ICPER 2020: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Production, Energy and Reliability (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)

This book contains papers presented in the 7th International Conference on Production, Energy and Reliability (ICPER 2020) under the banner of World Engineering, Science & Technology Congress (ESTCON2020) held from 14th to 16th July 2020 at Borneo Convention Centre, Kuching, Malaysia. The conference contains papers presented by academics and industrial practitioners showcasing their latest advancements and findings in mechanical engineering areas with an emphasis on sustainability and the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The papers are categorized under the following tracks and topics of research: IoT, Reliability and Simulation Advanced Materials, Corrosion and Autonomous Production Efficient Energy Systems and Thermofluids Production, Manufacturing and Automotive Contents Thermo-Fluids Turbulent Flow Estimation by Wavelet Transform 1 Introduction 2 Material and Method 2.1 Signal Simulation 2.2 Turbulent Jet Flow Image Sequence 2.3 Velocity Field Estimation 2.4 Discrete Wavelet Transform 2.5 Correlation Coefficients and Time Delay Estimation 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Simulation Results 3.2 Turbulent Jet Flow Results 3.3 Comparison to Classical Algorithms 4 Conclusion References Influence of Swirl Flow Pattern in Single Tube Burner on Turbulent Flame Blow-Off Limit 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Implementation 2.1 Combustor Set Up and Diagnostics 2.2 Digital Image Processing 2.3 Uncertainty Analysis 3 Computational Modeling 3.1 Premixed Turbulent Flame Model 3.2 Turbulent Flame Speed Closure Model Theory (TFSC) 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Flame Dynamics 4.2 Flame Temperature 5 Conclusions References Influence of Life Green Wall and Roof Shedding on the Internal Thermal Condition of Buildings: Case Study in Malaysia 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Methodology 2.1 Cases of Study 2.2 Experimental Setup 2.3 Evaluation Parameter 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Heat Gain Analysis 3.2 Temperature Analysis 3.3 Energy Consumption Analysis 4 Conclusion References Production of Volatile and Char During Pyrolysis and Combustion in Domestic Wastewater Sludge by Using Thermogravimetric Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results 3.1 Derivative Thermogravimetric (DTG) 3.2 Total Volatile and Char 4 Conclusion References Char and Ash Forming Elements of Tropical Beach Seawrack 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Ash and Char Yield 3.2 Elemental Composition of Beach-Cast Seagrass Ash 3.3 Char Forming Composition 4 Conclusions References Analysis on Part Load Performance of EC Operations at District Cooling Plant 1 Introduction 2 UTP GDC Plant 3 Methodlogy 4 Operation of ECs 5 Results and Discussion 6 Summarised Results for ECA 7 Summarised Results for ECB 8 Summarised Results for ECC 9 Summarised Results for EC D 10 Discussion 11 Conclusion References Computational Analysis of Air Velocity in a Solar Chimney with an Extended Ground Thermal Absorption Medium 1 Introduction 2 Computational Implementation 2.1 System Modelling 2.2 Numerical Solution 2.3 Boundary Conditions and Material Selection 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Validation 3.2 Velocity Analysis 3.3 Temperature Analysis 4 Conclusion References Preliminary Numerical Evaluation of Temperature Fluctuation in Two Different Converging Mixing-Tee Junctions 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Modelling of Non-isothermal Gas Flow in CFD 3.2 DOE and Model Geometry 3.3 Numerical Model 3.4 Mesh Convergence Test 4 Results and Discussions 4.1 Model Validation 4.2 Spatial Temperature Distribution 4.3 Temporal Temperature Fluctuation 5 Conclusions References Examining Combustion Characteristics of Water-In-Palm Oil Biodiesel Emulsified Fuels for Micro-Explosion 1 Introduction 2 Description of Experimental Setup 2.1 Fuel Preparations 2.2 Properties of the Test Fuels 2.3 Engine Set-Up 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Combustion Characteristics 3.2 Exhaust Emission 4 Conclusion References Effects of Nozzle Diameter and Number of Carbon Atoms in Fuel on Flame Quenching in Counter