راهنمای سیستم‌های بی‌سیم تمام‌دوپلکس در باند

Many wireless systems could benefit from the ability to transmit and receive on the same frequency at the same time, which is known as In-Band Full-Duplex (IBFD). This technology could lead to enhanced spectral efficiency for future wireless networks, such as fifth-generation New Radio (5G NR) and beyond, and could enable capabilities and applications that were previously considered impossible, such as IBFD with phased array systems. In this exciting new book, experts from industry, academic, and federal research institutions discuss the various approaches that can be taken to suppress the inherent self-interference that is generated in IBFD systems. Both static and adaptive techniques that span across the propagation, analog and digital domains are presented. Details and measured results that encompass high-isolation antenna designs, RF, and photonic cancellation as well as signal processing approaches, which include beamforming and linear/non-linear equalization are detailed. Throughout this book, state-of-the-art IBFD systems that utilize these technologies will be provided as practical examples for various applications. Expert IBFD perspectives from multiple research organizations and companies, which would provide readers with the most accurate state-of-the-art approaches. This is the first book that dives into both the techniques that make IBFD systems possible as well as several different applications that use IBFD technology. In-Band Full-DuplexWireless Systems Handbook Contents Foreword Preface Chapter 1 In-Band Full-Duplex Overview 1.1 Introduction 1.2 System Overview 1.2.1 Transceiver Diagram 1.2.2 Self-Interference Cancellation Techniques 1.3 Literature Review 1.3.1 Publications 1.3.2 System Survey 1.4 Book Organization 1.5 Practical Considerations 1.6 Conclusion 1.6.1 Summary 1.6.2 Future Directions References Chapter 2 Antenna Subsystems 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Bistatic Antenna Subsystems 2.2.1 Introduction 2.2.2 Decoupling Techniques 2.2.3 Merits and Challenges 2.3 Monostatic Antenna Subsystems 2.3.1 Introduction 2.3.2 Antiphase Spiral 2.3.3 Sequentially Rotated Array Antennas 2.3.4 Circular Arrays 2.3.5 Balanced Feed Networks 2.3.6 Performance Comparison 2.4 Quasi-Monostatic Antenna Subsystems 2.4.1 Introduction 2.4.2 Single Reflector 2.4.3 Dual Reflector 2.5 Hybrid Antenna Subsystems 2.6 Practical Considerations 2.7 Conclusion 2.7.1 Summary 2.7.2 Future Directions References Chapter 3 Electrical Balance Duplexers 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Principles of Operation 3.2.1 Pre-Electronic Telephone 3.2.2 Tx-Rx Isolation 3.2.3 Tx and Rx Insertion Losses 3.3 Balancing Networks 3.3.1 Wideband Balancing 3.3.2 Passive Balancing Networks 3.3.3 Active Balancing Networks 3.3.4 Prototype and Measurement Results 3.4 Dynamic Adaptation 3.4.1 Environmental Interaction 3.4.2 Dynamic Simulations 3.4.3 Real-Time Adaptive Implementation 3.4.4 Measurement Environments 3.4.5 Results 3.5 Practical Considerations 3.6 Conclusion 3.6.1 Summary 3.6.2 Future Directions References Chapter 4 Nonmagnetic Circulators 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Nonmagnetic Nonreciprocal Circulators Based on Permittivity Modulation 4.2.1 Circulators Based on Parametric Modulation 4.2.2 Circulators Based on Angular Momentum Biasing 4.3 Nonmagnetic Nonreciprocal Circulators Based on Conductivity Modulation 4.3.1 Switched-Capacitor-Based Structures 4.3.2 Switched-Delay Structures 4.4 Practical Considerations 4.5 Conclusion 4.5.1 Summary 4.5.2 Future Directions References Chapter 5 Photonic-Based Antenna Interfaces 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Analog Photonic Front-End Cancellation Techniques 5.2.1 Counterpropagating Cancellation 5.2.2 Subtraction Cancellation 5.3 Practical Considerations 5.4 Conclusion 5.4.1 Summary 5.4.2 Future Directions References Chapter 6 Code-Based RF Filtering 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Code-Domain Principle 6.3 System-Level Discussion 6.3.1 Spectral Efficiency 6.3.2 Code-Domain Codes 6.3.3 Jammer and Noise Tolerance 6.3.4 Multipath Tolerance 6.4 CMOS Techniques for RF Code-Domain Rx Front Ends 6.4.1 Modulating N-Path Filters with PN Codes 6.4.2 Code-Selective Bandpass Filters 6.4.3 Code-Selective Notch Filters 6.4.4 LNA with CSF 6.5 CMOS Techniques for Tx Code-Domain Modulation and Spectral Shaping 6.5.1 High-Power, High-Modulation BW CMOS Switch Design 6.5.2 Spectral Shaping Approaches 6.6 Practical Considerations 6.7 Conclusion 6.7.1 Summary 6.7.2 Future Directions References Chapter 7 Photonic-Based RF Filtering 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Concept and Theory 7.3 Measured Data 7.4 Practical Considerations 7.5 Conclusion 7.5.1 Summary 7.5.2 Future Directions References Chapter 8 Time-Domain RF Cancellation 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Cancellation Objective 8.3 Time-Domain Approach 8.4 Design Considerations 