ICSDC 2011 : integrating sustainability practices in the construction industry : proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Sustainable Design and Construction, March 23-25, 2011, Kansas City, Missouri

Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Sustainable Design and Construction, held in Kansas City, Missouri, March 23-25, 2011. Sponsored by the Construction Institute of ASCE; University of Kansas. This collection contains 88 papers examining the state of the art and practice in sustainable design and construction around the world. Construction researchers, educators, and practitioners describe new techniques and technologies to support sustainable design and construction. Many papers invoke integrated project design (IPD), which brings key members of the design and construction team together with the owner and others from the start of the project to deliver a project that is not only functional and economical but also environmentally friendly and energy efficient. Topics include: climate change, emissions, and modeling of carbon and energy use; case studies on sustainability implementation; sustainable policy, corporate sustainability, and social sustainability; education in sustainability; energy sustainability, including energy efficiency, renewable energy, and net zero energy; sustainability implementation on projects; design and process sustainability; sustainable materials; urban sustainability; and infrastructure and transportation sustainability. These papers will be of interest to owners and developers; engineers and architects; construction professionals, educators, and researchers; students; and other professionals working to promote sustainable design and construction. This collection contains 88 papers on sustainable design and construction presented at the 2011 International Conference on Sustainable Design and Construction, held in Kansas City, Missouri, March 23-25, 2011 Cover 1 Contents 8 Climate Change and Emissions and Modeling of Carbon and Energy Use 14 Carbon Emissions Quantification and Verification Strategies for Large-Scale Construction Projects 14 Carbon Emission Modeling for Green Building: A Comprehensive Study of Methodologies 22 Establishing a Carbon Emissions Baseline for Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) Buildings 31 STEVE Tool: Bridging the Gap between Urban Climatology Research and Urban Planning Process 38 Simulation of the Impact of Climate Change on the Current Building’s Residential Envelope Thermal Transfer Value (ETTV) Regulation in Singapore 47 Methodology of Data Collection and Energy Analysis for a Large Scale Agency 56 Case Studies and Verifications of Sustainability Implementation 63 Energy Consumption of Housing: A Case Study of RE and SB Construction in Northern Colorado 63 Survey of Colorado Housing Authorities’ Utilization of Green Building Technology 70 Failure Investigation of Olympic-Sized Swimming Pool 78 Performance of Greenery Systems in Zero Energy Building of Singapore 87 Influence of Water Bodies on Outdoor Air Temperature in Hot and Humid Climate 94 Performance of Passive Design Features in Zero Energy Building of Singapore 103 The Business Case for Using Compressed Natural Gas Fuel in Concrete Mixer Trucks 111 Environmental Implications of Residential Greywater Use: A Case Study of Glade Reservoir in Northern Colorado 118 Sustainable Policy and Corporate Sustainability 125 Green Building Policy and School Performance 125 Attributes Influencing the Determination of Building Adaptation Potential for Public Housing in Singapore: Occupants’ Perspectives 132 Review of Current Legislation, Codes, and Certifications Increasing the Sustainability Standards for Construction Operations 142 Savings to Sustainability: A Proposed Project Finance Method to Deliver Sustainable Federal Buildings 149 LEED Economic Assessment Program (LEAP) 157 Sustainability Rating System for Construction Corporations: A Best Practice Review 164 Social Sustainability and Education in Sustainability 174 Avoiding Greenwash by Design: Resolving Market and Socio-Environmental Ethical Conflicts 174 Greening the Campus through Integrated Teaching and Research 180 Sustainability Education in the United States: Analyses of the Curricula Used in Construction Programs 185 Using the Workforce’s Physiological Strain Monitoring to Enhance Social Sustainability of Construction 193 Prevention through Design: An Important Aspect of Social Sustainability 200 