Burner 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Setup 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Determining the Influencing Factors for Micro-Explosion of Emulsified Biodiesel Fuel 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Emulsion Preparation 2.2 Laboratory Characterization of WiPE 2.3 Micro-Explosion Analysis of WiPE 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Physical Characterization of Water-In-Palm Oil Derived Biodiesel Emulsions 3.2 Ultimate Analysis 3.3 Emulsion Stability—Visual Observation 3.4 Puffing and Micro-Explosion Phenomena 3.5 Sequence Image Towards Micro-Explosion 3.6 WiPE Droplet Temperature 4 Conclusion References Experimental Investigation of Puffing/Microexplosion in Fuel Droplets and Effects of Injection Modes on It 1 Introduction 2 Working Principles 3 Experimental Procedure 4 Analysis 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Effects of Droplet Detachment 5.2 Droplet Dynamics 6 Conclusion References Development of Model and Program for Prediction of Gas Turbine Design Point Unknown Parameters 1 Introduction 2 Thermodynamic Modelling 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Numerical Investigation on the Effect of Vibration on Cooling Enhancement of Heat Sinks 1 Introduction 2 Model Description and Governing Equation 3 Numerical Method 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Validation of Numerical Results 5 Conclusion References Effect of Stator Core Materials on the Performance Characteristics of a Free Piston Linear Generator Engine 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Procedure 2.1 Description of FPLG Engine 2.2 Working Principle and Experimental Procedure 3 Experimental Results and Discussion 3.1 Motion Profile 3.2 Velocity Profile 3.3 Pressure–Volume Diagram 3.4 Power (Root Mean Square) and Peak Power 3.5 Work-Electric Conversion and Indicated Efficiencies 4 Conclusion References Spray Characteristics and Droplet Micro-Explosion of Water in Diesel Emulsion 1 Introduction 2 Method and Procedure 2.1 Constant Volume Chamber 2.2 Optical System and Resolution 2.3 Spray Measurements 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Effect of Injection Pressure and Water Content on the Spray Penetration 3.2 Effect of Injection Pressure and Water Content on the Spray Dispersion Angle 4 Conclusion References Study the Thermal Efficiencies for Household Compressors 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Generalized Approach for C.O.P and Efficiencies 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement of a Planar Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Methodology 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Overall TES Efficiency, Charging Efficiency and Discharging Efficiency 3.2 Charging and Discharging Phase in LHTES 4 Conclusion References Performance Evaluation of Thermal Energy Storage with Phase Change Material in Smooth and Expanded Pipe Flow Using Numerical Simulation 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Modeling 2.1 Grid Generation and Boundary Conditions 2.2 Numerical Method and Governing Equations 2.3 Constitutive Relations 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Experimental Evaluation of Drag Reduction in Pipe Flow Using Streamlined Turbulence Modifiers 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Method 2.1 Flow Loop 2.2 Data Acquisition and Instruments 2.3 Turbulence Modifiers 2.4 Evaluation Parameter 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Experimental Justification 3.2 Analysis of Turbulence Modifier Population 4 Conclusion References Numerical Investigation of Laminar Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluid in Parallel Cooling Channels 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Model 2.1 Governing Equations 2.2 Constitutive Relations 2.3 Boundary Conditions 3 Numerical Methodology 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Model Validation 4.2 Effect of Different Channel Designs 4.3 Optimization 5 Conclusion References Modeling and Validation of Engine Cylinder Pressure During Starting of Free-Piston Linear Generator by Brushless Motor Commutation 1 Introduction 2 Resonance Strategy and Mechanical Modeling of FPLG Prototype 2.1 Mechanical Resonance Strategy 2.2 Mechanical Modeling of FPLG 2.3 Improved Model for