Intercorrelated Satellite Observations Related to Solar Events : Proceedings of the Third ESLAB/ESRIN Symposium Held in Noordwijk, The Netherlands, September 16–19, 1969

The European Space Research Organisation put its first satellite into orbit in March 1968 and was successful with two more before the end of that year. It was not entirely surprising therefore that the third annual ESLAB/ESRIN Symposium should in some way deal with the results obtained. This book is the Proceedings of that Sym­ posium which, for reasons which Dr. Trendelenburg explains in the introductory talk, concentrated on intercorrelating phenomena occurring during solar events and in particular during the event of 25 February 1969. It is generally acknowledged that space data could yield a much more fruitful harvest if measurements taken simulta­ neously in different regions of space could be compared and the detectors inter­ calibrated. ESRO therefore sought right from the start to encourage this comparison of data. The first two days of the Symposium (16 and 17 September 1969) were devoted to review lectures on inter-related phenomena occurring on the sun, through inter­ planetary space and the magnetosphere right down to the earth's ionosphere. The last two days were used to hear papers presenting results obtained from the ESRO and certain U. S. S. R. and U. S. A. satellites during the solar events around 25 February 1969. The Proceedings published here follow the same sequence as the Symposium presentations. Because of the short time interval between the solar event and the Symposium, some of the data presented in the second part must be regarded as preliminary. Front Matter....Pages I-XVI Introduction....Pages 1-3 Front Matter....Pages 5-5 A Survey of Interplanetary and Terrestrial Phenomena Associated with Solar Flares....Pages 7-22 Front Matter....Pages 23-23 High Energy Flare Radiation....Pages 25-33 Satellite Observations of Solar Cosmic Rays....Pages 34-52 Propagation of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Rays of Low Energies in Interplanetary Medium....Pages 53-89 Particle Event Forecasting....Pages 90-101 Proposed Solar Proton Event Classification System....Pages 102-107 Front Matter....Pages 109-109 Solar Wind Disturbances Associated with Solar Activity....Pages 111-129 Variations of Solar Wind Fluxes Observed on Board Venera-5 and Venera-6 from January 21 to March 21 1969 and Pulsations of the Earth’s Electromagnetic Field Caused by these Variations....Pages 130-139 Magnetic Field Variations in Interplanetary Space....Pages 140-151 Front Matter....Pages 153-153 Plasma Measurements Across the Bow Shock and in the Magnetosheath....Pages 155-169 Interaction of Solar Energetic Particles with the Earth’s Bow Shock and Magnetopause....Pages 170-180 Magnetic and Electric Field Changes Across the Shock and in the Magnetosheath....Pages 181-189 Front Matter....Pages 191-191 Solar Particle Observations Over the Polar Caps....Pages 193-204 Access of Solar Particles to Synchronous Altitude....Pages 205-228 Entry of Low Energy Solar Protons into the Magnetosphere....Pages 229-238 Trapped Particle Population Changes Associated with Solar Events....Pages 239-250 Geomagnetic Storms at ATS 1....Pages 251-279 Magnetospheric Electric Fields....Pages 280-296 Front Matter....Pages 297-297 Experimental Observations in the Magnetotail During an Interplanetary Disturbance....Pages 299-308 Front Matter....Pages 297-297 Tearing Instabilities in the Magnetosphere....Pages 309-315 Front Matter....Pages 317-317 Current Problems in Polar-Cap Absorption....Pages 319-334 Interdisciplinary Investigations of the Auroral Phenomena....Pages 335-340 Aspects of Auroral Morphology....Pages 341-350 Acceleration and Precipitation of Van Allen Electrons During Magnetospheric Substorms....Pages 351-363 Front Matter....Pages 365-365 Introduction to the ESRO Spacecraft ESRO-II/IRIS, ESRO-I/Aurorae and HEOS-I....Pages 367-381 Ground Observations of the Solar Event of February 25, 1969....Pages 382-404 Substorm Influences on VHF Continuous Wave Auroral Backscatter....Pages 405-412 X-Ray Observations Between 1 and 55 Å of the February 25th Flare....Pages 413-418 The Solar Particle Event of February 25, 1969....Pages 419-426 Interplanetary Magnetic Field Measured by Pioneer 8 During the 25 February 1969 Event....Pages 427-435 Observation of Solar Wind Discontinuities from February 24 to February 28, 1969....Pages 436-447 Observations of the Spectra and time History of Protons in Interplanetary Space, February 25–28, 1969....Pages 448-459 Solar Cosmic Ray Increase on 25 February – 5 March, 1969 According to Measurements from Venus-5 and Venus-6 Space Probes....Pages 460-470 Low Energy Proton Measurements in Interplanetary Space on Board the HEOS-1 Satellite....Pages 471-477 The Solar Particle Event of 25 February, 1969....Pages 478-485 Observations Recorded by the Leeds University Cosmic Ray Detector on Board the ESRO II Spacecraft During the Solar Flare of February 25th, 1969....Pages 486-491 ESRO I Satellite Observations of 1–30 MeV Protons During the 25th February 1969 Solar Event....Pages 492-498 Rocket Measurements of Protons and α-Particles During the February 25, 1969 Solar Event....Pages 499-507 Rocket Observations of Protons and α-Particles at Andøya after the Solar Flares of 24th–25th February 1969....Pages 508-514 Front Matter....Pages 365-365 Electron Density Observations During the PCA Event of 25 February 1969....Pages 515-519 Rocket-Borne D-Region Probe Measurements....Pages 520-523 Electron Density Measurements in the Thermal Plasma of the Magnetosphere Using a Langmuir Probe....Pages 524-534 Ionospheric Measurements by the ESRO-I Satellite During the February 25th 1969 Solar Proton Event....Pages 535-548 ESRO I Satellite Observations of 45–450 KeV Electrons During the Period 24th February – 3rd March 1969....Pages 549-556 ESRO I Measurements Of Low-Energy Auroral Particles From February 23 To March 2, 1969....Pages 557-566 An Observation of the February 26, 1969 Interplanetary Shock Wave....Pages 567-570 The Association of Energetic Storm Particles with Interplanetary Shock Waves....Pages 571-582 GM Observations of Auroral Particles and Ground Observations During the February 25th Solar Event....Pages 583-591 Observation of Low-Energy Solar Protons During the February 25, 1969 Event....Pages 592-598 High Energy Solar Electrons....Pages 599-609 OGO-5 Measurements of Electrons Above 500 MeV....Pages 610-613 Front Matter....Pages 615-615 Suggestions for Future Observations....Pages 617-619 Back Matter....Pages 621-630 Proceedings of the Third ESLAB/ESRIN Symposium held in Noordwijk, The Netherlands, September 16-19, 1969