Human Dignity and the Kingdom of Ends: Kantian Perspectives and Practical Applications (Routledge Studies in Eighteenth-Century Philosophy)

"This book advances our understanding of the nature, grounds and limits of human dignity by connecting it with Kant's notion of an ideal moral community, or "kingdom of ends". It features original essays by leading Kant scholars and moral and political philosophers from around the world. Although Kant's influential injunction to treat humanity as an end in itself and never merely as a means has garnered the most attention among those interested in analyzing human dignity with a Kantian lens, Kant himself places much more emphasis on the kingdom of ends as crucial for defining human dignity. The chapters in this collection focus not only on interpretive issues related to the kingdom of ends, but also on practical applications that have the potential to advance discussions about the nature and foundations of rights, the content of moral principles, the importance of moral ideals and attitudes and the nature of moral motivation. Exploring and connecting the ideas of human dignity and the kingdom of ends significantly deepens our moral understanding, advances discussions in moral and political philosophy and enhances our appreciation of Kant's moral theory. Human Dignity and the kingdom of ends: Kantian Perspectives and Practical Applications will appeal to scholars and advanced students of Kant, moral philosophy, political philosophy, and political theory"-- Provided by publisher This book focuses not only on interpretive issues related to the Kingdom of Ends, but also on practical applications that have the potential to advance discussions about the nature and foundations of rights, the content of moral principles, the importance of moral ideals and the nature of moral motivation. Cover 1 Endorsement Page 2 Half Title 4 Series Page 5 Title Page 6 Copyright Page 7 Dedication 8 Table of Contents 10 List of Contributors 12 Acknowledgments 15 Abbreviations for Kant’s Works 16 Human Dignity and the Kingdom of Ends: An Introduction 18 I.1 Human Dignity 18 I.2 The Kingdom of Ends 22 I.3 Dignity in the Kingdom of Ends 26 I.4 Outline of the Volume 29 I.4.1 Part I. Human Dignity and the Kingdom of Ends in Kant’s Groundwork 29 I.4.2 Part II. The Politics of Human Dignity and the Kingdom of Ends 31 I.4.3 Part III. The Ethics of Human Dignity and the Kingdom of Ends 35 Notes 38 Works Cited 39 Part I: Human Dignity and the Kingdom of Ends in Kant’s Groundwork 44 Chapter 1: The Dignity of Freedom 46 1.1 Introduction 46 1.2 Dignity 46 1.3 Freedom 49 1.4 Capacity or Realization? 54 1.5 Acting with Dignity 58 Notes 62 Works Cited 66 Chapter 2: The Kingdom of Ends in the Groundwork 68 2.1 Introduction 68 2.2 Why a Kingdom of Ends? 69 2.3 What Is the Kingdom of Ends? 72 2.3.1 The Existence of the Kingdom of Ends 73 2.3.2 The Internal Structure of the Kingdom of Ends 74 2.4 Autonomy 76 2.5 Worth and Price 78 2.6 Dignity 81 2.7 Conclusion 83 Notes 83 References 84 Chapter 3: “Closer to intuition (according to a certain analogy) and thereby to feeling”: Making Kant’s Kingdom of Ends Intuitive 85 3.1 A Very Fruitful Concept 87 3.2 Closer to Intuition (According to a Certain Analogy) 88 3.3 Counteracting Evil with United Forces 92 3.4 Greatly Scaled Down Under Human Hands 93 3.5 Something That the Senses Can Hold On to 94 3.6 Sensible Intermediaries That Serve as Schemata 95 3.7 ... and thereby to feeling 97 3.8 Conclusion 98 Notes 99 Works Cited 103 Chapter 4: Kant’s Understanding of Human Dignity as Self-Determination in the Realm of Ends 105 4.1 Conditions of Kant’s Understanding of Human Dignity as Self-Legislation in the Realm of Ends 1 105 4.2 The Use of the Concept Of Human Dignity in the Groundwork in the Third Imagination-Formula of the Categorical Imperative, the Realm-of-Ends-Formula 110 4.3 The Peculiarity of the Realm of Ends and the Realm-of-Ends Formula 113 4.4 Human Dignity in Kant as the Secularized Religious Idea of the Linkage to the Totality of the World United with the Moralized Rousseauian Concept of Autonomy 118 Notes 119 Bibliography 121 Part II: The Politics of Human Dignity and the Kingdom of Ends 124 Chapter 5: Honeste Vive : Dignity in Kant’s Theory of Juridical Obligation 126 5.1 Dignity in the Doctrine of Right 126 5.2 The Only Innate Right as Juridical Blamelessness ( Unbescholtenheit) 132 5.2.1 Innate Right and Honeste Vive 134 5.3 How Is External Juridical Obligation Possible? 