Compression-Expansion Force 2.4 Dynamic Equation During Starting Process 3 Electrical Motoring for Starting of FPLG and Brushless Linear Motor Operation 4 Motoring Simulation and Experimental Validation 4.1 Single-Stroke Motoring 4.2 Cyclic Motoring 4.3 Final Validation with Higher DC Bus Voltage 5 Conclusion References Influence of Twisted Tape Inserts with Perforation on Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Inside Circular Tube: Numerical and Experimental Investigation 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Implementation 3 Computational Modeling 3.1 Description of Geometry and Modeling 3.2 Governing Equation 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Experimental Results 4.2 Numerical Results 5 Conclusions References The Effect of Load and Injection Timing on the Emitted Pollutants Concentrations by Engine Fuelled by Biofuel 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Setup 2.1 The Tests Rig 2.2 Regulated Gases Measurements 2.3 Fuel Used 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusions References Experimental Investigation on Sub-Cooled Degree Effect on the Flow Boiling in a Microchannel Heat Sink 1 Introduction 2 Experiment Devices and Data Reduction 2.1 Experiment Setup 2.2 Data Reduction 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Single Phase Experimental Setup Validation 3.2 Two-Phase Results and Discussion 4 Prediction of Correlations 4.1 Heat Transfer Coefficient Prediction 4.2 Pressure Drop Prediction: 5 Conclusion Appendix Appendix A Appendix B References Comparative Assessment of Friction Head Losses in Pipe Flow 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Procedure 3 Computational Modelling 3.1 Numerical Simulation of the Steady Turbulent Flow 3.2 Governing Equations 3.3 Boundary Conditions and Simulation Parameter Cases 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Numerical Investigation on the Effect of Vertically Oriented CPC on Spillage Loses in Evacuated Tube-Based Power Tower Receiver 1 Introduction 1.1 Conventional SPT Receivers and Their Challenges 1.2 Evacuated Tube-Based Solar Power Tower (ET-SPT) 2 Method 2.1 System Description 2.2 Geometrical Modeling of the Proposed CPC 2.3 Ray Tracing Simulations 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Analysis of the Power on the Receiver with and Without CPC 3.2 Recuperative Spillage Loses 3.3 CPC Efficiency 4 Conclusion References Numerical Analysis to Study the Effect of Foam Thickness on The Thermal-Hydraulic Performance of The Metal Foam Heat Exchanger 1 Introduction 2 Physical Model and Governing Equations 3 Numerical Solution 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Optimum Hydraulic Diameter of Mini-Channel Absorber Collector in Thermal Performance 1 Introduction 2 Numerical Formulation 2.1 System Geometry 2.2 Mean Flow Equations 2.3 The Boundary Conditions and the Working Parameters 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Relation Between Outlet Water Temperatures with Reynolds Number 3.2 Effect of Heat Transfer Performance on Mini-Channel Hydraulic Diameter 3.3 Flow and Temperature Distribution 4 Conclusions References Numerical Analysis of Spark Ignition Engine Fueled by Iraqi Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Crank Slider Model 2.2 Cylinder Gas Temperature and Cylinder Gas Pressure Models 2.3 Combustion Model 2.4 Heat Transfer Model 2.5 Nitrogen Oxide NOx Emission Model 2.6 Hydrocarbons (HC) Emission Model 2.7 Trapped Mass in Control Volume 2.8 Engine Performance 3 Assumptions and Simulation Conditions 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References Numerical Investigation of LAMEE in Different Weather Conditions by Varying Solution Concentration with Air Inlet Humidity Ratio 1 Introduction 2 Modelling of LAMEE 2.1 Governing Equations 2.2 Mesh Sensitivity 2.3 Membrane Modelling 2.4 Boundary Equations 3 LAMEE Performance 3.1 Sensible Effectiveness 3.2 Latent Effectiveness 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Effect on Latent Effectiveness with 40% & 50% LiBr Concentration 4.2 Effect of Air Inlet Humidity Ratio with 40% LiBr Concentration 4.3 Effect of Air Inlet Humidity Ratio with 50% LiBr Concentration 5 Conclusion References Utilization of Vibration to Enhance the Thermal Performance of Flat Plate Solar Collectors—A Numerical Study 