ICCCE 2021: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Communications and Cyber Physical Engineering (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 828)

This book is a collection of research articles presented at the 4th International Conference on Communications and Cyber-Physical Engineering (ICCCE 2021), held on April 9 and 10, 2021, at CMR Engineering College, Hyderabad, India. ICCCE is one of the most prestigious conferences conceptualized in the field of networking and communication technology offering in-depth information on the latest developments in voice, data, image, and multimedia. Discussing the latest developments in voice and data communication engineering, cyber-physical systems, network science, communication software, image, and multimedia processing research and applications, as well as communication technologies and other related technologies, it includes contributions from both academia and industry. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, research scholars, and PG students working to formulate their research ideas and find the future directions in these areas. Further, it may serve as a reference work to understand the latest engineering and technologies used by practicing engineers in the field of communication engineering. Preface Contents Blockchain and Tourism: Transformation of Three Research Propositions to the Policy Paradigm 1 Introduction 2 Propositions 2.1 Propositions 1 2.2 Propositions 2 2.3 Propositions 3 3 Conclusions References A Literature Survey on Speech Enhancement Based on Deep Neural Network Technique 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed Methodology 4 Conclusion References A Comparative Study of Students Online Learning During Pandemic Using Machine Learning Model 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Dataset 3.2 Data Preprocessing 4 Models 4.1 Logistic Regression 4.2 Support Vector Machine (SVM) 4.3 Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) 4.4 Random Forest 4.5 Decision Tree 5 Comparison of Models 5.1 Metrics for Evaluation 5.2 Results 6 Future Work 7 Conclusion References IoT Enabled Energy Efficient Routing in Forest Fire 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 IoT Environment for Forest Fire Management 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Simulation Model 4.2 Simulation Results 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Exploratory Analysis of Human Mood Swings 1 Introduction 2 Behavioral Analysis 3 Approach and Parameters 4 In-Depth Analysis of the Results 5 Mood Swings Detection and Results 6 System Design and Architecture 7 Conclusion and Future Scope References Comparative Study on Online Teaching Learning Tools 1 Introduction 2 Survey on Tools 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Basic Comparison 3.2 Digital Pedagogy 3.3 Security Aspects 3.4 Compliance with Law 3.5 Result Analysis of Every Tool 3.6 User Experience Evaluation 4 Conclusions and Future Scope References A Survey on Soft Biometric Techniques 1 Introduction 2 Taxonomy 3 Related Work 4 Comparative Study and Analysis 4.1 Skin Pixel Identification 4.2 Positive Sample Generation 4.3 Low Resolution Alignment 4.4 ROI Extraction 4.5 Optical Models 4.6 Feature Extraction, Gridding and Information Fusion 5 Conclusion and Future Works References DevOps Sensoring Neuro Cluster 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Solution 3.1 Design 3.2 Algorithm 3.3 Sigmoid Function 3.4 Model.fit() 4 Results 4.1 Model.predict() 4.2 Grafana Dashboard 4.3 Prophet 4.4 Elbow Method (Finding Optimal Cluster) 5 Conclusion References Simulation of OFDM MIMO with IDMA for Underwater Acoustic Communication 1 Introduction 2 Block Diagram of IDMA OFDM MIMO 3 Related Work 4 Methodology Used 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 UWSN with LDPC Coding, Interleaver as Random 5.2 UWSN with LDPC Coding, Matrix Interleaver 5.3 UWSN with LDPC Coding, Helical Interleaver 5.4 UWSN with LDPC Coding, Random Interleaver 5.5 UWSN with LDPC Coding, Matrix Interleaver 5.6 UWSN with LDPC Coding, Helical Interleaver 6 Conclusion References Image Despeckling Using Hybrid Method 1 Introduction 2 Noise Model 3 Speckle Reduction Techniques 3.1 Bayes Soft Thresholding 3.2 Frost Filter 3.3 Measuring Parameters 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Fault Detection and Classification in Automobile Engine Based on Its Audio Signature Using Support Vector Machine 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Method 3 Result 4 Conclusion References Smart Farming Using Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies 1 Introduction 2 Smart Farming Using IOT 3 Farming Management Using IOT 4 IOT Technologies for Smart Farming 5 Conclusion References Real-Time Integration of Industrial Robot with MATLAB 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Robot MATLAB Communication 3.1 Creating FTP Object and Files for Data Transfer in MATLAB 3.2 Write and Send Current Pose Data in RAPID 3.3 Read Current Pose Data in MATLAB 3.4 Send New Pose in MATLAB 3.5 Read New Pose Data and Move the Robot 4 Positioning Experiment 5 Conclusion References Enhanced Scientific Workflow Scheduling in Cloud System 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 The Proposed Approach 4 Conclusion References Automatic Recommendations Over the Places Using Built-In Service Google Maps 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed Approach 4 Results 5 Conclusion References POS Tagger Model for South Indian Language Using a Deep Learning Approach 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Dataset 4 Methodology 5 Test Results 6 Limitations 7 Conclusion References A Secured Healthcare Medical System Using Blockchain Technology 1 Introduction 2 Consensus Algorithms 3 Types of Blockchain 3.1 Authentication Using Quantum Digital Signature 3.2 Encryption Using AES 3.3 Retrieve the Medical Report Using SHA 4 Conclusion and Future Scope References Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms Based on the Outcome of Proactive Intrusion Detection System 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Proposed System 4 Conclusion References Blockchain Based Electronic Healthcare Record (EHR) 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Blockchain for Ehealth Care 4 Proposed Solution 4.1 Entities Involved 4.2 System Design 4.3 Work Flow 4.4 Smart Contract Implementation 5 Conclusion 6 Future Work References Automated Voice Assistant 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed System 4 Methodology 5 Architecture 6 Implementation 7 Conclusion 8 Future Scope References Role of Deep Learning and Machine Learning in Automatic Knee Ligament Injury Detection 1 Introduction 2 Human Leg Knee Joint Anatomy 2.1 Generalized Process for Knee Ligament Injury Detection 3 Machine Learning Techniques for Knee Ligament Segmentation and Injury Detection 4 Deep Learning Techniques for Knee Ligament Segmentation and Injury Detection 5 Gap Identification and Challenges 6 Conclusion References Latency Analysis of Different Functional Split Options of C-RAN with Slot Based DBA on TWDM-PON 1 Introduction 2 T-WDM Network Architecture for Wired FH 3 DBA Technique 4 Latency Formulation 5 Results 6 Conclusion References Particle Swarm Optimization Based Multiobjective Rank Aggregation 1 Introduction 1.1 Rank Aggregation Methods 1.2 Rank Aggregation as an Optimization Problem 1.3 Ranking Based on Distance Metric 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Work 3.1 MOPSO Algorithm 3.2 Dataset Used 4 Result and Analysis 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References MHCT: Determining Member Head of Cyber Terrorists in Social Blog Networks 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Problem Definition 4 Proposed System 5 Senario Illustration 6 Algorithm 7 Simulation Results and Performance Analysis 8 Conclusions References Fault Diagnosis of Voltage Source Inverter Using Machine Learning Techniques 1 Introduction 2 Approaches for VSI Fault Diagnosis 3 Proposed Methodology 4 Algorithm to Classify Open Switch Fault 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Internet of Things (IOT) Based Technologies in Smart Agriculture 1 Introduction 2 Major Equipment and Technologies 2.1 Wireless Sensors 2.2 IOT Based Tractors 2.3 Harvesting Robots 2.4 UAV’S (Unman Aerial Vehicle) in Smart Agriculture 2.5 Cloud Computing 2.6 Communication in Agriculture 3 Current Challenges and Future Expectation 4 Conclusion References Design and Development of Secure Gateway Modules for Secure Communication in Industrial Control Systems 1 Introduction 1.1 Security of Industrial Control System 1.2 Related Existing Works 2 Design and Development of Secure Modbus Gateway Modules 2.1 Design and Development of Secure Gateway Modules 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References A Micro-strip Antenna for Dual Band Energy Harvesting Applications 1 Introduction 2 Antenna Design 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Bandwidth Response 3.2 Gain and Radiation Pattern Characteristics 4 Conclusion References Restoration of Defocused X-Ray Images with Blind and Nonblind Deconvolution for the Use in Bio-medical Application 1 Introduction 2 Important Aspects of X-Rays Formation 3 Adopted Methodology 4 Implementation Details 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Smart Intrusion Detection System Using Deep Neural Network Gated Recurrent Unit Technique 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Data Collection 3.2 Data Preparation 3.3 Training the Model 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Efficient Node Placement Approach in Fog Computing Environment Using Machine Learning Model 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Methodology 4 Experimental Setup and Result Analysis 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Analysis of Efficient Security Using Machine Learning Methods 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Implementation of Machine Learning Method 4 Performance Evaluation 5 Conclusion References Comparison of Pre and Post Covid Education System and Evaluation of Student Performance 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Blended Learning System 4 Data Collection and Feature Extraction 5 Methodology 5.1 Artificial Neural Networks 5.2 Logistic Regression 5.3 Naïve Bayes 6 Implementation 6.1 Machine Learning Software and Coding 7 Experiment and Performance Measures 8 Results 9 Conclusion References Analyzing Random Forest, Naive Bayes, and SVM to Filter Spam Emails Across Multiple Datasets 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 Machine Learning-Based Spam Email Detection 2.2 Hybrid Spam Filtration Method Using Machine Learning Techniques 2.3 Email Spam Detection: A Method of Meta Classifiers Stacking 2.4 Spam Mail Detection Through Data Mining a Comparative Performance Analysis 2.5 Analysis of Naive Bayes Algorithm for Email Spam Filtering Across Multiple Datasets 3 Methodology 3.1 Naive Bayes 3.2 Multinomial Naive Bayes 3.3 Random Forest 3.4 Support Vector Machine 4 Experiment and Result Analysis 4.1 Confusion Matrix 4.2 Dataset 5 Conclusion References Intelligent and Adaptive Learning Management System Technology (LMST) Using Data Mining and Artificial Intelligence 1 Introduction 2 E-Learning Management System 3 Methodology 3.1 AI Based LMS 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Collaborative Security Schemes for Wireless Sensor Networks 1 Introduction 2 Wireless Sensor Networks Security 3 Intrusion Detection System 4 Classification of IDSs 4.1 Classification of IDS Methodologies 5 Discussion 6 Future Directions and Open Research Issues 7 Conclusion References Risk Factor of Diabetes with Comorbidity Using Machine Learning Techniques 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Diabetes Mellitus with Machine Learning 4 Feature Scope 5 Conclusion References An Overview of Various Security Issues and Application Challenges of the Attacks in Field of Blockchain Technology 1 Introduction 1.1 Structure of Blockchain 1.2 Classification of Blockchain 2 Blockchain Technology: The Future of Cyber Security 2.1 Some of the Features 2.2 The Hash Chained Storage 2.3 Applications 3 Attacks 4 Security Enhancements 5 Conclusion References Analysis of Ensemble Flood Forecasting Using Meta Classifiers and Tree Classifiers 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed System/Material and Methods 3.1 Binarization 3.2 RandomSubSpace (RSS) 3.3 LogitBoost (LB) 3.4 RandomForest (RF) 3.5 REPTree 4 Experimental Methodology and Result Analysis 5 Conclusion References Implementation and Comparison of Big Data Analysis on Large Dataset Using SPARK and FLINK 1 Introduction 2 Related Literature 3 Research Methodology 4 Experimentation Setup 5 Summary and Conclusions References Data Analytics for Groundwater Solution and App Development 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Model Techniques 2.2 Process 2.3 Overview 3 Study Area and Data 3.1 Study Area 3.2 Data Study 4 Model Development 4.1 Determination of Model Structure 4.2 Model Implementation 5 Conclusion References Advancement in Cognitive Radio: Game Theoretic Perspective 1 Introduction 1.1 CR Architecture 2 Related Work 3 Challenges in CR 3.1 Common Control Channel (CCC) 3.2 Dynamic Radio Range 3.3 Spectrum Unit 3.4 Decision Making 3.5 Learning Process 3.6 Cross-Layers 3.7 Security 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References 240 Gbps WDM DPSK Free Space Optical Link for Clear Weather Condition 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Work 3 Results and Discussion 4 Related Work 5 Conclusion References Effective Classification of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Adaptive Support Vector Machine 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Adaptive Support Vector Machine 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 About Dataset 4.2 Performance Metrics 4.3 Analysis of Adult Dataset for ASD 4.4 Analysis of Children Dataset for ASD 4.5 Analysis of Adolescent Dataset for ASD 5 Conclusion References Detection and Classification of Areca Nut Disease Using Convolutional Neural Network 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Basic Principle 3.1 Convolution Neural Network 3.2 Dataset for Training and Testing 4 Classification of Areca Nut Rot Disease 4.1 Four Phases of ANR-CNN 4.2 Phase 1: Preparation and Storage of Data Set for Training, Validation and Testing 4.3 Phase 2: Construction of ANR-CNNnet 4.4 Phase 3: Training and Validation of ANR-CNNnet with Suitable Options 4.5 Phase 4: Testing 5 Performance of ANR-CNN 6 Conclusion References Pollutant Based Forecasting Using AQI Values 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Conceptual Framework 3.1 Decision Tree 3.2 Multiclass Classifier 3.3 Dataset Preparation 3.4 SMOTE 3.5 PCA 4 Understanding and Interpretations 4.1 Classification 4.2 Prediction 5 Major Findings 5.1 Stage 1 5.2 Stage 2 5.3 Testing 6 Result 6.1 Decision Tree 6.2 Multiclass Classifier 7 Conclusion References Mobile Sensor Nodes Traversal Patterns to Attend Random Events 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 ROI Description 4 Problem Formulation 5 Proposed Solution 6 Results and Discussions 7 Conclusion References A Realistic Farming Simulator Inspired from Agricultural Style of India 1 Introduction 2 Existing Literature Works 2.1 Stardew Valley 2.2 Farming Simulator 2.3 Laitconomie 3 Proposed Work 3.1 Knowledge Required for Farmers 3.2 Mechanism Diagram 4 Implementation 4.1 Game Objects 4.2 Camera and Its Movement 4.3 Player and Animation 4.4 Gameplay 5 Evaluation 6 Conclusion References Grayscale Image Histogram Estimation Structure Based on FPGA 1 Introduction 2 Histogram Estimation Structure 3 Simulation and Synthesis Results 4 Conclusion References Estimation of Tropospheric Scintillation Effects on Satellite Communication Signals at Ka Band Frequencies for Indian Climatic Conditions 1 Introduction 2 Improved Tropospheric Prediction Models 3 Future Scope References Automation of Rice Cultivation from Ploughing–Harvesting with Diseases, Pests and Weeds to Increase the Yield Using AI 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Soil Control Management 2.2 Pest Control Management 2.3 Weed Control Management 2.4 Diseases Control Management 3 Discussion 4 Conclusion References Blockchain Technology for Assisting the Analysis of Viruses and Other Pathogens 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Characteristics 3.1 Structure 4 Proposed System 4.1 Proposed System Algorithm 5 Result 6 Conclusion References Smart Trolley Based on RFID 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Implementation 3.1 Registration of Mobile Number 3.2 Shopping Process 3.3 Generation of the Bill 4 Hardware Description 4.1 ATmega328 4.2 EM 18 RFID Reader Module 4.3 SM800L Module 5 Results and Conclusion References A Review on Distributed Data Vending Through Blockchain 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Proposed System 4 Feasibility 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References Ear Recognition Using ResNet50 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Selected Features and Models 3.1 GLBP 3.2 Resnet-50 3.3 KNN 3.4 Data Set 4 Experimental Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References ANN Based DSTATCOM for the Harmonic Current Mitigation in a PV Based DG System 1 Introduction 2 Highest Priority PQ Issues 3 Proposed PQ Theory Using ANN 4 Comparison of Simulation and Hardware Results 5 Conclusion References Analysis of Supervised Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Vehicle Clutch Status 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed Work 4 Dataset Design 5 Results and Analysis 5.1 SVM Model Result Analysis 5.2 Logistic Regression Model Result Analysis 5.3 Decision Tree Result Analysis 5.4 Polynomial Regression (PR) Result Analysis 5.5 Accuracy 6 Conclusion References Error Detection in Fault-Tolerant Reversible Circuit Using Fredkin Gates 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Implementation of Reversible Logic Gates 4 Synthesis and Results 5 Conclusion References Smart Book Reader for Visually Impaired People Using OCR and Raspberry Pi 1 Introduction 2 Motivation 3 Proposed System 3.1 Block Schematic 3.2 Circuit Diagram of Proposed System 3.3 OCR Process 3.4 Tessteract 4 Algorithm 5 Implementation Results 5.1 Experiment Setup for Proposed System 5.2 Execution Process 5.3 Speech Result 6 Conclusion and Future scope References Effect of Pilot Density on BER Performance of Mobile