136 5.3.1 A Modal Theory of Juridical Obligation 139 5.4 Conclusion 141 Notes 143 Works Cited 147 Chapter 6: All Kings in the Kingdom of Ends? 149 Notes 159 Works Cited 163 Chapter 7: The Transmutation of Dignity: Kant, Neo-Roman Republicanism, and the Commonwealth of Ends 165 7.1 Introduction 165 7.2 Dignity Prior to Kant 166 7.2.1 Roman dignitas 166 7.2.2 Christian Dignity 168 7.3 Neo-Roman Republicanism and Dignity 168 7.4 Sui iuris in the Commonwealth of Ends 172 7.5 The Transmutation of Hierarchical into Egalitarian Dignity 175 Appendix: Kantianism Versus Neo-Roman Republicanism 176 Notes 179 References 183 Chapter 8: Respect and Retribution in the Kingdom of Ends 185 Notes 204 Works Cited 206 Chapter 9: Kantian Human Dignity and a “Community of Rights” 207 9.1 What a Concept of Human Dignity Would Have to Achieve? 208 9.2 A Kantian Line to Human Dignity 211 9.3 Human Dignity and Practical Self-Understanding 213 9.4 Human Dignity and the Hermeneutics of Human Rights 217 Notes 220 Bibliography 220 Chapter 10: Poverty, Dignity, and the Kingdom of Ends 223 10.1 Kant’s Conception of Human Dignity 224 10.2 What Does It Mean Not to Respect the Moral Status of Persons in the Context of Poverty? 227 10.2.1 The Vulnerability-to-Instrumentalization Thesis 228 10.2.2 The Humiliation Thesis 228 10.3 What Would It Mean to Respect the Moral Status of Persons? – Two More Theses 230 10.3.1 Respect-for-Ends-in-Themselves Thesis 230 10.3.2 Treating Others as Ends and Means 232 10.4 Poverty as Exclusion From Humanity 235 10.5 Conclusion 237 Acknowledgments 237 Notes 238 References 238 Part III: The Ethics of Human Dignity and the Kingdom of Ends 242 Chapter 11: Legislating in the Fray: Lillian Hellman and the Kingdom of Ends 1 244 11.1 Introduction 244 11.2 Lillian Hellman 245 11.3 Hellman and Kant 247 11.4 Kant on Dignity and the Kingdom of Ends 250 11.4.1 The Kingdom of Ends 250 11.4.2 Dignity 253 11.5 Hellman as Kantian Moral Legislator 254 11.5.1 The Problem Deepened 254 11.5.2 Enlightenment 255 11.5.3 Character 258 11.6 Conclusion 261 Notes 262 Works Cited 264 Chapter 12: The Kingdom of Ends as Ideal 266 12.1 The Work of the Imagination 267 12.2 Kantian Ideals and the Imagination 269 12.2.1 Orientation 269 12.2.2 Harmonization 270 12.2.3 Reconciliation 272 12.2.4 Hope 272 12.3 The Kingdom of Ends as an Imaginative Ideal 274 12.4 Further Considerations 277 Notes 279 References 280 Chapter 13: Gaslighting, Self-Respect, and the Kingdom of Ends 1 283 13.1 What is Gaslighting? 284 13.2 Examples and Distinctions 285 13.3 A Kantian Framework 286 13.4 The Facilitating Conditions of Gaslighting’s Success 289 13.5 The Injuries of Gaslighting 291 13.5.1 Groundlessly Undermining Another’s Capacity for Moral Judgment 291 13.5.2 Groundlessly Undermining Another’s Self-Respect 292 13.5.2.1 Kantian Recognition Self-Respect 292 13.5.2.2 Agentic Self-Respect 293 13.6 Gaslighting, Dignity and the Kingdom of Ends 294 13.7 Conclusion 295 Notes 295 Works Cited 297 Chapter 14: Knowledge, Error, and Enlightenment in the Kingdom of Ends 300 14.1 Rational Interests in Representing What Is True or Real 302 14.1.1 Understanding 302 14.1.2 Insight 303 14.1.3 Knowledge 303 14.2 Rational Interests in Avoiding and Correcting Errors 305 14.2.1 Two Kinds of Errors 305 14.2.2 Guise of the Truth 305 14.3 Rational Interests in Thinking for Oneself 306 14.4 Complexities and Controversies 307 14.5 Prima Facie Laws of Reason 308 14.5.1 Prima Facsie Laws Concerning Ourselves 309 14.5.2 Prima Facie Laws Concerning Others 311 14.5.3 Prima Facie Laws Concerning Communication 313 14.6 Autonomy, Dignity, and the Kingdom of Ends 314 14.7 Theoretical and Practical Reason 315 Notes 319 Works Cited 323 Chapter 15: Deliberating with Solidarity, Respect, and Appreciation 327 15.1 Aims and Limits of the Project 327 15.2 Basic Orienting Attitudes 329 15.3 Human Solidarity 331 15.4 Respect for Humanity 334 15.5 Appreciation 337 15.6 Concluding Remarks 341 Notes 342 Works Cited 345 Index 347 Jan-Willem,van,der,Rijt;,Adam,Cureton;,Paul,Guyer;,Dietmar,von,der,Pfordten;,Oliver,Sensen;,Jeremy,Waldron;,Sarah,Holtman;,Alice,Pinheiro,Walla;,Marcus,Düwell;,David,Sussman;,Corinna,Mieth;,Garrath,Williams;,Cynthia,A.,Stark;,Thomas,E.,Hill,Jr.;,Mark,Timmons;,Kiran,Bhardwaj;,human,dignity;,Kant;,Kingdom,of,Ends;,human,rights;,respect;,moral,standing;,political,standing;,self-determination;,citizenship;,Kantian,dignity;,community,of,rights;,self-respect;,retribution;,revenge;,humanity;,gaslighting;,solidarity Jan-Willem van der Rijt,Adam Cureton,Paul Guyer,Dietmar von der Pfordten,Oliver Sensen,Jeremy Waldron,Sarah Holtman,Alice Pinheiro Walla,Marcus Düwell,David Sussman,Corinna Mieth,Garrath Williams,Cynthia A. Stark,Thomas E. Hill Jr.,Mark Timmons,Kiran Bhardwaj,human dignity,Kant,Kingdom of Ends,human rights,respect,moral standing,political standing,self-determination,citizenship,Kantian dignity,community of rights,self-respect,retribution,revenge,humanity,gaslighting,solidarity