Assessing Integration and Project Performance in Student Teams in Teaching Sustainable Built Environment 209 Energy Sustainability Part I: Energy Efficiency 216 Barriers to the Delivery of Building Renovations for Improved Energy Performance: A Literature Review and Case Study 216 Investigating the Set of Parameters Influencing Building Energy Consumption 224 Evaluation of the Thermal Performance of Radiant Barrier in Heating and Cooling Load Reduction of Residential Buildings 235 Exergy Analysis of Energy Use during Building Life Cycle 244 The Prospect for Using Airside Economizers in China 253 Comparative Analysis of Energy Consumption of Green and Non-Green School Buildings 261 The Study of Variation in Gross Building Coverage Ratio on Estate-Level Outdoor Ventilation 268 Effectiveness of External Wall Shading in Reducing the Energy Consumption of Desert Buildings 278 Energy Sustainability Part II: Renewable Energy and Net Zero Energy 289 Optimization of the Hybrid Energy Harvest Systems Sizing for Zero or Zero Net Energy Houses 289 Daylighting Efficiency of External Perforated Solar Screens: Effect of Screen Axial Rotation under Clear Skies 296 BLCC Analysis Derived from BIM and Energy Data of Zero Net Energy Test Home 305 Performance Evaluation of Solar Chimney System in the Tropics 312 Decision Making Aid for Selection of Renewable/Sustainable Energy Systems for Buildings 319 Passive Diurnal and Yearly Solar Energy Control Applied through Calculated Building Surface Exposure at Various Latitudes 327 Improving Buildings’ Energy Performance by Defining Optimum Shape Geometry of Sun-Breakers Window Shading 337 Sustainability Implementation on Projects 348 On-Site Labor Productivity Measurement for Sustainable Construction 348 Achieving Sustainability through Building Information Modeling Workflow 357 A Conceptual Framework for Assessing Climate-Related Heat Effects on Craft Time Utilization in the Construction Industry 365 Evaluation of Green Project Rating System for New Construction Projects 373 Practices, Challenges, and Suggestions in Predicting User Experience during the Programming Phase of Construction Projects 381 Construction Demolition Waste Management in Lebanon 388 Study on the Problems and Countermeasures of Disposal of Construction Waste in Chongqing 397 Subcontractor Involvement in LEED Building Projects 404 Sustainable Construction: Comparison of Environmental Effects of Two Construction Methods 411 Builders’ Role: Innovative Green Technologies’ Integration Process in Construction Projects 419 Implementing Lean Construction Theory into Construction Processes’ Waste Management 427 Development Model for Construction Waste Management of China 434 Design and Process Sustainability 444 Sustainable Design Strategies to Assist the Elderly with Dementia 444 Sustainable Luxury: Case Study of Two LEED Platinum Hotels 456 Toward Effective Visualization of Sustainable Scope Development 463 Bridge Information Modeling in Sustainable Bridge Management 470 Constructing Energy Efficiency: Rethinking and Redesigning the Architectural Detail 480 Non-Invasive 3D Thermal Modeling for Buildings 487 Using Animation and Hypermedia Tools to Spur the Energy Retrofit Market 495 Material Ecologies in Parametric Design Software 501 Can Different Design Codes Give the Accurate Prediction of Moment Capacities of High-Strength Concrete Members? 510 Using High Dynamic Range Photogrammetric Techniques for Optimizing Lighting Energy Saving in Buildings 520 Sustainable Materials 528 Innovative Uses of Quarry Waste and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement 528 Brick Masonry and Sustainable Construction 537 Sustainable Rehabilitation of Porous European Mixes 548 Tire Derived Aggregates As a Sustainable Recycled Material for Retaining Wall Backfills 555 Sustainable Utilization and Experimental Study on Wet Fly Ash by Sea Water 566 LCA-Based Tools for the Selection of Building Materials in Singapore 573 Engineering Sustainable Construction Material: Hemp Fiber Reinforced Composite with Recycled High Density Polyethylene Matrix 582 Selecting Building Materials Using System Dynamics and Ant Colony Optimization 590 World’s First Recycled Plastic Bridges 598 The Environmental Influence of Subway Station on Platform Screen Door System 607 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Asbestos and Lead Building Materials in Schools: Goal and Scope Definition 617 Urban Sustainability 624 Measuring the Sustainability