Hydrogen materials science and chemistry of carbon nanomaterials : [proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Carbon Nanomaterials (ICHMS 2005), Sevastopol, Crimea, Ukraine, 5-11 September 2005

the Energy Arteries Of The Corporate Body Of Mankind Are Still Fed Mainly By Fossil Fuels; But They Are In Danger Of Running Dry Soon Unless New Energy Sources Are Made Available. One Of The Most Important As Well As The Most Ecologically Pure Power Source Is Hydrogen, That Constitutes The Heart Of Hydrogen Power Engineering And Considered As A Future Alternative To Fossil Power Sources. The Chemistry Of Carbon Nanomaterials And Hydrogen Materials Science Will Play An Important Role In Hastening The Conversion To The Hydrogen Energy System. In This Connection The Research And Application Of Materials Capable Of Interacting Actively With Hydrogen, Its Accumulating And Storing Will Be Of The Utmost Significance. This Is Of Particular Actuality For Creation Of Mobile Energy Sources Both For Mobile Telephones And For Hybrid Electric Cars That Are Developed By All Large Car Manufacturers Of The World. In This Connection The Hydrogen Capacity Of Carbon Nanostructural Materials, Such As Fullerenes, Nanotubes, Nanofibers And Other Nanostructures, Has Aroused A Special Interest Of Researchers. Hydriding Metals, Alloys, Nanocarbon And Composite Materials Can Store Hydrogen Safely At Relatively Low Pressures And Temperatures. Very Many Other Applications Are Also Possible – Such As Heating And Cooling, Waste Heat Storage, Pumping, Pressurizing, Heat-pumping, Hydrogen Purifying, Deuterium Separation, Electricity Production, Etc. As A Source Of ‘clean’ Energy, Hydrogen Is Also Going To Be The Permanent Answer To Another Global Problem Caused By Utilization Of Fossil Fuels, Such As The Greenhouse Effect, Climate Change, Acid Rains, Ozone Layer Depletion, Pollution And Oil Spills. The 2005 International Conference “Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Carbon Nanomaterials” (ICHMS’2005) was held in September 5-11, 2005 in the remarkable city Sevastopol (Crimea, Ukraine) known for its heroic and unusual th fate. In the tradition of the earlier ICHMS conferences, this 9 ICHMS’2005 meeting served as an multidisciplinary forum for the presentation and discussion of the most recent research on transition to hydrogen-based energy systems, technologies for hydrogen production, storage, utilization, materials processing and chemical behavior, energy and environmental problems. The aim of ICHMS’2005 was to provide the wide overview of the latest scientific results on basic research and technological applications of hydrogen interactions with metals and other materials. The active representatives from industry, research/academic organizations and governmental agencies could meet, discuss and present the most recent advances in hydrogen concepts, processes and systems, to evaluate current progress and to exchange academic information, to identify research needs and future development in this important area. This conference should help further the progress of hydrogen-based science and promote the role of hydrogen in the energy field. The ICHMS’2005 was the conference, where a related new important topic of considerable current interest on fullerene-related materials as hydrogen storage was included into the conference program. This meeting gave an opportunity for researchers to cover the entire range of basic and applied materials focusing on synthesis, structure, properties and applications of diverse carbon materials ranging from nanotubes and fullerenes to carbon fiber composites and sorbents. The chemistry of carbon nanomaterials and hydrogen materials science plays an important role in hastening the conversion to the Hydrogen Energy System. This book looks at the significance of the research and application of materials capable of interacting actively with hydrogen, its accumulation and storage, and other applications. The chemistry of carbon nanomaterials and hydrogen materials science will play an important role in hastening the conversion to the Hydrogen Energy System. In this connection, the research and application of materials capable of interacting actively with hydrogen, its accumulation and storage will be of the utmost significance. This is particularly relevant for creating mobile energy sources both for mobile telephones and for hybrid electric cars that are developed by all large car manufacturers of the world. In this connection, the hydrogen capacity of carbon nanostructural materials, such as fullerenes, nanotubes, nanofibers and other nanostructures, has aroused special interest. Hydriding metals, alloys, nanocarbon and composite materials can store hydrogen safely at relatively low pressures and temperatures. Many other applications are also possible - such as heating and cooling, waste heat storage, pumping, pressurizing, heat-pumping, hydrogen purifying, deuterium separation, electricity production, etc. As a source of 'clean' energy, hydrogen will also be the permanent answer to other global problems caused by utilizing fossil fuels, such as the greenhouse effect, climate change, acid rains, ozone layer depletion, pollution and oil spills