhizal Load of Cultivated Citrus 3.2 Spores Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) 4 Conclusion References Contribution to the Development of a Technological Platform for Analysis in Precision Agriculture for the Biovigilance of Cryptogamic Diseases in Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Location 2.2 Data Management and Processing 3 Result and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Diversity of the Bryoflora of the Tazekka National Park, North-East Morocco 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Presentation of the Study Area 2.2 Methodology 2.3 Data Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion Appendix References A New Model-Based Approach for Migrating Health 2.0 to Health 3.0 Applications 1 Introduction 2 Context 2.1 A. E-health and Semantic Technologies 2.2 Standards Based on ADM 3 The Proposed Approach 3.1 Reengineering Phase 3.2 Restructuring Phase 3.3 Forward Engineering Phase 4 Case Study and Discussion 5 Related Work 6 Conclusion References Effect of the Impact of Environmental Factors on the Diet of Horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) from the Coasts of the Moroccan 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Presentation of the Study Area: Cap Spartel- Casablanca 2.2 Sampling 2.3 Examination of Stomach Content 2.4 Data Analyses 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Specimens Size 3.2 Dietary Intensity and Feeding Behavior 3.3 Seasonal Variation of Dietary 3.4 Concentration of Chlorophyll a and Oxygen as a Function of Pray 4 Conclusion References Study of the Risks Associated with the Use of Pesticides on Soils and Groundwater in the Loukkos Perimeter (Morocco) 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Presentation of the Study Area: Provinces of Larache 2.2 Sampling 2.3 Extraction of Pesticides According to the 15662 QuEChERS Method 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 The First Modification 3.2 The Second Modification 3.3 Result of the Improvement of the QuECHeRS Extraction Method 4 Conclusion References Diversity of the Bryoflora of a Cedar Forest in the Central High Rif, Northern Morocco 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Presentation of the Study Area 2.2 Collecting Plant Material 2.3 Data Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion Appendix References Toward a Smart Agriculture Using Deep Learning for Plant Disease Detection: Challenges and Opportunities 1 Introduction 2 Background: Deep Learning and IoT for Smart Agriculture/farmer 3 A Case Study: Disease Detection State of the Art 4 Applications of Deep Learning in Agriculture 5 Conclusion References Study of the Effect of Plastic Film in Tunnels on the Yield and Quality of Strawberry Plants 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Plant Material: Variety Sabrina 2.2 The Plastic Used 2.3 Analyzes of Some Physico-Chemical Parameters: 2.4 Analysis of Some Fruit Quality Parameters 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion and Prospects References Effect of Endomycorrhizae on the Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani and the Growth of Olive Plants 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Preparation of the Mycorrhizal Inoculum 2.2 Preparation of Fungal Inoculum 2.3 Inoculation of Olive Plants 2.4 Evaluation of Mycorrhization Parameters 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Detection of Alzheimer's Disease Using a Convolutional Neural Network 1 Introduction 2 Image Database 3 Method 3.1 Problem 3.2 Initial Architecture with no Hidden Layers 3.3 Adding Fully Connected Hidden Layers 3.4 Convolutional Neural Network 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Distribution of Resellers and Modeling of the Future of the Majority Pesticides for Agricultural Use in Morocco 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Type of Pesticides Marketed in Laouamra 3.2 Classification of the Dominant Phytosanitary Products in Laouamra 4 Conclusion and Prospects References A Proposed Architecture Based on Deep Learning and Optimization Techniques for Medical Diagnostic Imaging 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Proposed Architecture 3.1 Pre-processing 3.2 Feature Extraction 3.3 Feature Selection: Chaotic-MRFO 3.4 Classification 4 Experimental Evaluation and Result 4.1 Data Preparation and Augmentation 4.2 Performance Measures 5 Conclusion and Future Work References A Hierarchical Machine Learning Algorithm for Epileptic Seizure Prediction 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Machine Learning for Medical Sudden Emergency Prediction 3.1 Algorithms 3.2 Datasets 4 Hierarchical Algorithm for Epilepsy Prediction 4.1 Tachycardia and Epilipsy Data and Phases 4.2 Explaining the Process of the Hierarchical Algorithm 5 Simulation and Results 5.1 Data and Simulation 5.2 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Epileptic Seizure Prediction Using Artificial Intelligence Methods 1 Introduction 2 Data Set Description 3 Artificial Intelligence Methods 3.1 K-Nearest Neighbors 3.2 Logistic Regression 3.3 Support Vector Machine (SVM) 3.4 Gaussian Naive Bayes 3.5 Neural Network References New Approach of 3D Protein Structure Superimposition: Case Study of “SARS-COV-2” and “SARS-COV” 1 Introduction 2 Algorithms 3 Results 3.1 ACE2 Alignment 3.2 Spike Alignment 3.3 Total Complex Alignment (ACE2+ SARS and ACE2+ SARS-COV2) 3.4 Our Proposed Solution 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Synthesis of New Phosphate Nanomaterials “Pyrophosphates of Cerium” Application in Biomedicine 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 2.1 Synthesis of Materials Based on Gadolinium and Cerium SrMP2O7 (M = Gd or Ce) 3 Results and Interpretation 3.1 X-Ray Diffraction 3.2 Optical properties of Pyrophosphates SrMP2O7 with M = Gd and Ce Transmittance Spectra 3.3 Infrared Spectroscopy 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Synthesis of a New Nanomaterial “Triphosphate of Niobium” Characterization and Advanced Structure Study Application: Improve Mechanical Strength of Implant and the Osteointegration Process 1 Introduction 1.1 Mechanical Stability (Primary Stability) 1.2 Secondary Stability (Biological Stability) 2 Experimental 2.1 Synthesis of Niobium Triphosphates NbP3O10 2.2 Characterization of Niobium Triphosphates NbP3O10 3 System Design, Mesh and Finite Element Modeling (FEM) References Extraction and Characterization of New Cellulosic Fibers from Moroccan Mallow Stem and Comparison with Other Naturel Fibers 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Processes 3 X-Rray Fluorescence 3.1 X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Analysis 3.2 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Analysis 3.3 Fourier Transformed Infra-red (FTIR) Spectral Analysis 4 Conclusion References Author Index