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Effect of Vibration on Temperature Distribution at the Pipe Outlet 4 Conclusion 5 Conflicts of Interest References Life Cycle Assessment and Economic Analysis of a Vapor Compression System Integrated with a Large District Cooling Plant 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Life Cycle Assessment of the Vapor Compression Chiller 2.2 Life Cycle Inventory 2.3 Life Cycle Impact Assessment 3 Economic Data Sources and Assumptions 3.1 Operation and Maintenance Cost 4 Result 4.1 Life Cycle Inventory Analysis 4.2 Life Cycle Impact Assessment Results 4.3 Result of Life Cycle Cost 5 Conclusion References Improved Hydrocarbon Recovery Volume Estimation Model Using Integrated Asset Modelling (IAM) Approach 1 Introduction 2 Volumetric Calculation, IAM and Sensitivity Analysis Overview 2.1 Oil in Place and Recovery Factor Estimation 2.2 Introduction of Integrated Asset Modelling Software 2.3 Sensitivity Analysis 3 Methodology 3.1 The Building of the Individual Model 3.2 Integrated Model Study 3.3 Sensitivity Analysis 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Sensitivity Analysis Results 5 Conclusion References Reliability Analysis of Optimally Tuned Active Dynamic Vibration Absorber 1 Introduction 2 Analysis 2.1 Active Undamped Dynamic Vibration Absorber 2.2 Optimally Tuned Active Damped Dynamic Vibration Absorber 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Active Undamped Dynamic Vibration Absorber 3.2 Optimally Tuned Active Damped Dynamic Vibration Absorber 4 Conclusion References Optimum Cutting Time Ratio of Modified Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism 1 Introduction 2 Configuration of MWQRM 2.1 Unmodified WQRM 2.2 MWQRM 3 Theory 3.1 Modelling of MWQRM 3.2 Cutting Time Ratio (Tr) 4 Methodology 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Performance Prognostics of Gas Turbines Using Nonlinear Filter 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Nonlinear Filter 2.2 Model Details 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 GSP Data 3.2 Particle Filter Results 4 Conclusions and Recommendations References A Comprehensive Review of Prescriptive Analytics for Naval Vessels Risk-Based Maintenance Decision-Making 1 Introduction 2 Limitations of the Current Maintenance Practice 2.1 Room of Improvements 3 RBM Scheduling Framework for Naval Vessels Maintenance Application 3.1 Prioritizing Maintenance Based on Risk 3.2 Strategizing and Scheduling Maintenance 4 Other Considerations 4.1 Performance Prediction 4.2 Probability of Detection 4.3 Performance Assessment 4.4 Effect of Maintenance 5 Conclusion References CFD Simulation Approach to Predict Fire-Influenced Domino Accident Propagation Pattern 1 Introduction 2 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 2.1 Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) 3 Methodology 3.1 Consequence Modeling Using FDS 3.2 Failure Criterion 3.3 FDS Mesh Independency and Validation Study 3.4 Induction of Wind Effect 3.5 Probabilistic Analysis of Domino Effect 3.6 Domino Propagation Pattern 4 Case Study 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Domino Effect Propagation (No Wind) 5.2 Domino Effect Propagation (Under Wind) 6 Conclusion References Demonstrating Aleatoric Uncertainty in Remaining Useful Life Prediction Using LSTM with Probabilistic Layer 1 Introduction 1.1 Uncertainty in Deep Learning. 2 Related Works 3 Methodology 3.1 LSTM Architecture with Probabilistic Layer. 3.2 Network Performance Assessment. 3.3 Uncertainty Quantification of RUL and of HI Sequence Prediction 4 Case Study 4.1 Degradation Assumption 4.2 Data Preparation 5 Result and Discussion 5.1 Network Performance 5.2 Aleatoric Uncertainty for HI Sequence Prediction 6 Conclusion References Monitoring the Changes in State to Indicate Faults in Gas–Liquid Pipelines 1 Introduction 2 Fault Detection Techniques 2.1 Backpressure Technique 2.2 Transient Modeling 2.3 OLGA Modeling 3 OLGA Modelling Methodology 3.1 Pipe Modeling 3.2 Boundary Conditions 4 Leak Modelling—OLGA Results 4.1 Leakage at Various Locations 4.2 Leakages of Various Sizes 5 Conclusions References Natural Frequency Analysis of Pipe with Different Boundary Conditions Using Analytical and Finite Element Method 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Analytical Modal Analysis 