History of Psychology Through Symbols : From Reflective Study to Active Engagement. Volume 1: Historic Roots

Volume One of The History of Psychology through Symbols provides a groundbreaking approach by expanding the roots of psychology beyond the Greeks to concurrent events during the same period (800 BCE–200 BCE), defined as the Axial Age by German-Swiss psychiatrist Karl Jaspers. The Axial Age emphasized seeking the universal connection that unites all humanity, a focus not on what one believed, but how one lived. This includes the human desire to connect to something greater, the totality of being human, explained by using symbols, the universal language. This volume describes the psychological implications of the Axial Age through the developments of Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism, Daoism, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism, as well as Greek thought. Rooted in the Axial Age, Volume One explores how the Christian and Islamic eras influenced psychology, which resulted in the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution, which provided the historic roots of modern psychology. Rejecting the idea that science transcends historical events, this volume provides a political, socioeconomic, and cultural context for all the historic developments. The chapter on the history of mental illness provides inspiration for a new mental health system with specific recommendations for radical system reform. In the spirit of the Axial Age on the importance of how one lives, there is an emphasis on engagement with symbols and with specific exercises, called emancipatory opportunities, to apply the lessons of psychological history to daily life. This book is ideal for those seeking a dynamic and engaging way of learning about or teaching the history of psychology and would also be of interest to students, practitioners, and scholars of science, philosophy, history and systems, religious studies, art, and mental health and drug and alcohol treatment, as well as those interested in applying the lessons of history to daily life. Cover Half Title Endorsements Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Contents Acknowledgments 1. History of Psychology through Symbols: From Reflective Study to Active Engagement Introduction How to Engage the Text Assume a Critical-Emancipatory Perspective Engage Symbols as a Universal Teacher Embrace the Existence of Shadow in All Human Activity Situate Psychological History in Political, Socioeconomic, and Cultural Systems Apply History to Daily Life How to Engage Each Chapter Reflect on Each Symbol Read the Political, Socioeconomic, and Cultural Systems Analysis Read the Historic Developments in Psychology Consider Applying the Emancipatory Opportunities Answer Key Course Questions Review the Universal Meanings of the Chapter Symbols Review References Review the Impact of Symbols on Learning How to Engage the Two Volumes Volume One – The Historic Roots of Modern Psychology Volume Two – The Development of Modern Psychology The Four Forces of Modern Psychology The First Force – Psychodynamic Psychology The Second Force – Behavioral Psychology The Third Force – Humanistic-Existential Psychology The Fourth Force – Transpersonal Psychology Questions 1 Universal Meanings of the Chapter Symbols References 2. Symbols of the Axial Age: The Age of Psychological Transformation Introduction Psychology beyond the Greeks The Origin and Goal of History Scientific Method Controversies Symbol and the Universalistic Vision Shadow Beyond Western Ethnocentrism Zoroastrianism – Iran Historical Analysis of Zoroastrianism Zoroastrian Psychology Emancipatory Opportunities in Zoroastrianism Hinduism – India Historical Analysis of Hinduism Hindu Psychology Emancipatory Opportunities in Hinduism Buddhism – India Historical Analysis of Buddhism Buddhist Psychology Emancipatory Opportunities in Buddhism Confucianism – China Historical Analysis of Confucianism Confucian Psychology Emancipatory Opportunities in Confucianism Daoism – China Historical Analysis of Daoism Daoist Psychology Emancipatory Opportunities in Daoism Judaism – Palestine Historical Analysis of Judaism Psychology of Judaism Emancipatory Opportunities in Judaism Questions 2 Universal Meanings of the Chapter Symbols References 3. Symbols of the Greek Era: The Foundation of Western Psychology Introduction Greeks in the Axial Age An Encounter with Myth From Mythology to Philosophy Greek Era Historical Analysis Greek Psychology in the Axial Age The Pre-Socratic Revolution Classical Greek Philosophy Emancipatory Opportunities in Greek Philosophy Questions 3 Universal Meanings of the Chapter Symbols References 4. Symbols of the Hellenistic, Christian, and Islamic Eras Introduction The End of the Axial Age Hellenistic Age – Greece Historical Analysis of Hellenistic Age Hellenistic Psychology Emancipatory Opportunities in Hellenistic Psychology Christian Era Historic Analysis of Christian Era Christian Psychology Emancipatory Opportunities in Christianity Islam Historical Analysis of Islam Psychology of Islam Emancipatory Opportunities in Islam Questions 4 Universal Meanings of the Chapter Symbols References 5. Symbols of Psychological Rebirth during the Renaissance, the Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment Introduction Renaissance Scientific Revolution The Enlightenment The Renaissance Historical Analysis of Renaissance Renaissance Psychology Emancipatory Opportunities of the Renaissance The Scientific Revolution Historical Analysis of the Scientific Revolution Psychology and the Scientific Revolution Emancipatory Opportunities of the Scientific Revolution The Enlightenment Historical Analysis of the Enlightenment Enlightenment Psychology Emancipatory Opportunities of Enlightenment Questions 5 Universal Meanings of the Chapter Symbols References 6. The Symbols of the History of Mental Illness: Past, Present, and a New Vision for the Future Introduction A New Vision Definition of Mental Illness A Community Mental Health Vision Mental Illness Historical Analysis of Mental Illness Historically Based Best Practices A Half Century of Darkness: 1900–1950 The End of Moral Treatment The Psychiatric Pharmaceutical Revolution First Generation Antipsychotics Second-Generation Antipsychotics The Psychological Revolution in the Treatment of Mental Illness Behaviorism Psychoanalysis Jungian Analysis Existential and Transpersonal Psychology The Community Mental Health Revolution Deinstitutionalization and the Birth of Community Mental Health Community Psychology Clinical Psychology and the Realigned Community Mental Health System Innovation and Best Practices in Community Mental Health The Consumer and Family Member Revolution The Psychiatric Survivors Antipsychiatry Movement Controversy between Clients and Their Families – Involuntary Care National Alliance on Mental Health Emancipatory Opportunities to Transform the Mental Health System Questions 6 Universal Meanings of the Chapter Symbols References Index Volume One of The History of Psychology through Symbols provides a groundbreaking approach by expanding the roots of psychology beyond the Greeks to concurrent events during the same period (800 BCE–200 BCE), defined as the Axial Age by German-Swiss psychiatrist Karl Jaspers.The Axial Age emphasized seeking the universal connection that unites all humanity, a focus not on what one believed, but how one lived. This includes the human desire to connect to something greater, the totality of being human, explained by using symbols, the universal language. This volume describes the psychological implications of the Axial Age through the developments of Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism, Daoism, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism, as well as Greek thought. Rooted in the Axial Age, Volume One explores how the Christian and Islamic eras influenced psychology, which resulted in the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution, which provided the historic roots of modern psychology. Rejecting the idea that science transcends historical events, this volume provides a political, socioeconomic, and cultural context for all the historic developments. The chapter on the history of mental illness provides inspiration for a new mental health system with specific recommendations for radical system reform. In the spirit of the Axial Age on the importance of how one lives, there is an emphasis on engagement with symbols and with specific exercises, called emancipatory opportunities, to apply the lessons of psychological history to daily life.This book is ideal for those seeking a dynamic and engaging way of learning about or teaching the history of psychology and would also be of interest to students, practitioners, and scholars of science, philosophy, history and systems, religious studies, art, and mental health and drug and alcohol treatment, as well as those interested in applying the lessons of history to daily life.Learn more about this groundbreaking text and its symbols on the special website: www.psychologyandsymbols.com.