Immigration and Welfare State Retrenchment : Why the US Experience Is Not Reflected in Western Europe

Is large-scale immigration to Europe incompatible with the continent’s generous and encompassing welfare states? Are Europeans willing to share welfare benefits with ethnically different and often less well-off immigrants? Or do they regard the newcomers as undeserving and their claim for welfare rights as unjustified? These questions are at the heart of what has become known as the “New Progressive Dilemma” (NPD) debate—and the predominant answers given to them are rather pessimistic. Pointing to the experiences of the US, where a multi-racial society in combination with a longstanding history of immigration encounters very limited welfare provision, many Europeans fear that the continent’s new immigrant-based heterogeneity may push it toward more American levels of redistribution. But are the conflictual US experiences really reflected in the European context? __Immigration and Welfare State Retrenchment__ addresses this question by connecting the New Progressive Dilemma debate with comparative welfare state and party research in order to analyze the role ethnic diversity plays in welfare reforms in the US and Europe. Whereas the combination of racial patterns and party politics had and still has serious consequences for the US welfare system, the general message of the book is that these are not echoed in the Western European context. In addition, while many Europeans are very critical of immigration and prepared to ban immigrants from welfare benefits, both the institutional design of European welfare programs and the economically divided anti-immigrant movement prevent immigration concerns from translating into actual retrenchment in the core areas of welfare. Title Pages Dennis C. Spies Title Pages Dennis C. Spies (p.i) Immigration and Welfare State Retrenchment (p.ii) (p.iii) Immigration and Welfare State Retrenchment Title Pages (p.v) Acknowledgments Dennis C. Spies (p.v) Acknowledgments Dennis C. Spies (p.ix) List of Figures Dennis C. Spies (p.ix) List of Figures Dennis C. Spies (p.xi) List of Tables Dennis C. Spies (p.xi) List of Tables Dennis C. Spies (p.xi) List of Tables Introduction Dennis C. Spies Introduction Dennis C. Spies Abstract and Keywords Introduction Introduction Introduction Anti-minority Sentiments and Welfare Support Introduction Immigration and Welfare Spending Introduction Introduction Line of Reasoning and Structure of Chapters Introduction Introduction Introduction Notes: Introduction The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research Dennis C. Spies The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research Dennis C. Spies Abstract and Keywords The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research Public Support The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research Welfare Institutions The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research Political Parties The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The Analytical Framework The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research Notes: The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research The New Progressive Dilemma through the Lens of Comparative Welfare State and Party Research Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Dennis C. Spies Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Dennis C. Spies Abstract and Keywords Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US (p.41) Race, Racial Attitudes and Welfare Support Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US The Race Coding of Welfare and the Popularity of Social Security Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Foundational Phase: the Legacy of the New Deal Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Expansionist Phase: the Establishment of OAI and the Racialization of AFDC Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Retrenchment Phase: the Resiliency of OAI and the Abolition of AFDC Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US (p.65) The PRWORA Act of 1996 Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Summary Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US Notes: Racial Diversity, Immigration, and Social Spending in the US European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration Dennis C. Spies European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration Dennis C. Spies Abstract and Keywords European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration The Institutional Designs of European Welfare Programs European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration Immigrants in the Welfare States of Europe European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration Summary Notes: European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration European Welfare Programs in the Era of Immigration Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Dennis C. Spies Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Dennis C. Spies Abstract and Keywords Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns and Support for Welfare Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Welfare Institutions, Immigration, and Welfare Support Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Data and Methods Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Results Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Summary Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe Notes: Immigration, Immigration-Related Concerns, and Welfare Support in Europe The Alignment and Representation of European Voters Dennis C. Spies The Alignment and Representation of European Voters Dennis C. Spies Abstract and Keywords The Alignment and Representation of European Voters Voter–Party Alignments and Representation: What Can We Learn from the US? The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment of Native and Immigrant Voters in Europe Data and Methods The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters Results The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters Representation: Does Immigration Affect European Parties’ Welfare Policies? The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters Data and Methods The Alignment and Representation of European Voters Results The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters Summary The Alignment and Representation of European Voters Notes: The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Alignment and Representation of European Voters The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe Dennis C. Spies The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe Dennis C. Spies Abstract and Keywords The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Conditional Effect of Immigration on Welfare State Retrenchment The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe Data and Methods The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe Results The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe (p.156) Immigration, Social Assistance, and Welfare Chauvinism The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe Summary Notes: The Effects of Immigration on Welfare Spending in Europe Conclusions Dennis C. Spies Conclusions Dennis C. Spies Abstract and Keywords Conclusions Conclusions Conclusions Conclusions Conclusions Conclusions (p.167) Appendix 1 Appendix to Chapter 2 Dennis C. Spies (p.167) Appendix 1 Appendix to Chapter 2 Dennis C. Spies (p.167) Appendix 1 Appendix to Chapter 2 (p.167) Appendix 1 Appendix to Chapter 2 (p.167) Appendix 1 Appendix to Chapter 2 (p.167) Appendix 1 Appendix to Chapter 2 (p.167) Appendix 1 Appendix to Chapter 2 (p.167) Appendix 1 Appendix to Chapter 2 (p.171) Appendix 2 Appendix to Chapter 5 Dennis C. Spies (p.171) Appendix 2 Appendix to Chapter 5 Dennis C. Spies (p.172) Appendix 3 Appendix to Chapter 6 Dennis C. Spies (p.172) Appendix 3 Appendix to Chapter 6 Dennis C. Spies (p.173) Bibliography Dennis C. Spies (p.173) Bibliography Dennis C. Spies (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.173) Bibliography (p.194) Index Dennis C. Spies (p.194) Index (p.194) Index (p.194) Index (p.194) Index Is large-scale immigration to Europe incompatible with the continent's generous and encompassing welfare states? Are Europeans willing to share welfare benefits with ethnically different and often less well-off immigrants? Or do they regard the newcomers as undeserving and their claim for welfare rights as unjustified? These questions are at the heart of what has to become known as the 'New Progressive Dilemma' debate ― and the predominant answers given to them are rather pessimistic. Pointing to the experiences of the US, where a multi-racial society in combination with a longstanding history of immigration encounters very limited welfare provision, many Europeans fear that the continent's new immigrant-based heterogeneity may push it toward more American levels of redistribution. But are the conflictual US experiences really resembled in the European context? Immigration and Welfare State Retrenchment addresses this question by connecting the New Progressive Dilemma debate with comparative welfare state and party research in order to analyse the role ethnic diversity plays for welfare reforms in the US and Europe. Whereas the combination of racial patterns and party politics had and still has serious consequences for the US welfare system, the general message of the book is that these are not resembled in the Western European context. While many Europeans are very critical of immigration and willing to ban immigrants from welfare benefits, both the institutional design of European welfare programs and the economically divided anti-immigrant movement prevent immigration concerns from translating into actual retrenchment in the core areas of welfare.