2.2 Finite Element Modal Analysis 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Effect of Hole Shape and Location on the Natural Frequency and Deformation of Composite Beams 1 Introduction 2 Numerical Simulation of Composite Beams 3 Experimental Work 3.1 Composite Material Preparing 3.2 Tensile Test 3.3 Holes Shape and Location in Composite Beam 3.4 Natural Frequency 4 Theoretical Analysis 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Natural Frequency 5.2 Maximum Deformation 6 Conclusions References Analysis of Stress Distribution of Custom Fitted Femoral Component Knee Implant for Asian Anatomy 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Result 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Evaluation of NARX Network Performance on the Maintenance Application of Rotating Machines 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Problem Description 2.2 Data Pre-processing 2.3 Feature Extraction 2.4 Artificial Neural Network and NARX 2.5 Network Configuration and Training 2.6 Mean Square Error (MSE) Validation 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 MSE Performance 3.2 Model Evaluation 4 Conclusion References A Case Study to Predict Structural Health of a Gasoline Pipeline Using ANN and GPR Approaches 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 ANN Model Development 2.2 GPR Model Development 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 ANN Model Training 3.2 GPR Model Training 3.3 Comparison of ANN with Regression 4 Conclusion References Characteristics of Dynamics Electromagnetic Force Acting on a Moving Metal Rod at Very Close Distance 1 Introduction 2 Verification of Results from Past Researches 2.1 Gilbert Model 3 Methodology 3.1 Experimental Works 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Strategic Planning Tools to Sustaining a Synergistic Industrial Advisory Panel and Academic Collaboration 1 Introduction 2 Academic Challenges from Industrial Perspective 3 Industry Advisory Panel (IAP) 3.1 Purpose of IAP Meetings 3.2 Common IAP Shortcomings 3.3 Ways to Improve IAP 3.4 IAP Work of Plan 3.5 IAP Quality Systems 4 Strategic Planning Tools 4.1 SWOT Analysis Leading to a TOWS Analysis 4.2 PEST Analysis 4.3 Balanced Scorecard (BSC) 4.4 Academic Program Portfolio Model (APPM) 4.5 Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) 5 Conclusions References The Design and Simulation of an Exhaust Manifold for Free-Piston Linear Generator Engine 1 Introduction 2 Design and Meshing of Exhaust Manifold 3 Simulation Set up 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Probabilistic Hydrocarbon Release Leading to Fire and Explosion Incorporating System and Human Reliability Analysis: A Comparison of Onshore and Offshore Facilities 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Process System Reliability 2.2 Human Reliability 2.3 Integrated Approach of Process System Reliability and Human Reliability 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Application of the Proposed Methodology: Case Study 4 Conclusion References Comparative Analysis of Lubrication Oil Age Prediction Model 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 2.1 Data Collection 2.2 Correlation Analysis 2.3 Regression Analysis 2.4 Artificial Neural Network 2.5 Model Evaluation 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Correlation Coefficient 3.2 Regression Analysis 3.3 Artificial Neural Network Model 3.4 Model Evaluation 4 Conclusion References Growth of NGVs and Comparative Study of Cylinder Material for CNG Storage 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Distribution 1.3 Types of CNG Tanks 2 CNG Statistics 2.1 CNG Malaysia 3 Tests and Standards 3.1 Tests for CNG Tanks 3.2 Regulatory Bodies and Standards 4 Finite Element Analysis 4.1 Geometry 4.2 Material Definition 4.3 Pressure Load 4.4 Mesh 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Hoop and longitudinal stress 5.2 Comparison on yield criterion 5.3 Stress transition 6 Conclusion References Residual Strength Prediction of a Pipeline with Interacting Corrosion Defects Subjected to Combined Loading Using Artificial Neural Networks 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Interacting Defects 2.2 Combined Loadings 2.3 Artificial Neural Networks and Failure Pressure of Pipes 3 Methodology 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion