Industrial transformation : environmental policy innovation in the United States and Europe ; [presented at a workshop at the Kennedy School of Havard University in spring of 2001

The United States and European countries are experimenting with a new generation of policy approaches for combating environmental degradation. Industrial Transformation evaluates the effectiveness of twelve innovative voluntary, collaborative, and information-based programs, focusing particularly on the effectiveness of these programs in bringing about industrial transformation -- changes in production and consumption structures that will help move their societies toward environmental sustainability.The twelve programs analyzed have the potential to create incentives for industry leadership, stimulate beyond-compliance behavior, address environmental degradation not currently regulated, and encourage innovative solutions by involving a wide range of stakeholders. The programs -- six in the United States and six in Europe -- include Energy Star product labeling in the United States, R&D collaboration in US Department of Energy programs, the US Toxic Release Inventories, the EU's Eco-Audit Regulation in the UK, the Dutch Target Group Policy, and the German End-of-Life Vehicles Program. The comparative analysis of the twelve programs proves that these new approaches are not a panacea for industrial transformation. Taken together, the cases provide a range of experience from which to draw lessons for future policy design. About the Authors......Page 8 A Word to Readers......Page 10 1 Introduction: Toward a New Paradigm for the Transition to a Sustainable Industrial Society?......Page 12 I Industry Sector Approaches......Page 48 2 Dutch Target Group Policy......Page 50 3 Building Sector-Based Consensus: A Review of the US EPA’s Common Sense Initiative......Page 76 4 Voluntary Approaches in Waste Management: The Case of the German ELV Program......Page 104 5 Dynamics of Voluntary Product Labeling Programs: An Energy Star Case Study......Page 130 6 Reaching Environmental Goals through R&D Collaboration: Lessons from the US Department of Energy Programs for Gas Turbines and Solar Photovoltaics......Page 158 7 Cleaner Technology in Denmark: Support Measures and Regulatory Efforts......Page 186 II Firm-Level Approaches......Page 212 8 The Dutch Policy Program on Environmental Management: Policy Implementation in Networks......Page 214 9 Voluntary Regulation and Industrial Capacities for Environmental Improvement: The Case of the EU Eco-Audit Regulation (EMAS) in the United Kingdom......Page 240 10 Tiered Environmental Regulation: Lessons from the StarTrack Program......Page 264 11 Cooperative Environmental Regulation: Examining Project XL......Page 290 12 Disclosure of Toxic Releases in the United States......Page 318 13 Corporate Environmental Reporting in Norway: Beyond Emission Control?......Page 346 14 Conclusions: Lessons for the Design and Use of Voluntary, Collaborative, and Information-Based Approaches to Environmental Policy......Page 372 Index......Page 400 The United States and European countries are experimenting with a new generation of policy approaches for combating environmental degradation. Industrial Transformation evaluates the effectiveness of twelve innovative voluntary, collaborative, and information-based programs, focusing particularly on the effectiveness of these programs in bringing about industrial transformation-changes in production and consumption structures that will help move their societies toward environmental sustainability.The twelve programs analyzed have the potential to create incentives for industry leadership, stimulate beyond-compliance behavior, address environmental degradation not currently regulated, and encourage innovative solutions by involving a wide range of stakeholders. The programs-six in the United States and six in Europe-include Energy Star product labeling in the United States, R&D collaboration in US Department of Energy programs, the US Toxic Release Inventories, the EU's Eco-Audit Regulation as implemented in the United Kingdom, the Dutch Target Group Policy, and the German End-of-Life Vehicles Program. The comparative analysis of the twelve programs proves that these new approaches are not a panacea for industrial transformation. Taken together, the cases provide a range of experiences from which to draw lessons for future policy design.

The United States and European countries are experimenting with a new generation of policy approaches for combating environmental degradation. Industrial Transformation evaluates the effectiveness of twelve innovative voluntary, collaborative, and information-based programs,focusing particularly on the effectiveness of these programs in bringing about industrial transformation — changes in production and consumption structures that will help move their societies toward environmental sustainability.The twelve programs analyzed have the potential to create incentives for industry leadership, stimulate beyond-compliance behavior, address environmental degradation not currently regulated, and encourage innovative solutions by involving a wide range of stakeholders. The programs — six in the United States and six in Europe — include Energy Star product labeling in the United States, R&D collaboration in US Department of Energy programs, the US Toxic Release Inventories, the EU's Eco-Audit Regulation in the UK, the Dutch Target Group Policy, and the German End-of-Life Vehicles Program. The comparative analysis of the twelve programs proves that these new approaches are not a panacea for industrial transformation.

Taken together, the cases provide a range of experience from which to draw lessons for future policy design.

The United States and European countries are experimenting with a new generation of policy approaches for combating environmental degradation. Industrial Transformation evaluates the effectiveness of twelve innovative voluntary, collaborative, and information-based programs, focusing particularly on the effectiveness of these programs in bringing about industrial transformation--changes in production and consumption structures that will help move their societies toward environmental sustainability. The twelve programs analyzed have the potential to create incentives for industry leadership, stimulate beyond-compliance behavior, address environmental degradation not currently regulated, and encourage innovative solutions by involving a wide range of stakeholders. The programs--six in the United States and six in Europe--include Energy Star product labeling in the United States, R & D collaboration in US Department of Energy programs, the US Toxic Release Inventories, the EU's Eco-Audit Regulation in the UK, the Dutch Target Group Policy, and the German End-of-Life Vehicles Program. The comparative analysis of the twelve programs proves that these new approaches are not a panacea for industrial transformation. Taken together, the cases provide a range of experience from which to draw lessons for future policy design When environmental degradation emerged as a priority for government action in the early 1970s, most industrialized countries enacted media-specific legislation based on direct regulation that resulted in a set of ambient, emission, and technology standards that were enforced through permitting systems. Edited By Theo De Bruijn And Vicki Norberg-bohm. The Papers Included Were First Presented At A Workshop At The Kennedy School Of Harvard University In The Spring Of 2001--p. [ix]. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.