Inherent Human Rights: Philosophical Roots of the Universal Declaration (Pennsylvania Studies in Human Rights)

Confronting the evils of World War II and building on the legacy of the 1776 Declaration of Independence and the 1789 French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, a group of world citizens including Eleanor Roosevelt drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Adopted by the United Nations in 1948, the Universal Declaration has been translated into 300 languages and has become the basis for most other international human rights texts and norms. In spite of the global success of this document, however, a philosophical disconnect exists between what major theorists have said a human right is and the foundational text of the very movement they advocate. In Inherent Human Rights: Philosophical Roots of the Universal Declaration , philosopher and political theorist Johannes Morsink offers an alternative to contemporary assumptions. A major historian of the Universal Declaration, Morsink traces the philosophical roots of the Declaration back to the Enlightenment and to a shared revulsion at the horrors of the Holocaust. He defends the Declaration's perspective that all people have human rights simply by virtue of being born into the human family and that human beings have these rights regardless of any government or court action (or inaction). Like mathematical principles, human rights are truly universal, not the products of a particular culture, economic scheme, or political system. Our understanding of their existence can be blocked only by madness and false ideologies. Morsink argues that the drafters of the Declaration shared this metaphysical view of human rights. By denying the inherence of human rights and their metaphysical nature, and removing the concepts of the Declaration from their historical and philosophical context, contemporary constructivist scholars and pragmatic activists create an unnecessary and potentially dangerous political fog. The book carefully dissects various human rights models and ends with a defense of the Declaration's cosmopolitan vision against charges of unrealistic utopianism and Western ethnocentrism. Inherent Human Rights takes exception to the reigning view that the Golden Rule is the best defense of human rights. Instead, it calls for us to "follow the lead of the Declaration's drafters and liberate the idea of human rights from the realm of the political and the juridical, which is where contemporary theorists have imprisoned it." Confronting The Evils Of World War Ii And Building On The Legacy Of The 1776 Declaration Of Independence And The 1789 French Declaration Of The Rights Of Man And Of The Citizen, A Group Of World Citizens Including Eleanor Roosevelt Drafted The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights. Adopted By The United Nations In 1948, The Universal Declaration Has Been Translated Into Three Hundred Languages And Has Become The Basis For Most Other International Human Rights Texts And Norms. In Spite Of The Global Success Of This Document, However, A Philosophical Disconnect Exists Between What Major Theorists Have Said A Human Right Is And The Foundational Text Of The Very Movement They Advocate. In Inherent Human Rights: Philosophical Roots Of The Universal Declaration, Philosopher And Political Theorist Johannes Morsink Offers An Alternative To Contemporary Assumptions. A Major Historian Of The Universal Declaration, Morsink Traces The Philosophical Roots Of The Declaration Back To The Enlightenment And To A Shared Revulsion At The Horrors Of The Holocaust. He Defends The Declaration's Perspective That All People Have Human Rights Simply By Virtue Of Being Born Into The Human Family And That Human Beings Have These Rights Regardless Of Any Government Or Court Action (or Inaction). Like Mathematical Principles, Human Rights Are Truly Universal, Not The Products Of A Particular Culture, Economic Scheme, Or Political System. Our Understanding Of Their Existence Can Be Blocked Only By Madness And False Ideologies. Morsink Argues That The Drafters Of The Declaration Shared This Metaphysical View Of Human Rights. By Denying The Inherence Of Human Rights And Their Metaphysical Nature, And Removing The Concepts Of The Declaration From Their Historical And Philosophical Context, Contemporary Constructivist Scholars And Pragmatic Activists Create An Unnecessary And Potentially Dangerous Political Fog. The Book Carefully Dissects Various Human Rights Models And Ends With A Defense Of The Declaration's Cosmopolitan Vision Against Charges Of Unrealistic Utopianism And Western Ethnocentrism. Inherent Human Rights Takes Exception To The Reigning View That The Golden Rule Is The Best Defense Of Human Rights. Instead, It Calls For Us To Follow The Lead Of The Declaration's Drafters And Liberate The Idea Of Human Rights From The Realm Of The Political And The Juridical, Which Is Where Contemporary Theorists Have Imprisoned It.--jacket. The Metaphysics Of Inherence -- Obeying The Conscience Of Humanity -- The Shortcomings Of The Golden Rule -- Human Rights Cosmopolitanism -- The Charge Of Unrealistic Utopianism -- Human Rights And Democratic Participation. Johannes Morsink. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [278]-302) And Index.

Confronting the evils of World War II and building on the legacy of the 1776 Declaration of Independence and the 1789 French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, a group of world citizens including Eleanor Roosevelt drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Adopted by the United Nations in 1948, the Universal Declaration has been translated into 300 languages and has become the basis for most other international human rights texts and norms. In spite of the global success of this document, however, a philosophical disconnect exists between what major theorists have said a human right is and the foundational text of the very movement they advocate.

In Inherent Human Rights: Philosophical Roots of the Universal Declaration, philosopher and political theorist Johannes Morsink offers an alternative to contemporary assumptions. A major historian of the Universal Declaration, Morsink traces the philosophical roots of the Declaration back to the Enlightenment and to a shared revulsion at the horrors of the Holocaust. He defends the Declaration's perspective that all people have human rights simply by virtue of being born into the human family and that human beings have these rights regardless of any government or court action (or inaction). Like mathematical principles, human rights are truly universal, not the products of a particular culture, economic scheme, or political system. Our understanding of their existence can be blocked only by madness and false ideologies. Morsink argues that the drafters of the Declaration shared this metaphysical view of human rights. By denying the inherence of human rights and their metaphysical nature, and removing the concepts of the Declaration from their historical and philosophical context, contemporary constructivist scholars and pragmatic activists create an unnecessary and potentially dangerous political fog. The book carefully dissects various human rights models and ends with a defense of the Declaration's cosmopolitan vision against charges of unrealistic utopianism and Western ethnocentrism.

Inherent Human Rights takes exception to the reigning view that the Golden Rule is the best defense of human rights. Instead, it calls for us to "follow the lead of the Declaration's drafters and liberate the idea of human rights from the realm of the political and the juridical, which is where contemporary theorists have imprisoned it."

"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted in 1948, has become the moral backbone of more than two hundred human rights instruments that are now a part of our world. The document has been a source of hope and inspiration to thousands of groups and millions of oppressed individuals." "Johannes Morsink offers a behind-the-scenes account of the Declaration's origins and development. He reports on the detailed discussions that took place in the United Nations, tells us which countries argued for or against each provision of the Declaration, explains why certain important amendments were rejected, and shows how common revulsion toward the Holocaust provided the consensus needed to adopt this universal code of ethics."--Jacket Morsink asserts that all people have human rights simply by virtue of being born into the human family and that we can know these rights without the aid of experts. He shows how the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights grew out of Enlightenment principles honed by a shared revulsion at the horrors of the Holocaust.