and Recommendation References Manufacturing of a Low Cost Flexible Lightweight Walker for Fractured Foot 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Implementation 2.1 Case Study 2.2 Materials 2.3 Manufacturing Procedure 2.4 Testing the Orthosis 3 Computational Modeling 3.1 Building up the Geometry 3.2 Determination of the Geometry 3.3 Defining Element Types and Creating the Mesh in the Model 3.4 Defining the Analysis Type and Applying Load 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Gait Cycle and GRF Test 4.2 F-Socket Results and Discussion: 4.3 Kinematic Analysis Result 5 Numerical Analysis Results 5.1 Adjustable Hinged AFO Model 6 Conclusions References Leakage Quantification of Bolted Flange Joint Subjected to Different Bolt Sizes and External Load 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Finite Element Model 3 Model Validation 3.1 Element Mesh Sensitivity 3.2 FE Validation with Bickford [8] 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Decision Support Tools: Machine Learning Application in Smart Planner 1 Introductıon 2 Methodology 3 Result and Discussion 4 Conclusıons References Numerical Investigation of PDC Cutter—Rock Interaction in Drilling Operation Using SPH 1 Introduction 2 Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) 3 Continuous Surface Cap Model Failure Criterion 4 Mechanical Specific Energy (MSE) 5 Model Set-Up 5.1 Model Set-Up 5.2 Boundary Conditions 5.3 Design of Experiment 5.4 Validation of Results 6 Results 6.1 First Part 6.2 Second Part 7 Conclusions References Materials Improving Knowledge of Ductile Fracture Control in CO2 Transportation Pipelines 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Full Scale Test Data 2.2 Statistical Analysis 2.3 Field Testing 3 Conclusions References A Comparative Review of Surface Modification Technique Between Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) and Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) for Biomedical Applications 1 Introduction 1.1 Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) Technologies 1.2 Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) 1.3 Titanium Based Biomedical Implants Using PEO Technique 2 Analysis of Results 2.1 Surface Morphology 2.2 Wear Track Morphology 2.3 Tribomechanical Properties 2.4 Corrosion Resistance 3 Biocompatibility 4 Conclusions References Stress Corrosion Cracking and Oxide Layer Growth of P91 Steel in High Temperature Steam Environment 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Test Result 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Corrosion Resistance Enhancement of Stainless Steel Powder Metallurgy in Artificial Body Fluids by Reinforcement of Boron and Niobium 1 Introduction 2 Experiment 2.1 Sample Preparation and Electrolyte 2.2 Electrochemical Equipments and Experiments 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Density and Porosity 3.2 Potentiodynamic Polarization Curves 3.3 Cyclic Polarization Curves 3.4 Effect of Nb on Pitting Corrosion Resistance 4 Conclusions References Mechanical Properties and Pitting Corrosion Behavior of Zr-Mo-Al-Ti-Y in Simulated Human Body Fluids 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References The Application of Knowledge Management Practices in Corrosion Management for Oil and Gas Industry: A Revıew 1 Introductıon 2 Knowledge Management 2.1 Knowledge Creation 2.2 Knowledge Acquisition 2.3 Knowledge Sharing 2.4 Knowledge Application 2.5 Knowledge Storage and Retrieval 2.6 Communities of Practice 3 Corrosion Management 3.1 International Oil Companies (IOC) 3.2 National Oil Companies (NOC) 4 Organızational Culture 5 Application of KM Practices in CM 6 Discussion and Implications 6.1 Importance of the Developed KM Practices Framework for CM 6.2 Theoretical and Practical Contributions and Implications 7 Conclusıons References Rapid CO2 Gas Decompression Performance of Epoxy Coatings Containing Graphene Oxide-Zinc Oxide Hybrids 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Materials 2.2 Preparation of Graphene Oxide-Zinc Oxide (GO-ZnO) Hybrids 2.3 Preparation of Nanocomposite Samples 2.4 Rapid Decompression Tests 2.5 Characterization 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Stability of Graphene Oxide (GO) and GO-ZnO Under High-Pressure Carbon Dioxide Gas Conditions 3.2 