of Existing Communities Using LEED for Neighbourhood Development (LEED-ND) Rating System 624 Creating Self-Sustaining Communities—Reducing the Burdens of Infrastructure, Congestion, and Carbon Emissions 633 Civil City: A 21st Century Paradigm 640 Eco-Village: A Humane Solution to the Homeless 650 Infrastructure and Transportation Sustainability 657 Tunnel Systems: The Green Solution for 21st Century Water Systems 657 Design Standards for Converting Unused Railway Lines into Greenways 667 Sustainable Mobility in Park Areas: The Potential Offered by Guided Transport Systems 674 An Infrastructure Fragmentation Index for Assessing Landscape Fragmentation Due to Transportation Infrastructure 682 Road Network Vulnerability: A Review of the Literature 690 Methodology for Vulnerability Assessment of a Road Network 699 The Human Factor in the Evaluation of a Road Layout in a Virtual Environment: A Case Study 707 A Semi-Automatic Method for Identifying Defects on Road Surfaces 717 Operating Speed Prediction Models for Sustainable Road Safety Management 725 The Integrated Design of Urban Road Intersections: A Case Study 735 Author Index 742 A 742 B 742 C 742 D 742 E 742 F 742 G 742 H 743 I 743 J 743 K 743 L 743 M 743 N 743 O 743 P 743 R 743 S 744 T 744 V 744 W 744 X 744 Y 744 Z 744 Subject Index 746 A 746 B 746 C 746 D 746 E 746 F 746 G 746 H 746 I 747 K 747 L 747 M 747 N 747 O 747 P 747 R 747 S 747 T 747 U 747 V 747 W 747 Content: A Conceptual Framework for Assessing Climate-Related Heat Effects on Craft Time Utilization in the Construction Industry -- Evaluation of Green Project Rating System for New Construction Projects -- Practices, Challenges, and Suggestions in Predicting User Experience during the Programming Phase of Construction Projects -- Construction Demolition Waste Management in Lebanon -- Study on the Problems and Countermeasures of Disposal of Construction Waste in Chongqing -- Subcontractor Involvement in LEED Building Projects -- Sustainable Construction : Comparison of Environmental Effects of Two Construction Methods -- Builders' Role : Innovative Green Technologies' Integration Process in Construction Projects -- Implementing Lean Construction Theory into Construction Processes' Waste Management -- Development Model for Construction Waste Management of China -- Sustainable Design Strategies to Assist the Elderly with Dementia -- Sustainable Luxury : Case Study of Two LEED Platinum Hotels -- Toward Effective Visualization of Sustainable Scope Development -- Bridge Information Modeling in Sustainable Bridge Management -- Constructing Energy Efficiency : Rethinking and Redesigning the Architectural Detail -- Non-Invasive 3D Thermal Modeling for Buildings -- Using Animation and Hypermedia Tools to Spur the Energy Retrofit Market -- Material Ecologies in Parametric Design Software -- Can Different Design Codes Give the Accurate Prediction of Moment Capacities of High-Strength Concrete Members? -- Using High Dynamic Range Photogrammetric Techniques for Optimizing Lighting Energy Saving in Buildings -- Innovative Uses of Quarry Waste and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement -- Brick Masonry and Sustainable Construction -- Sustainable Rehabilitation of Porous European Mixes -- Tire Derived Aggregates as a Sustainable Recycled Material for Retaining Wall Backfills -- Sustainable Utilization and Experimental Study on Wet Fly Ash by Sea Water -- LCA-Based Tools for the Selection of Building Materials in Singapore -- Engineering Sustainable Construction Material : Hemp Fiber Reinforced Composite with Recycled High Density Polyethylene Matrix -- Selecting Building Materials Using System Dynamics and Ant Colony Optimization -- World's First Recycled Plastic Bridges -- The Environmental Influence of Subway Station on Platform Screen Door System -- Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Asbestos and Lead Building Materials in Schools : Goal and Scope Definition -- Measuring the Sustainability of Existing Communities Using LEED for Neighbourhood Development (LEED-ND) Rating System -- Creating Self-Sustaining Communities Reducing the Burdens of Infrastructure, Congestion, and Carbon Emissions -- Civil City : A 21st Century Paradigm -- Eco-Village : A Humane Solution to the Homeless -- Tunnel Systems : The Green Solution for 21st Century Water Systems -- Design Standards for Converting Unused Railway Lines into Greenways -- Sustainable Mobility in Park Areas : The Potential Offered by