Hydrocarbons and Halogenated Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment (Environmental Science Research, 16)

This volume contains papers selected from those presented at the International Symposium on the Analysis of Hydrocarbons and Halogenated Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment, May 23-25, 1978. The Symposium was organized by the National Water Research Institute of Environment Canada and the Institute for Environmental Studies of the University of Toronto. The purpose of the Symposium and of this volume was to bring together information on the analyses, behaviour and effects of hydro­ carbons and halogenated hydrocarbons on the aquatic environment. This class of contaminants presents many difficult analytical pro­ blems, and to a large extent our ability to identify environmental problems and assess their severity, depends on the availability of proved analytical techniques. By exposing workers in this field to the techniques and results of others we hope that progress can be made towards solving the many problems caused by these substances. The papers in this volume are divided into five categories: two plenary session addresses given by J.P. Bruce and O. Hutzinger, 11 papers describing quantitative analytical results, 12 papers on analytical methods, 9 papers on incidence, monitoring and pathways; and finally, 13 papers on drinking water, health and biological effects. We were fortunate in having the support of the many organizations and individuals listed after this preface. In particular we thank B.F. Scott and R. Knechtel for their help in organizing the Symposium, S. Paterson, C. Straka, B. Reuber, A. Bobra, R. Wan, S. Austin, G.E. Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Keynote Address....Pages 1-8 Hydrocarbons and Halogenated Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment: Some Thoughts on the Philosophy and Practice of Environmental Analytical Chemistry....Pages 9-28 The Sampling and Measurement of Hydrocarbons in Natural Waters....Pages 29-68 Fast Quantitative Analysis of a Wide Variety of Halogenated Compounds in Surface-, Drinking-, and Ground-Water....Pages 69-80 Adsorption of Insecticide Residues — Importance in Environmental Sampling and Analysis....Pages 81-90 Methodology for the Isolation of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Qualitative, Quantitative, and Bioassay Studies....Pages 91-108 Benzo(a)pyrene in the Marine Environment: Analytical Techniques and Results....Pages 109-119 Chromatographic and Spectral Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Air and Water Environments....Pages 121-129 Presence and Potential Significance of o - o ’-Unsubstituted PCB Isomers and Trace Aroclor® 1248 and 1254 Impurities....Pages 131-139 Analysis of Mirex in Lake Sediments: Problems and Solutions....Pages 141-144 Chloro-Organic Compounds in the Lower Fox River, Wisconsin....Pages 145-160 The Determination and Levels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Source and Treated Waters....Pages 161-172 Multicomponent Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Analysis of Inland Water and Sediment....Pages 173-183 An Evaluation of Purging Methods for Organics in Water....Pages 185-200 Determination of Purgeable Organics in Sediment....Pages 201-206 Analysis of Headspace Gases for Parts Per Billion Concentrations of Volatile Organic Contaminants in Water Samples by Gas Chromatography....Pages 207-216 Evaluation of Analytical Techniques for Assessment of Treatment Processes for Trace Halogenated Hydrocarbons....Pages 217-230 The Examination and Estimation of the Performance Characteristics of a Standard Method for Organo-Chlorine Insecticides and PCB....Pages 231-253 A System for the Preparation of Organohalogen Reference Materials with Marine Lipid Matrices....Pages 255-263 Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Hydrocarbons and Halohydrocarbons....Pages 265-283 Identification and Quantitative Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on WCOT Glass Capillary Columns....Pages 285-302 Automatic Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Water Via GC/MS....Pages 303-314 Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Marine Environmental Samples....Pages 315-336 Reproductive Success of Herring Gulls as an Indicator of Great Lakes Water Quality....Pages 337-344 Pesticide Monitoring in the Prairies of Western Canada....Pages 345-372 Importance of Particulate Matter on the Load of Hydrocarbons of Motorway Runoff and Secondary Effluents....Pages 373-385 Organochlorines in Precipitation in the Great Lakes Region....Pages 387-396 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment: Gulf of Maine Sediments and Nova Scotia Soils....Pages 397-403 Halogenated Hydrocarbons in Dutch Water Samples Over the Years 1969 – 1977....Pages 405-415 A Model System for the Investigation of Methods of Herbicide Speciation....Pages 417-434 Anthropogenic C 1 and C 2 Halocarbons: Potential Application as Coastal Water-Mass Tracers....Pages 435-444 Prediction of Volatilization Rates of Chemicals in Water....Pages 445-451 Chlorinated Phenolic Compounds: Formation, Detection, and Toxicity in Drinking Water....Pages 453-460 Screening South African Drinking-Waters for Organic Substances Hazardous to Health....Pages 461-472 Trihalomethane Levels at Selected Water Utilities in Kentucky, U.S.A.....Pages 473-490 Formation of Trihalomethanes During Chlorination and Determination of Halogenated Hydrocarbons in Drinking Water....Pages 491-501 Trihalomethane Levels in Canadian Drinking Water....Pages 503-512 Aquatic Organism Pathobiology as a Sentinel System to Monitor Environmental Carcinogens....Pages 513-520 Bacterial Degradation of Crude Oil and Oil Components in Pure and Mixed Culture Systems....Pages 521-530 Induction of Mixed Function Oxidase Enzymes in Fish by Halogenated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons....Pages 531-536 Halogenated Biphenyl Metabolism....Pages 537-544 Toxicity of Hydrocarbons and Their Halogenated Derivatives in an Aqueous Environment....Pages 545-557 Fish Tumor Pathology and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pollution in a Great Lakes Estuary....Pages 559-565 Bioaccumulation of Arene and Organochlorine Pollutants by Cipangopaludina Chinensis (Gray, 1834) (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Ponds in the Royal Botanical Gardens, Hamilton, Ontario....Pages 567-576 The Correlation of the Toxicity to Algae of Hydrocarbons and Halogenated Hydrocarbons with their Physical-Chemical Properties....Pages 577-586 Erratum to: Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Hydrocarbons and Halohydrocarbons....Pages 589-589 Back Matter....Pages 587-589