Interactive Storytelling : 5th International Conference, ICIDS 2012, San Sebastián, Spain, November 12-15, 2012. Proceedings

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling, ICIDS 2012, San Sebastián, Spain, November 2012. The 14 revised full papers presented together with 6 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on theory and aesthetics; authoring tools and applications; evaluation and user experience reports; virtual characters and agents; new storytelling modes; workshops. Suspending Virtual Disbelief: A Perspective on Narrative Coherence 11 Introduction 11 Virtuality 12 Suspension of Disbelief 15 Suspending Disbelief at Narrative and Discoursive Improbabilities 16 Suspension of Virtual Disbelief 19 Virtual Balance 20 Virtuality as a Rhetorical Storytelling Tool 21 Imaginary Concepts 22 Character Behavior 23 Conclusions 24 References 25 Four Quantitative Metrics Describing Narrative Conflict 28 Introduction 28 Related Work 29 Dimensions of Conflict 30 Balance 30 Directness 30 Intensity 31 Resolution 31 Experiment Design 31 Hypotheses 33 Notes on Analysis 33 Results 34 Most Popular Orderings 34 Participant Agreement 35 Discussion 37 Conclusions and Future Work 38 References 39 The Expressive Space of IDS-as-Art 40 Introduction: Why IDS? 40 IDS as Interactive Art: A Medium-Specific Perspective 42 A Definition of Art 42 The Form of the Expressive Space of IDS 42 Expressive Potentials for IDS-as-Art 43 Agency and Meaning in IDS 44 Agency and Meaning in Interactive Art 44 Agency and Meaning in the Experience of IDS 46 The Non-linear Drama of the Interaction Model 47 Agency and beyond 48 Agency as Subject Matter 48 Accounting for Sub-intentional Aspects of Userly Performance 49 References 50 Aporia ? Exploring Continuation Desire in a Game Focused on Environmental Storytelling 52 Introduction 52 The Concept of Aporia 54 Test Method, Procedure and Feedback 55 References 57 Digital Interactive Narrative Tools for Facilitating Communication with Children during Counseling: A Case for Audiology 58 Introduction 58 Digital Interactive Narrative Play Therapy 60 Narrative Therapy 60 Introducing Play into Narrative Therapy 61 Narrative Play Therapy and Digital Interactive Storytelling 62 Case: Pediatric Audiology Counseling 64 Design and Implementation 64 Evaluation and Findings 66 Conclusion and Future Work 68 References 68 Who Poisoned Hugh? - The STAR Framework: Integrating Learning Objectives with Storytelling 70 Introduction 70 Background and Related Work 71 Educating by Storytelling: The STAR Framework 71 Introduction 73 Puzzles 73 Resolution 74 Debriefing 74 Case Study 74 Introduction 75 Puzzles 75 Resolution 78 Debriefing 78 Evaluation, Lesson Learnt and Future Work 79 Conclusions 80 References 80 Structural Writing, a Design Principle for Interactive Drama 82 Introduction 82 Authoring Principles 83 What Is an Authoring Principle? 83 Abstractions 83 The Second Authoring Principle: Genericity 85 The Principle of Structural Description 85 Structures and Structures 85 Structures in Drama 86 Structures in Interactive Drama 86 Algorithmic Considerations 88 Refining the Concept of Structure 91 Conclusion 91 References 92 Genres, Structures and Strategies in Interactive Digital Narratives ? Analyzing a Body of Works Created in ASAPS 94 Introduction 94 Aspects of ASAPS 95 Authoring in ASAPS 95 Procedural Branching 95 Teaching IDN with ASAPS 96 Related Work 97 Analyzing ASAPS Narratives 97 Outstanding Examples 98 Visual Style and Perspective 99 Narrative Genres 100 Structural Aspects 101 Other Narrative Strategies 103 Conclusion 104 References 104 Project Aporia ? An Exploration of Narrative Understanding of Environmental Storytelling in an Open World Scenario 106 Introduction 106 Environmental Storytelling, Narratives and Games 107 Evaluation Method and Procedure 108 Findings, Discussion and Conclusion 109 Conclusion 111 References 111 Coffee Tables and Cryo Chambers: A Comparison of User Experience and Diegetic Timebetween Traditional and Virtual Environment-Based Roleplaying Game Scenarios 112 Introduction 112 Background 113 The Narrative Paradox 114 Characteristics of Roleplaying Games 114 The Player Action and Utterance Typology Framework 114 Real and Diegetic Time 115 Engagement 115 Case Study: Project Restless Sleep 116 Test Method 117 Results and Findings 118 Discussion 119 Player Actions and Utterance Typology Distribution 119 Engagement 120 Communication Method 120 Limitations and Future Work 121 Conclusion 122 References 122 Achieving the Illusion of Agency 124 Introduction 124 Defining Agency 125 Related Work 126 Experimental Design 126 Results 131 Discussion 133 Future Work 134 Conclusion 134 References 134 Designing an Interdisciplinary User Evaluation for the Riu Computational Narrative System 136 Introduction 136 Existing Framework on Narrative Evaluation 137 System Output Samples 137 Evaluating System Process 138 User Studies 138 User Study Design 138 Study Design Guidelines 139 Conclusion 140 References 141 Distributed Drama Management: Beyond Double Appraisal in Emergent Narrative 142 Introduction 142 Overview 142 Distributed Drama