History of Linguistics 2011 : Selected Papers From the 12th International Conference on the History of the Language Sciences (ICHoLS XII), Saint Petersburg, 28 August - 2 September 2011

This volume brings together a selection of papers presented at the 12th International Conference on the History of the Language Sciences (ICHoLS XII) held in St. Petersburg, Russia, 28 August – 2 September 2011. It begins with contributions on 17th-century rationalist ideas and practical grammar writing, and then covers a great variety of 18th and 19th century topics from Western grammars of Chinese to Saussure’s remarks on semiology of the years 1881–1891. The most noteworthy feature, however, is an entire section devoted to linguistics in Russia from the early Soviet period until the 1950s, including attempts to establish a Marxist view of language as well as phases to critically adapt Western ideas and at times efforts to participate successfully in international linguistic scholarship, both in phonetics and semantics. SIHOLS 123 HISTORY OF LINGUISTICS 2011 2 Editorial page 3 Title page 4 LCC data 5 Table of contents 6 Foreword & Acknowledgments 10 Honorary President’s Address 12 Editors' introduction 16 Part I. European linguistics in the 17th and late 18th centuries 20 “Inversions of word order generate higher costs”: Continuity and development of a topos since the ra 22 1. Higher costs - more effort required for understanding inversions 22 2. The emergence and defense of the doctrine of the ‘ordre naturel’ 24 3. Criticism of the doctrine of the ‘ordre naturel’ from a pragmatic and rhetorical perspective 25 4. The sensualist explanation of an epistemological word order theory 26 5. The influence of the doctrine of the ‘ordre naturel’ on Europe 27 6. The continuity of the discussion 28 References 29 Qui a écrit la Grammaire générale et raisonnée? 32 1. Introduction 32 2. Qui a écrit la GGR? Opinions modernes 33 3. Le témoignage du Recueil des choses diverses 34 4. Qui pense? Qui écrit? Utilisation du “je” et du “nous” 35 5. Les autorités citées par la GGR et les renvois à la NML et à la NMG 36 6. GGR 2, 9 suite: quod latin et ὅτι grec 38 7. GGR, 2, 13: définition du verbe 40 8. Conclusion 42 References 43 Travail du pouvoir et productions sur la ‘langue française’ au XVIIe siècle 46 1. Comment Richelieu pense-t-il la langue française dans les années 1630-1650? 46 2. Quels sont les ouvrages sur la langue produits dans cet espace nouveau? 50 3. Conclusion 52 Références 53 The main characteristics of grammar-writing in Slovenia between 1584 and 1758 56 1. Introduction 56 2. The first grammar of the Slovenian language (1584) 57 3. The grammatical appendix to a four-language dictionary (1592) 61 4. Grammatical texts in the 17th and early 18th centuries 64 5. A broader perspective 66 6. Conclusion 66 References 67 Part II. Linguistics in the late 18th and 19th centuries 70 Western grammars of the Chinese language in the 18th and 19th centuries: Studies on ‘cenemes’ and wo 72 1. Introduction 72 2. The cenemes in the grammars of Chinese 73 3. Word formation 76 4. Conclusion 78 References 79 L’universalite du discours et le génie des langues dans la Grammaire Générale philosophique et litté 82 Références 88 The reception of Court de Gébelin in 19th-century Portuguese grammar: The case of the anonymous Regr 90 1. Introduction 90 2. The Regras de grammatica portugueza (1841) 91 3. Conclusion 102 References 104 Morphologie du langage et typologie linguistique: La connexion ‘Schleicher - Saint-Pétersbourg’ 106 1. De Iéna à Saint-Pétersbourg, anno 1858 107 2. La morphologie du langage comme pilier de la Glottik chez Schleicher 108 3. Zur Morphologie der Sprache (1859): principes théoriques; illustration empirique; résultats et pr 111 4. La ‘connexion Saint-Pétersbourg’ 116 Références 120 L’évolution du terme ‘sémiologie’ chez Saussure: 1881-1891 122 1. Les lieux textuels de la sémiologie chez Saussure 122 2. La sémiologie dans Phonétique (1881-1885) 123 3. Le Cours de gotique à l’École des Hautes-Études (1885-1886) 127 4. La sémiologie dans De l’essence double du langage (1891) 128 5. Conclusion 131 References 131 Part III. Theoretical issues in the 20th-century linguistic thought 134 Questioning the idea of ‘founding text’: Harris’s Discourse Analysis and French Analyse du discours 136 1. Introduction 136 2. The reception of Zellig S. Harris (1909-1992) in France 137 3. Jean Dubois’s lexicological trend of Analyse du Discours Française 138 4. Pêcheux’s trend: From information retrieval to computerized Discourse Analysis 139 5. Conclusion 142 References 143 Earlier and later anti-psychologism in linguistics 146 1. Introduction 146 2. Earlier anti-psychologism 147 3. Later anti-psychologism 149 4. Earlier and later anti-psychologism: Differences and similarities 151 References 154 Looking for a semantic theory: The path taken by Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz (1931-1960) 156 1. Introduction 156 2. Ajdukiewicz’s inferential theory of meaning (1931-1935) 157 3. The categorial conception of meaning (1935) 158 4. Ajdukiewicz’s solution (1960) 160 5. Conclusion 162 References 162 Jakobson’s circles 164 1. Introduction 164 2. Moscow 165 3. Prague 167 4. Copenhagen and Scandinavia 168 5. New York 169 6. Cambridge 170 7. Conclusion 172 Note 172 References 173 Part IV. Russian and Soviet linguistics 176 Soviet linguistics and world linguistics 178 1. Two popular fallacies 178 2. Early structuralism in the Soviet Union 179 3. