Human-Centered AI

## Abstract Researchers, developers, business leaders, policy makers, and others are expanding the technology-centered scope of artificial intelligence (AI) to include human-centered AI (HCAI) ways of thinking. This expansion from an algorithm-focused view to embrace a human-centered perspective can shape the future of technology so as to better serve human needs. Educators, designers, software engineers, product managers, evaluators, and government agency staffers can build on AI-driven technologies to design products and services that make life better for people and enable people to care for each other. Humans have always been tool builders, and now they are supertool builders, whose inventions can improve our health, family life, education, business, the environment, and much more. The remarkable progress in algorithms for machine and deep learning have opened the doors to new opportunities, and some dark possibilities. However, a bright future awaits AI researchers, developers, business leaders, policy makers, and others who build on their working methods by including HCAI strategies of design and testing. This enlarged vision can shape the future of technology so as to better serve human needs. As many technology companies and thought leaders have said, the goal is not to replace people, but to empower them by making design choices that give humans control over technology. cover titlepage copyrightpage contents Part 1 What Is Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence? 1 Introduction: High Expectations 2 How Do Rationalism and Empiricism Provide Sound Foundations? 3 Are People and Computers in the Same Category? 4 Will Automation, AI, and Robots Lead to Widespread Unemployment? 5 Summary and Skeptic's Corner Part 2 Human-Centered AI Framework 6 Introduction: Rising above the Levels of Automation 7 Defining Reliable, Safe, and Trustworthy Systems 8 Two-Dimensional HCAI Framework 9 Design Guidelines and Examples 10 Summary and Skeptic's Corner Part 3 Design Metaphors 11 Introduction: What Are the Goals of AI Research? 12 Science and Innovation Goals 13 Intelligent Agents and Supertools 14 Teammates and Tele-bots 15 Assured Autonomy and Control Centers 16 Social Robots and Active Appliances 17 Summary and Skeptic's Corner Part 4 Governance Structures 18 Introduction: How to Bridge the Gap from Ethics to Practice 19 Reliable Systems Based on Sound Software Engineering Practices 20 Safety Culture through Business Management Strategies 21 Trustworthy Certification by Independent Oversight 21: APPENDIX A Non-Governmental and Civil Society Organizations Workingon HCAI 21: APPENDIX B Professional Organizations and Research Institutes Working on HCAI 22 Government Interventions and Regulations 23 Summary and Skeptic's Corner Part 5 Where Do We Go from Here? 24 Introduction: Driving HCAI Forward 25 Assessing Trustworthiness 26 Caring for and Learning from Older Adults 27 Summary and Skeptic's Corner Personal Epilogue: How I Became Passionate about Human-Centered Approaches Notes Bibliography Name Index Subject Index In Human-Centered AI, Professor Ben Shneiderman provides an optimistic realist's guide to how artificial intelligence can be used to augment and enhance humans' lives. The remarkable progress in algorithms for machine and deep learning have opened the doors to new opportunities, and some dark possibilities. However, a bright future awaits those who build on their working methods by including HCAI strategies of design and testing. As many technology companies and thought leaders have argued, the goal is not to replace people, but to empower them by making design choices that give humans control over technology. In Human-Centered AI, Professor Ben Shneiderman offers an optimistic realist's guide to how artificial intelligence can be used to augment and enhance humans' lives. This project bridges the gap between ethical considerations and practical realities to offer a road map for successful, reliable systems. Digital cameras, communications services, and navigation apps are just the beginning. Shneiderman shows how future applications will support health and wellness, improve education, accelerate business, and connect people in reliable, safe, and trustworthy ways that respect human values, rights, justice, and dignity "Professor Ben Shneiderman offers an optimistic realist's guide to how artificial intelligence can be used to augment and enhance humans' lives. This project bridges the gap between ethical considerations and practical realities to offer a road map for successful, reliable systems. Digital cameras, communications services, and navigation apps are just the beginning. Shneiderman shows how future applications will support health and wellness, improve education, accelerate business, and connect people in reliable, safe, and trustworthy ways that respect human values, rights, justice, and dignity."-- Provided by publisher