Management 143 Related Work 144 Approach 145 The Character/Actor Distinction 145 The Virtual User 146 Authorial Considerations 147 The Drama Manager 148 Implementation 148 Architecture 148 Example 149 Decision-Making Process 149 Conclusion 152 References 153 Backstory Authoring for Affective Agents 154 Introduction 154 Related Work 154 Backstories 155 Agent Configuration 156 From Action Sequences to Plans 157 From Plans to Parameters 157 Conclusions 158 References 158 Emotional Appraisal of Moral Dilemma in Characters 160 References 170 Laugh To Me! Implementing Emotional Escalation on Autonomous Agents for Creating a Comic Sketch 172 Introduction 172 Related Work 173 Background on Humor 174 Implementation 175 FAtiMA and OCC Model 175 Agents, Sketches and Incongruence 176 Emotional Goals and Guidelines 176 Scenario 177 Authoring 177 The ``Seller'' 178 The ``Client'' 179 Evaluation 180 Conclusions 181 References 182 3D Simulated Interactive Drama for Teenagers Coping with a Traumatic Brain Injury in a Parent 184 Context 184 Traumatic Brain Injury 184 Techno-pedagogical Environment 184 The Scenario 185 Technical Implementation 185 Unity and IDtension 185 Text to Speech 186 User Experience 186 Navigation 186 Interaction Mechanisms 187 Action Selection and Execution 187 Resulting Experience 189 Conclusion and Future Work 190 References 191 Interactive Video Stories from User Generated Content: A School Concert Use Case 193 Introduction 193 Related Work 194 Narrative Concept 197 Implementation 199 Evaluations 201 Approach 201 Findings 202 Conclusions and Future Work 203 References 204 Exploring Body Language as Narrative Interface 206 Introduction 206 Motion Capture and its Limitations 207 Designing a Narrative Interface Based on Body Language 207 Example Scenario for the Proposed Interface 208 Conclusions 210 References 211 Reading Again for the First Time: A Model of Rereading in Interactive Stories 212 Introduction 212 Related Work 213 Research Problem 214 Empirical Studies of Rereading in Interactive Stories 215 A Model of Rereading in Interactive Stories 216 Reading Again to Reach Closure 216 Rereading After Closure 217 Applying the Model to Explain Reader Behaviour 218 Rereading Façade 219 Explaining Readers' Responses to Façade 219 Rereading beyond Closure 220 Implications 221 Conclusion 222 References 222 Where’s the Story? Forms of Interactive Narrative in Current Digital Games and Other Digital Forms 224 Overview 224 Workshop Format 225 References 225 Sharing Interactive Digital Storytelling Technologies II 226 Nordic Roleplaying Games ? The Narrative Approach: A Practical Introduction 227 Introduction 227 Front Matter....Pages - Suspending Virtual Disbelief: A Perspective on Narrative Coherence....Pages 1-17 Four Quantitative Metrics Describing Narrative Conflict....Pages 18-29 The Expressive Space of IDS-as-Art....Pages 30-41 Aporia – Exploring Continuation Desire in a Game Focused on Environmental Storytelling....Pages 42-47 Digital Interactive Narrative Tools for Facilitating Communication with Children during Counseling: A Case for Audiology....Pages 48-59 Who Poisoned Hugh? - The STAR Framework: Integrating Learning Objectives with Storytelling....Pages 60-71 Structural Writing, a Design Principle for Interactive Drama....Pages 72-83 Genres, Structures and Strategies in Interactive Digital Narratives – Analyzing a Body of Works Created in ASAPS....Pages 84-95 Project Aporia – An Exploration of Narrative Understanding of Environmental Storytelling in an Open World Scenario....Pages 96-101 Coffee Tables and Cryo Chambers: A Comparison of User Experience and Diegetic Time between Traditional and Virtual Environment-Based Roleplaying Game Scenarios....Pages 102-113 Achieving the Illusion of Agency....Pages 114-125 Designing an Interdisciplinary User Evaluation for the Riu Computational Narrative System....Pages 126-131 Distributed Drama Management: Beyond Double Appraisal in Emergent Narrative....Pages 132-143 Backstory Authoring for Affective Agents....Pages 144-149 Emotional Appraisal of Moral Dilemma in Characters....Pages 150-161 Laugh To Me! Implementing Emotional Escalation on Autonomous Agents for Creating a Comic Sketch....Pages 162-173 3D Simulated Interactive Drama for Teenagers Coping with a Traumatic Brain Injury in a Parent....Pages 174-182 Interactive Video Stories from User Generated Content: A School Concert Use Case....Pages 183-195 Exploring Body Language as Narrative Interface....Pages 196-201 Reading Again for the First Time: A Model of Rereading in Interactive Stories....Pages 202-213 Where’s the Story? Forms of Interactive Narrative in Current Digital Games and Other Digital Forms....Pages 214-215 Sharing Interactive Digital Storytelling Technologies II....Pages 216-216 Nordic Roleplaying Games – The Narrative Approach: A Practical Introduction....Pages 217-218 Back Matter....Pages - This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Interactive Storytelling, ICIDS 2013, Istanbul, Turkey, November 2013. The 14 revised full papers presented together with 10 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 51 submissions.