WiMAX 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 System Block Diagram 4 Methodology 5 Results and Discussions 6 Performance Evaluation Metrics 7 Conclusion References Evaluation of Digital Circuit Methodologies in Nanotechnology Using QCA - Quantum Dot Cellular Automata 1 Introduction 2 Methodologies 3 Implementations 4 Conclusion References NeuraIC—Neural Image Caption Generator for Assistive Vision 1 Introduction 2 System Architecture 3 Datasets 4 Data Cleaning and Data Pre-processing 5 Model Overview 5.1 Sample Working 5.2 Using Data Generators 5.3 Hyper Parameter Tuning 6 Model of Proposed System 7 Training 8 Result 8.1 Experimentation 8.2 Evaluation Metrics 9 Conclusion References A Survey: Handwriting Analysis Software Using Image Preprocessing and Machine Learning 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Comparison of CNN Based Emotion Analysis with Other Techniques 4 Motivation 5 Proposed Methodology 6 Conclusion References Design and Technology Co-optimization for Investigating Power, Performance, Area and Cost Trade-Offs in FinFET Technologies 1 Introduction 2 Survey of FinFET Design Co-optimization 3 Challenges in FinFET Based Designs 4 Conclusions and Future Scope References Improving Security with Optimized QoS in Cognitive Radio Networks Using AI Backed Blockchains 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Improved QoS with Enhanced Security Spectrum Access Blockchain-Based Cognitive Radio Architecture (IQESBCR) 4 Results and Analysis 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References Single Shot Detector for Multi-vehicle Detection and Tracking in Different Lighting and Weather Conditions 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Single Shot Detection (SSD) 3.1 Grid Cell 3.2 Anchor Box 3.3 Loss Function 4 Experimentation and Result 4.1 Experimentation 4.2 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Survey on Liver Cancer Detection: Based on Deep Learning Technology 1 Introduction 2 Types of Liver Cancer 3 Methodologies 4 Classification 5 Results 5.1 Expected Result References Design and Implementation of Power Efficient 4 Bit Ripple Carry Adder Using 14 nm FinFET Technology 1 Introduction 1.1 Basics of Full Adder 2 Related Work 3 Overview of FinFET Technology 4 6T Adder Using FinFET Technology 5 Layout and Simulation Results 5.1 Layout and Simulation of 6T Full Adder 5.2 Layout and Simulation of RCA Using 6T Full Adder 5.3 Comparison of 6T RCA and Conventional RCA 6 Conclusion References Single Band Microstrip Patch Antenna with Slot and DGS for Millimeter-Wave Communication 1 Introduction 2 Antenna Design 2.1 Design Method 3 Simulation Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion and Future Scope References Efficient Use of Convolutional Neural Networks for Classification of Sugarcane Leaf Diseases 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Convolutional Neural Networks 2.2 Network Specifications 2.3 Optimization 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusion References Weather Forecasting Using Long Short Term Memory 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed System 3.1 Data Preprocessing 3.2 Algorithm Implementation 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Moisture Sensor Using Microstrip Patch Antenna 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Working Principle of Patch Antenna for Sensor Applications 4 Patch Antenna Design 5 Implementation of the System 5.1 Use of Simulation Software 5.2 Experimental Set-Up 5.3 Steps Involved in the Process 6 Complexities Involved 7 Results and Discussions 8 Conclusion References Graphology Based Human Behavior and Personality Identification Using Artificial Neural Networks 1 Introduction 2 Previous Works 3 Proposed Work 3.1 User Interaction with GUI 3.2 Pre-processing 3.3 Segmentation 3.4 Feature Extraction 3.5 Prediction Using ANN Model 3.6 Display Personality Traits on GUI 4 Conclusion References Android Forensic Tool 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Implementation 4 Conclusion References Maize Leaf Healthy and Unhealthy Classification Using Image Processing Technique and Machine Learning Classifiers 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Proposed Approach 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Maize Leaf (Healthy and Unhealthy) Feature Extraction 3.2 Maize Healthy and Unhealthy Leaf Classification Using PNN Classifier 3.3 Maize Leaf Healthy and Unhealthy Classification Analysis of KNN Classifier 3.4 Confusion Matrix 3.5 Performance Evaluation of Confusion Matrix 3.6 ROC: Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve 4 Conclusion References