Mechanical Strength of Bare Epoxy, GO/Epoxy, GO-ZnO/Epoxy Under Rapid Decompression of Carbon Dioxide Gas Conditions 4 Conclusions References Numerical Failure Analysis of Corroded Pipeline Elbow with Longitudinally Aligned Interacting Corrosion Defects 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview of Corrosion 1.2 Parameters of Corrosion 1.3 General Overview of Corrosion Assessment Method 1.4 Application of Finite Element Methods for Pipeline Corrosion Assessment 2 Methodology 2.1 Overview of Corrosion Geometric Values 2.2 Development of Finite Element Method 2.3 Material Properties 2.4 Failure Criterion 3 Methodology Verification 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Preliminary Analyses 4.2 Shallow Corrosion Defect at Location 1 4.3 Medium Corrosion Defect at Location 1 4.4 Deep Corrosion Defect at Location 1 4.5 Recommendations for Future Studies 5 Conclusion References Assessment of Internal Tubular Coating System for High CO2 Application 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Investigating the Mechanical Performance of Intumescent Coating Enhanced with Magnesium Oxide (MgO) for Structural Steel Application 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 2.1 Materials 2.2 Sample Preparation for Intumescent Coating 3 Characterization and Testing 3.1 Heat Shielding Test 3.2 Control Fire Test 3.3 Water Immersion Test (ASTM D 870) 3.4 Adhesion Test (ASTM D 4541) 3.5 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) 4 Result and Discussion 4.1 Physical Observation 4.2 Char Expansion Analysis 4.3 Fire Test Analysis 4.4 Thermal Stability Analysis 4.5 Adhesion Test 4.6 Water Resistance of Coatings 5 Conclusion References Application of Artificial Neural Network for Failure Pressure Prediction of Pipeline with Circumferential Groove Corrosion Defect 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview of Corrosion 1.2 General Overview of Pipeline Corrosion Assessment Method 1.3 Application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for Pipeline Corrosion Assessment 2 Methodology 2.1 Overview of Corrosion Geometric Values 2.2 Development of Finite Element Method 2.3 Development of ANN Model 2.4 Material Properties 2.5 Failure Criterion 3 Methodology Verification 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Preliminary Analyses 4.2 Generation of ANN Training Data Using FEA 4.3 Development of the ANN Model 4.4 Development of a New Pipeline Failure Pressure Prediction Method 4.5 Performance Evaluation of the New Corrosion Assessment Method 4.6 Recommendations for Future Studies 5 Conclusion References Optimisation of Fe-Al Diffusion Bonding in Air 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methodology 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Review of Current Development of Knee Rehabilitation Device Using Series Elastic Actuator (SEA) 1 Introduction 2 Characteristics of SEAs 3 Applications and Performance Evaluation 4 Proposed Design 5 Conclusion References The Study of Pseudo-ductile Polymer Nano Composite Reinforced with Non-treated Inorganic Nanofillers 1 Introduction 2 State of the Art 3 Aim of Investigation 4 Materials and Experimental Procedures 4.1 Materials 4.2 Composite and Sample Fabrication 5 Results 5.1 Tensile Strength 5.2 Youngs Modulus 5.3 Elongation at Break 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion References Manufacturing A Study on the Effect of Structural Properties and Configuration of Low-Stiffness-Resilient-Shaft (LSRS) on Torsional Behavior 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Configuration Conceptualization of LSRS 2.2 Modelling of config.1 and config.2 2.3 Finite Element Analysis of Variation 1 and Variation 2 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Simulation Results of SSWR 3.2 Simulation Results of config.1 3.3 Simulation Results of config.2 3.4 Experimental Validation of the Wire Rope Configuration (LSRS Layout) 4 Conclusion References Effect of Valve Opening Frequency on the Performance of Free Piston Linear Generator 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Setup 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Effect of VOF onto the Piston Velocity 3.2 Effect of VOF onto the Piston Stroke 3.3 Effect of VOF onto the Average Power Output 3.4 Effect of VOF onto the Peak Power Output 4 Conclusion References