Hypothalamic Integration of Energy Metabolism : Proceedings of the 24th International Summer School of Brain Research, held at the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 29 August-1 September 2005

The prevalence of obesity in developed countries is fast becoming a health issue on par with infectious diseases and malnutrition. Research in this area has grown substantially and includes the neurochemical pathways of the hypothalamus and its role in regulating energy expenditures in the body. This volume in the Progress in Brain Research series examines the emerging role of the hypothalamus as a crucial link between the sensing of nutrients and the control of insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and glucose production, the integrative role of the hypothalamus in thyroid and bone metabolism, the interaction between circadian information and energy metabolism, and the important interplay between the immune system and energy metabolism. · All contributors are recognized experts in their respective specialities · Provides expanded coverage of hypothalamic mechanisms involved in energy metabolism · Includes many outstanding full-colour illustrations · Contains special sections on circadian rhythms, immune system, thyroid and bone metabolism Content: List of Contributors Pages v-vii Preface Pages ix-x Andries Kalsbeek, Eric Fliers, Michel A. Hofman, Dick F. Swaab, Eus J.W. Van Someren, Ruud M. Buijs Acknowledgments Page xi The human hypothalamus in metabolic and episodic disorders Review Article Pages 3-45 D.F. Swaab Synaptic plasticity mediating leptin's effect on metabolism Review Article Pages 47-55 Tamas L. Horvath The hypothalamus, hormones, and hunger: alterations in human obesity and illness Review Article Pages 57-73 Anthony P. Goldstone Glucocorticoids, chronic stress, and obesity Review Article Pages 75-105 Mary F. Dallman, Norman C. Pecoraro, Susanne E. La Fleur, James P. Warne, Abigail B. Ginsberg, Susan F. Akana, Kevin C. Laugero, Hani Houshyar, Alison M. Strack, Seema Bhatnagar, Mary E. Bell Design and synthesis of (ant)-agonists that alter appetite and adiposity Review Article Pages 107-118 Lex H.T. Van der Ploeg, Akio Kanatani, Douglas MacNeil, Tung Ming Fong, Alison Strack, Ravi Nargund, Xiao-Ming Guan Monogenic human obesity syndromes Review Article Pages 119-125 I.S. Farooqi The selfish brain: competition for energy resources Review Article Pages 129-140 H.L. Fehm, W. Kern, A. Peters Integration of metabolic stimuli in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus Review Article Pages 141-154 M. van den Top, D. Spanswick Adipokines that link obesity and diabetes to the hypothalamus Review Article Pages 155-174 Rexford S. Ahima, Yong Qi, Neel S. Singhal The circadian modulation of leptin-controlled bone formation Review Article Pages 177-188 Loning Fu, Millan S. Patel, Gerard Karsenty Hypothalamic thyroid hormone feedback in health and disease Review Article Pages 189-207 Eric Fliers, Anneke Alkemade, Wilmar M. Wiersinga, Dick F. Swaab The TRH neuron: a hypothalamic integrator of energy metabolism Review Article Pages 209-235 Ronald M. Lechan, Csaba Fekete The seventeenth C.U. Ariëns Kappers Lecture: an introduction Review Article Pages 239-241 Michel A. Hofman, Dick F. Swaab Staying awake for dinner: hypothalamic integration of sleep, feeding, and circadian rhythms Review Article Pages 243-252 Clifford B. Saper Circadian timing in health and disease Review Article Pages 253-269 Elizabeth S. Maywood, John O’Neill, Gabriel K.Y. Wong, Akhilesh B. Reddy, Michael H. Hastings Circadian time keeping: the daily ups and downs of genes, cells, and organisms Review Article Pages 271-282 Ueli Schibler The hypothalamic clock and its control of glucose homeostasis Review Article Pages 283-307 A. Kalsbeek, M. Ruiter, S.E. La Fleur, C. Cailotto, F. Kreier, R.M. Buijs Mechanisms and functions of coupling between sleep and temperature rhythms Review Article Pages 309-324 Eus J.W. Van Someren What can we learn from seasonal animals about the regulation of energy balance? Review Article Pages 325-337 Peter J. Morgan, Alexander W. Ross, Julian G. Mercer, Perry Barrett Organization of circadian functions: interaction with the body Review Article Pages 341-360 Ruud M. Buijs, Frank A. Scheer, Felix Kreier, Chunxia Yi, Nico Bos, Valeri D. Goncharuk, Andries Kalsbeek Hypoglycemia in diabetes: pathophysiological mechanisms and diurnal variation Review Article Pages 361-365 Philip E. Cryer Hypothalamic integration of immune function and metabolism Review Article Pages 367-405 Ana Guijarro, Alessandro Laviano, Michael M. Meguid Subject Index Pages 407-413 While the key function of the hypothalamus in energy metabolism was revealed some time ago, a more detailed understanding of the hypothalamic pathways involved and their neurochemical make-up has only recently evolved. The main question remaining to be answered is how the hypothalamus is able to integrate all the "sensory" information from the internal and external environment and fine-tune this information with the intricate balance between the needs and demands of different physiological systems. This volume in the Progress in Brain Research series addresses this question by emphasizing the emerging role of the hypothalamus as a crucial link between the sensing of nutrients and the control of insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and glucose production; the integrative role of the hypothalamus in thyroid and bone metabolism; the interaction between circadian information and energy metabolism; and finally, the important interplay between the immune system and energy metabolism.Key Features: Provides the reader with a state-of-the-art overview of hypothalamic integration, Includes contributions by recognized experts in their respective disciplines, Features expanded coverage of hypothalamic mechanisms involved in energy metabolism, Outstanding full-color illustrations, Presents special sections on circadian rhythms, immune system, thyroid and bone metabolism.