8.4.1 Delay Spread 8.4.2 Instantaneous Bandwidth 8.5 RF Canceller Examples 8.5.1 A 4-Tap Design 8.5.2 An 80-Tap Design 8.6 Advanced Tuning Approaches 8.7 Practical Considerations 8.8 Conclusion 8.8.1 Summary 8.8.2 Future Directions References Chapter 9 Frequency-Domain RF Cancellation 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Integrated N-Path-Filter-Based Wideband RF SIC 9.2.1 Concept of Frequency-Domain Equalization 9.2.2 Integrated RF BPFs 9.3 A 0.8–1.4-GHz Rx with FDE-Based SIC 9.3.1 Integrated Two-Port N-Path Canceller Filter with Embedded Phase Shifting 9.3.2 Implementation and Measurement Results 9.4 A 0.5–2.5-GHz Rx with N-Path-Filter-Based SIC 9.4.1 Integrated Self-Adaptive Wideband Interference Cancellation 9.4.2 Implementation and Measurement Results 9.5 Design and Experimentation Using Frequency-Domain RF Cancellers 9.6 Practical Considerations 9.7 Conclusion 9.7.1 Summary 9.7.2 Future Directions References Chapter 10 Digitally-Assisted RF Cancellation 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Digitally-Assisted RF Cancellation with All-Digital Inputs 10.3 Digitally-Assisted RF Cancellation with Analog and Digital Inputs 10.3.1 Analog and Digital Inputs for All-Digital Taps 10.3.2 Analog and Digital Inputs for Jointly Designed Analog and Digital Taps 10.3.3 Analog and Digital Inputs for RF Vector Modulators 10.4 Practical Considerations 10.5 Conclusion 10.5.1 Summary 10.5.2 Future Directions References Chapter 11 Spline-Based Nonlinear Digital Cancellation 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Related Works 11.3 Analog Impairments 11.3.1 IQ Imbalance 11.3.2 Nonlinear Distortion 11.3.3 Quantization Noise 11.3.4 Phase Noise 11.4 Digital SI Modeling and Cancellation 11.4.1 Basic Transceiver Model 11.4.2 Polynomial-Based Signal Models 11.4.3 Hammerstein Spline-Based Signal Model 11.5 Measurement Results 11.6 Practical Considerations 11.7 Conclusion 11.7.1 Summary 11.7.2 Future Directions References Chapter 12 Reference-Based Nonlinear Digital Cancellation 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Robust In-Band Nonlinear Digital Cancellation 12.2.1 Overview of the Approach 12.2.2 A Practical View of Distortion 12.2.3 Digital Cancellation for STAR 12.2.4 Measured Performance 12.3 Practical Considerations 12.4 Conclusion 12.4.1 Summary 12.4.2 Future Directions References Chapter 13 Phased Array Systems 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Isolation Metrics for Phased Arrays 13.3 Signal Model for Phased Arrays 13.4 SI Mitigation in Phased Arrays 13.4.1 SIC 13.4.2 Spatial Cancellation with Beamforming 13.5 Practical Considerations 13.6 Conclusion 13.6.1 Summary 13.6.2 Future Directions References Chatper 14 MIMO Array Systems 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Challenges with Multi-Antenna Technologies 14.2.1 Power Handling 14.2.2 Canceller Complexity 14.3 Prior Art 14.4 Phased Arrays Based on SIC via Beamforming 14.4.1 System Considerations 14.4.2 RF SIC via Joint Tx and Rx Beamforming 14.4.3 Integrated Circuit Implementation 14.5 MIMO Arrays Based on Shared-Delay Cancellation 14.5.1 System Considerations 14.5.2 Integrated Circuit Implementation 14.6 Practical Considerations 14.7 Conclusion 14.7.1 Summary 14.7.2 Future Directions References Chapter 15 Photonic-Based Cancellation Systems 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Discrete MPCs 15.3 RF Performance Metrics 15.3.1 Link Loss 15.3.2 Noise Figure 15.4 Balanced MPCs 15.5 Integrated MPCs 15.6 Practical Considerations 15.7 Conclusion 15.7.1 Summary 15.7.2 Future Directions References Chapter 16 Backscatter Modulation Applications 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Antenna Scattering 16.2.1 General Theory 16.2.2 Thévenin Equivalent Circuit 16.3 Backscatter Modulation Communication Framework 16.3.1 Channel Model for ReflectFX Communication 16.3.2 Communication Forward Link 16.3.3 Communication Backscatter Link 16.4 ReflectFX Load Optimization 16.4.1 Parallel and Series Circuit Implementations 16.4.2 Mobile Received Power 16.4.3 Backscatter Transmission 16.4.4 Optimum Modulation Impedance 16.5 ReflectFX Performance Analysis 16.5.1 Transmit Power Normalization 16.5.2 Modulation-Impedance Design 16.5.3 Ergodic Capacity Evaluation 16.5.4 ReflectFX Versus Half-Duplex 16.5.5 ReflectFX Versus Conventional IBFD 16.6 Practical Considerations 16.7 Conclusion 16.7.1 Summary 16.7.2 Future Directions References Chapter 17 Military Applications 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Overview of Global Research 17.2.1 Prior Art Before 2017 17.2.2 Seminal Research in Finland 17.2.3 NATO Science and Technology Organization 17.2.4 Related Activities 17.3 System Concepts and Experimentation 17.3.1 Tactical Communications 17.3.2 Reception While Transmitting Jamming 17.3.3 Reception While Transmitting Tactical Communications 17.4 Practical Considerations 17.5 Conclusion 17.5.1 Summary 17.5.2 Future Directions 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