Guided Transport Systems -- An Infrastructure Fragmentation Index for Assessing Landscape Fragmentation Due to Transportation Infrastructure -- Road Network Vulnerability : A Review of the Literature -- Methodology for Vulnerability Assessment of a Road Network -- The Human Factor in the Evaluation of a Road Layout in a Virtual Environment : A Case Study -- A Semi-Automatic Method for Identifying Defects on Road Surfaces -- Operating Speed Prediction Models for Sustainable Road Safety Management -- The Integrated Design of Urban Road Intersections : A Case Study. Carbon Emissions Quantification and Verification Strategies for Large-Scale Construction Projects -- Carbon Emission Modeling for Green Building : A Comprehensive Study of Methodologies -- Establishing a Carbon Emissions Baseline for Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) Buildings -- STEVE Tool : Bridging the Gap between Urban Climatology Research and Urban Planning Process -- Simulation of the Impact of Climate Change on the Current Building's Residential Envelope Thermal Transfer Value (ETTV) Regulation in Singapore -- Methodology of Data Collection and Energy Analysis for a Large Scale Agency -- Energy Consumption of Housing : A Case Study of RE and SB Construction in Northern Colorado -- Survey of Colorado Housing Authorities' Utilization of Green Building Technology -- Failure Investigation of Olympic-Sized Swimming Pool -- Performance of Greenery Systems in Zero Energy Building of Singapore -- Influence of Water Bodies on Outdoor Air Temperature in Hot and Humid Climate -- Performance of Passive Design Features in Zero Energy Building of Singapore -- The Business Case for Using Compressed Natural Gas Fuel in Concrete Mixer Trucks -- Environmental Implications of Residential Greywater Use : A Case Study of Glade Reservoir in Northern Colorado -- Green Building Policy and School Performance -- Attributes Influencing the Determination of Building Adaptation Potential for Public Housing in Singapore : Occupants' Perspectives -- Review of Current Legislation, Codes, and Certifications Increasing the Sustainability Standards for Construction Operations -- Savings to Sustainability : A Proposed Project Finance Method to Deliver Sustainable Federal Buildings -- LEED Economic Assessment Program (LEAP) -- Sustainability Rating System for Construction Corporations : A Best Practice Review -- Avoiding Greenwash by Design : Resolving Market and Socio-Environmental Ethical Conflicts -- Greening the Campus through Integrated Teaching and Research -- Sustainability Education in the United States : Analyses of the Curricula Used in Construction Programs -- Using the Workforce's Physiological Strain Monitoring to Enhance Social Sustainability of Construction -- Prevention through Design : An Important Aspect of Social Sustainability -- Assessing Integration and Project Performance in Student Teams in Teaching Sustainable Built Environment -- Barriers to the Delivery of Building Renovations for Improved Energy Performance : A Literature Review and Case Study -- Investigating the Set of Parameters Influencing Building Energy Consumption -- Evaluation of the Thermal Performance of Radiant Barrier in Heating and Cooling Load Reduction of Residential Buildings -- Exergy Analysis of Energy Use during Building Life Cycle -- The Prospect for Using Airside Economizers in China -- Comparative Analysis of Energy Consumption of Green and Non-Green School Buildings -- The Study of Variation in Gross Building Coverage Ratio on Estate-Level Outdoor Ventilation -- Effectiveness of External Wall Shading in Reducing the Energy Consumption of Desert Buildings -- Optimization of the Hybrid Energy Harvest Systems Sizing for Zero or Zero Net Energy Houses -- Daylighting Efficiency of External Perforated Solar Screens : Effect of Screen Axial Rotation under Clear Skies -- BLCC Analysis Derived from BIM and Energy Data of Zero Net Energy Test Home -- Performance Evaluation of Solar Chimney System in the Tropics -- Decision Making Aid for Selection of Renewable/Sustainable Energy Systems for Buildings -- Passive Diurnal and Yearly Solar Energy Control Applied through Calculated Building Surface Exposure at Various Latitudes -- Improving Buildings' Energy Performance by Defining Optimum Shape Geometry of Sun-Breakers Window Shading -- On-Site Labor Productivity Measurement for Sustainable Construction -- Achieving Sustainability through Building Information Modeling Workflow.