Skin Cancer Detection: State of Art Methods and Challenges 1 Introduction 2 Image Pre-processing Methods 3 Lesion Segmentation Methods 4 Lesion Feature Extraction Methods 5 Lesion Classification Methods 6 Data Sets for Melanoma Diagnosis 7 Challenges in Melanoma Detection 8 Conclusion References Empirical Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Brain Disease Analysis Systems: A Statistical Perspective 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Statistical Analysis 4 Conclusion and Future Scope References Power-Delay-Area Efficient Design and Implementation of Vedic Multiplier Using 14 nm Finfet Technology 1 Introduction 2 Vedic Mathematics 3 Related Work 4 Design and Implementation 4.1 Vedic Algorithm Technique for Multiplication 5 Simulation and Result 5.1 Simulation and Result of Proposed 2 * 2 Vedic Multiplier Using 14 nm Finfet Technology 6 Conclusion References Intelligent Beyond 5G Systems: Upcoming Wireless Communication Systems 1 Introduction 2 Overview of Deep Learning and Reinforced Learning for Wireless Communication 3 Conclusion and Future Research References Comprehensive Literature Survey for mm-Wave Massive MIMO Using Machine Learning for 6G 1 Introduction 2 ML Based 6G Wireless System Model for mm-Wave Massive MIMO 2.1 ML for Physical (PHY) Layer 3 Conclusion References Machine Vision Based Fruit Classification and Grading—A Review 1 Introduction 2 Process of Fruit Classification and Grading 2.1 Image Pre-processing 2.2 Image Segmentation 2.3 Feature Extraction 2.4 Machine Learning Algorithms 3 Conclusion References Novel Chest X-Ray 4-CH-CNN COVID-19 Diagnosis 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Proposed Methodology 4 Conclusion References Classification and Performance Evaluation of Phishing Email or URL Using Random Forest 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Phishing Web Pages Classification 3 Proposed System 4 Result and Analysis 5 Conclusion References Performance Evaluation of Cellular Networks Base Station Using Water Filling Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Optimum Power Allocation 3.2 MIMO-OFDM 4 System Model 5 Results 6 Conclusion References EEG Based Computationally Optimized Solution for Non-epileptic Seizure Detection 1 Introduction 2 Basics of Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizures 3 Comparative Study of Video-EEG and EEG in Seizure Detection 3.1 Video EEG for Seizure Detection 3.2 EEG Method for Seizure Detection 3.3 Comparison of Video EEG with EEG Method 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Speech Emotion Recognition Based on Wavelet Packet Coefficients 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Methodology 3 Experimental Results and Discussions 4 Conclusion References Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Retrieval of Ontological Knowledge from Unstructured Text 1 Introduction 2 Ontology Formation Process 3 Methodology 3.1 Genaral Methodology for Knowledge Extraction from Unstructured Text 3.2 Analysis of Machine Learning Classifiers for Attributation and Classification 4 Experimentation 5 Conclusion References Wearable Electrocardiogram Feature Extraction for Real Time Monitoring Applications 1 Introduction 2 Proposed System 3 Experimentation and Result 4 Conclusion and Future Work References Automatic Emotion Detection Using Electroencephalogram 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Conclusion References Hybrid Beamforming Based on Kalman Filter Pre-coder for Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Methodology 4 Experimental Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Recent Trends and Techniques of CBIR to Enhance Retrieval Performance 1 Introduction 2 Survey of CBIR Techniques 2.1 Color Based Techniques 2.2 Texture Based Techniques 2.3 Shape-Based Techniques 2.4 Deep Learning Techniques 2.5 Relevance Feedback Technique 3 Challenges and Opportunities 4 Conclusion References Device to Device Communication for Next Generation Cellular Network: A Survey 1 Introduction 2 Classification of Bands 2.1 In-band D2D Communication 2.2 Out-band D2D Communication 3 Integrated Features 3.1 D2D Integrated with Millimeter Wave (mm Wave) 3.2 Internet of Things (IoT) 3.3 Artificial-Intelligence (AI) 3.4 Handover 3.5 Ultra Dense Network (UDN) 3.6 Cooperative Communication 4 Challenges 4.1 Peer Discovery 4.2 Resource Allocation (RA) 4.3 Mode Selection 4.4 Interference Management 5 Conclusion References Emerging Features and Classification Algorithms for Speaker Emotion Recognition: A Survey 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Speaker Emotion Recognition System 3.1 Feature Extraction