House of Worship Sound Reinforcement, Second Revised Edition (Artistpro)

House of Worship Sound Reinforcement provides everything you need to know to become a sound technician in a house of worship and beyond. Starting with the basic foundations of sound, you'll progress into learning how the sound in your house of worship is captured with microphones and transduced into electricity. From there, you will explore the wonders of the mixing console, where all the audio you're capturing is sent, processed, and mixed together. Next up will be a thorough examination of how sound is projected not only to the congregation but also back at the worship team through the speaker system. After delving into the world of digital processors, you will learn how to create an optimal environment for projecting sound in your worship space, which includes properly setting up your system. Finally, you will discover what it takes to maintain your system as well as how to readjust and/or create a new system for outreach events. Although the concepts in this book are complex, they are conveyed in non-technical language, so even if you have no experience with sound reinforcement, the book's contents are easy to follow and put into practice. The authors focus on real-world situations and setups and avoid discussions of physics and math, which can be confusing and intimidating. Whether you are just beginning your journey into live sound, you've been mixing at your own house of worship for a period of time, or you have years of experience already logged in, you will surely find useful information, tricks of the trade, and sound advice in this book that will serve you for years to come. Contents......Page 7 Introduction......Page 12 What Is Sound?......Page 18 Vibrations......Page 19 Hertz......Page 20 Decibels and the Decibel Meter......Page 21 Frequency Ranges......Page 23 Worship Instrument and Vocal Frequencies......Page 24 Overtones......Page 28 Live or Dead?......Page 29 Know Your Space......Page 30 What They Are......Page 32 Types of Microphones......Page 34 Microphone Polar Patterns......Page 37 Some Tech Terms to Know......Page 39 Microphone Uses......Page 40 Miking Your Preacher......Page 41 Miking Your Choir......Page 42 Miking Instruments......Page 43 Microphone Connection Tools......Page 48 Balanced XLR Cables......Page 49 Snakes......Page 50 Direct Boxes......Page 51 What They Are......Page 53 Caution: Interference......Page 54 Diversity Systems......Page 55 CHAPTER 3 Mixers and the Art of Mixing......Page 56 Input Channel Strip......Page 57 Mic/Line Input......Page 59 Equalization......Page 61 Faders......Page 64 The Three Amigos......Page 65 Aux Sends......Page 66 Submix Groups......Page 67 And Don’t Forget.........Page 69 The Master Section......Page 70 Stereo Versus Mono......Page 71 Meters......Page 72 Inserts......Page 73 The Preacher......Page 74 The Choir......Page 75 The Worship Band......Page 76 CHAPTER 4 Speakers......Page 78 The Driver......Page 81 The Enclosure......Page 85 2-way......Page 88 3-way......Page 89 Phase......Page 90 Crossovers......Page 92 Speaker-Management Processor......Page 93 Non-Powered Systems......Page 94 Power Amplifiers......Page 95 Stereo......Page 96 Mono......Page 97 Bridged......Page 98 Speaker Cable......Page 99 Time-Alignment Processing......Page 101 CHAPTER 5 Monitors......Page 102 Placement......Page 103 Equalization......Page 106 Feedback......Page 107 A Solution to the Problem......Page 108 Feedback Suppressors......Page 109 In-Ear Monitors......Page 110 Powered Monitors Versus Passive Monitors......Page 113 CHAPTER 6 Outboard Gear......Page 116 Types......Page 117 Connecting......Page 120 Compression/Limiting......Page 121 Anatomy of a Compressor......Page 122 Common Uses of Compression......Page 124 Connecting......Page 125 Common Uses......Page 126 Connecting......Page 127 Effects Processors......Page 129 Reverb......Page 130 Delay......Page 132 Chorus......Page 133 Connecting......Page 134 CHAPTER 7 Creating a Sound Environment......Page 136 These Four Walls (and More)......Page 137 Building Materials......Page 138 The Worship Space......Page 139 To Absorb or Not to Absorb?......Page 141 Reverberation......Page 142 Standing Waves......Page 144 Best for Speech......Page 145 Best for Music and Singing Voices......Page 146 Be a Good Listener......Page 147 Simple Solutions......Page 148 Acoustic Panels......Page 150 False Walls......Page 153 Organizing......Page 156 Locations......Page 157 Cables......Page 158 Microphones and Related Accessories......Page 161 The Stage, Deck, or Platform......Page 164 Making Connections......Page 167 Off to the Mixer......Page 168 It’s Outta Here......Page 169 Power to the People......Page 170 Dealing with On-Stage Instruments......Page 171 Placement......Page 172 Electrical Connections......Page 173 Singers and Preachers......Page 176 Placement......Page 177 Risers......Page 178 Podiums......Page 179 The You-Probably-Don’t-Want-To-Do-That List......Page 180 Reality Check......Page 182 Speaker Placement......Page 183 General Guidelines......Page 185 Aiming Speakers......Page 186 Subwoofers......Page 187 Tools of the Trade......Page 190 Outlet Tester......Page 191 Cable Tester......Page 192 Soldering Iron......Page 193 Dust-Removal Tools......Page 194 Sprays......Page 196 Multi-Meter......Page 197 Troubleshooting......Page 199 Microphone-to-Mixer Signal Check......Page 200 Mixer Check......Page 201 Post-Mixer-to-Speaker-Signal Check......Page 202 Earth/Ground......Page 203 Signal/Chassis Ground......Page 204 Ground Loops......Page 205 Dealing with Unwanted Noises......Page 206 Hiss......Page 207 Static and Crackle......Page 208 More Complex Noises......Page 209 Proper Soldering......Page 210 Choose Your Iron......Page 211 Solder and Tools......Page 213 Reflow Techniques......Page 216 Leaving Your Comfort Zone......Page 220 To Rent or Not to Rent......Page 221 The Gear......Page 222 Generators......Page 223 Outreach Locations......Page 226 Outdoors......Page 227 Community Centers......Page 229 School Auditoriums......Page 230 Front of House (FOH)......Page 231 Side of Stage......Page 233 Back of Stage......Page 234 Closing Words......Page 235 A......Page 236 C......Page 237 F......Page 238 L......Page 239 P......Page 240 S......Page 241 W–X......Page 242 C......Page 244 E......Page 245 I......Page 246 M......Page 247 P......Page 248 S......Page 249 T......Page 250 Y......Page 251 House of Worship: Sound Reinforcement provides everything you need to know to become a sound technician in a house of worship and beyond. Starting with the basic foundations of sound, you'll progress into learning how the sound in your house of worship is captured with microphones, fed into the mixing console, processed, and then sent out through the speaker system to both the congregation and the worship team. You will learn how to create an optimal environment for projecting sound in your worship space and you will discover what it takes to maintain your system as well as how to readjust and/or create a new system for outreach events. Although the concepts in this book are complex, they are conveyed in non-technical language, so even if you have no experience with sound reinforcement, the book's contents are easy to follow and put into practice. The authors focus on real-world situations and setups while avoiding discussions of physics and math, which can be confusing and intimidating. Whether you are just beginning your journey into live sound, you've been mixing at your own house of worship for a period of time, or you have years of experience already logged in, you will surely find useful information, tricks of the trade, and sound advice in this book that will serve you for years to come.