Interactive Phenomena In The Cardiac System (advances In Experimental Medicine And Biology) (volume 346)

The cardiac system represents one of the most exciting challenges to human ingenuity. Critical to our survival, it consists of a tantalizing array of interacting phenomena, from ionic transport, membrane channels and receptors through cellular metabolism, energy production to fiber mechanics, microcirculation, electrical activation to the global, clinically observed, function, which is measured by pressure, volume, coronary flow, heart rate, shape changes and responds to imposed loads and pharmaceutical challenges. It is a complex interdisciplinary system requiring the joint efforts of the life sciences, the exact sciences, engineering and technology to understand and control the pathologies involved. The Henry Goldberg Workshops were set up to address these multivariable, multidisciplinary challenges. Briefly, our goals are: To encourage international cooperation and foster interdisciplinary interaction between scientists from the different areas of cardiology; to relate microscale cellular phenomena to the global, clinically manifested cardiac function; to relate conceptual modeling and quantitative analysis to experimental and clinical data; to gain an integrated view of the various interacting parameters, identify missing links, catalyze new questions, and lead to better understanding of the cardiac system. The outstanding success of past workshops has encouraged their continuation. The first Henry Goldberg Workshop, held in Haifa in 1984, introduced the concept of interaction between mechanics, electrical activation, perfusion and metabolism, emphasizing imaging in the clinical environment. The second Workshop, in 1985, discussed the same parameters with a slant towards the control aspects. Front Matter....Pages i-xvi Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Regulation of Intracellular Calcium in Cardiac Muscle....Pages 3-10 Neuromodulation of Calcium Current by Extracellular ATP in Isolated Ventricular Myocytes....Pages 11-18 Intracellular Calcium and Myocardial Function During Ischemia....Pages 19-29 Intracellular Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle....Pages 31-38 Myocardial Energetics....Pages 39-49 Mechanisms of Endocardial Endothelium Modulation of Myocardial Performance....Pages 51-58 Calcium Kinetic and Mechanical Regulation of the Cardiac Muscle....Pages 59-77 Cellular Responses to Electrical Stimulation: A Study Using a Model of the Ventricular Cardiac Action Potential....Pages 79-90 Excitation-Contraction Coupling and Contractile Protein Function in Failing and Nonfailing Human Myocardium....Pages 91-100 Front Matter....Pages 101-101 Estimation of Myocardial Mechanical Properties with Dynamic Transverse Stiffness....Pages 103-112 Intramyocardial Mechanical States: Vessel-Interstitium-Muscle Interface....Pages 113-123 Myocardial Mechanics and Coronary Flow Dynamics....Pages 125-136 Modeling of Coronary Capillary Flow....Pages 137-150 Front Matter....Pages 151-151 Models for Coronary Pressure-Flow Relationships....Pages 153-161 In Vivo Myocardial Microcirculation: Evaluation with a Whole-Body X-Ray CT Method....Pages 163-171 Endocardial Coronary Microcirculation of the Beating Heart....Pages 173-180 Distribution and Control of Coronary Microvascular Resistance....Pages 181-188 Theoretical Analysis of Coronary Blood Flow and Tissue Oxygen Pressure-Control....Pages 189-195 Front Matter....Pages 197-197 Adenosine Coronary Vasodilation During Hypoxia Depends on Adrenergic Receptor Activation....Pages 199-205 Chaos in Cardiac Signals....Pages 207-218 Front Matter....Pages 197-197 Intramyocardial Fluid Transport Effects on Coronary Flow and Left Ventricular Mechanics....Pages 219-231 Metabolic Protection of Post-Ischemic Phosphorylation Potential and Ventricular Performance....Pages 233-241 Metabolic and Mechanical Control of the Microcirculation....Pages 243-254 Front Matter....Pages 255-255 Asymmetrical Changes in Ventricular Wall Mass by Asynchronous Electrical Activation of the Heart....Pages 257-264 Ventricular Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction....Pages 265-276 Arterial Remodelling after Percutaneous Transluminal Balloon Angioplasty....Pages 277-282 Structural and Functional Remodeling of Poststenotic Arteries in the Rat....Pages 283-290 Myocardial Collagen and Its Functional Role....Pages 291-298 Front Matter....Pages 299-299 Ventricular-Arterial Interaction: Cardiac Effects of Mean versus Pulsatile Arterial Load....Pages 301-312 The Veins and Ventricular Preload....Pages 313-317 Why Smaller Animals Have Higher Heart Rates....Pages 319-323 Feedback Effects in Heart-Arterial System Interaction....Pages 325-333 Front Matter....Pages 335-335 The Relationship between Altered Load and Impaired Diastolic Function in Conscious Dogs with Pacing Induced Heart Failure....Pages 337-345 Interactions:The Integrated Functioning of Heart and Lungs....Pages 347-364 Carotid-Cardiac Interaction: Heart Rate Variability During the Unblocking of the Carotid Artery....Pages 365-372 Right and Left Ventricle Interaction and Remodeling in Congenital Heart Disease....Pages 373-381 Macroscopic Three-Dimensional Motion Patterns of the Left Ventricle....Pages 383-392 Cardiovascular Flow Velocity Measurements by 2D Doppler Imaging for Assessment of Vascular Function....Pages 393-399 Back Matter....Pages 401-427