Methods 3.2 Classifiers 4 Conclusion References Design and Simulation of 28 GHz Antenna for 5G mmWave Communication 1 Introduction 2 Design of an Antenna 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Text Processing for Marathi Text-To-Speech Synthesis 1 Introduction 2 Text-to-Speech Synthesis 3 Speech Units 3.1 Deciding the Basic Units 4 Text Encoding Schemes 5 Database 5.1 Text Database 5.2 Fomart of Input Text 6 Methodology 6.1 Python for TTS 6.2 Digit Processing Algorithm 6.3 Date Processing Algorithm 6.4 Time Processing Algorithm 7 Results 8 Conclusion References Variable Resolution Time Multiplexed Digital Architecture of ADCs for System on Chip Applications 1 Introduction 2 Design and Experimentation 2.1 Variable Resolution Digital Architecture: Dual Slope ADC Mode 2.2 Variable Resolution Digital Architecture: Pipeline ADC Mode 2.3 Variable Resolution Digital Architecture: SAR ADC Mode 2.4 Multiplexed Variable Resolution Digital Architecture 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Spontaneous Detection of Potholes and Humps 1 Introduction 2 Preparation of the Paper 2.1 Potholes Detection 2.2 Hump Detection 2.3 Program Code References A Low-Power Positive Feedback Operational Amplifier Using Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 3.1 Working Principle 4 Experimentation and Simulation 5 Conclusion References End-to-End Supporting System for IoT Applications: Survey 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Devices 3 Operating System 3.1 Gateways 3.2 IoT Communication and Protocol 4 IoT Middleware 4.1 Cloud 4.2 Fog Computing 4.3 Edge Computing 5 IoT Application Protocols 5.1 Applications 5.2 Challenges 6 Conclusion References Cryptography Based Security Solutions for IoT Devices 1 Introduction 2 Application Layer Based Security Solutions for IoT Setups 3 Performance Analysis of the System 4 Performance Comparison with Latest Solutions 5 Conclusions References Performance Evaluation of Radio Channel Models for mmWave 1 Introduction 2 Paper Channel Models 2.1 Wide-Sense Stationary Uncorrelated Scattering (WSSUS) 2.2 Saleh and Valenzuela (SV) Channel Model 2.3 Log-Distance Path Loss with Log-Normal Shadowing 3 Simulation and Results 4 Conclusion References A Critical Survey on Machine Learning Paradigms to Forecast Software Defects by Using Testing Parameters 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Analysis 2.1 Classification Algorithms 3 Methodology 3.1 Accuracy Prediction 3.2 Features Extraction 4 Experimental Investigation 4.1 Preprocessing 4.2 Flow Chart 4.3 Table: Accuracy 5 Experimental Results 6 Summary 7 Conclusion 8 Recommendations References A Novel Descriptive Approach: Local Tetra Patterns (LTrPs) for Face Recognition 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Proposed Work: Local Tetra Patterns (LTrPs) 4 Experimental Analysis 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Challenges of International Online Shopping from the Customers and Merchants View 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Approach 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Finding Noisy Data in Social Websites Based on Semantic-Enhanced Method 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed System 3.1 OSN Part Creation Module 3.2 Development of Bullying Feature Set 3.3 Cyberbullying Recognition 3.4 Semantic-Enhanced Disregarded Denoising Auto-Encoder 4 Results and Discussion 5 Experimental Results 6 Conclusion References Cyber Hacking Breaches for Demonstrating and Forecasting 1 Introduction 2 Previous Work 3 Proposed System 4 Algorithm 5 Module Implementation 6 Results 7 Conclusion References Novel Programmable Solar Based SIMO Converter for SMPS Applications with IoT Infrastructure 1 Introduction 2 Methodology and Implementation of Proposed Embedded Controller 3 SIMO Converter Simulation and Results 4 Experimental Setup 5 P&O Algorithm Implementation from SPELEC Board 6 Uploading Sensor Data to Cloud Through ThingSpeak 7 Results and Discussions 8 Conclusion References Low Power Comparator-Triggered Method of Multiplication for Deep Neural Networks 1 Introduction 2 Floating Point Representation (IEEE 754) 2.1 Related Multipliers 2.2 The Comparator-Triggered Multipliers (CTM) 3 Experimental Results and Analysis 4 Conclusion References CAE Based Image Compression for Energy Compaction 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Hand Crafted Compressions 2.2 Learning-Based Compression 3 Experimental Analysis 3.1 Architecture of Convolutional Auto-Encoder (CAE) Based Compression 3.2 Proposed Energy Compaction Placed Bit Allocation Method 4 Discussion of Results 4.1 Effect of Different Types of D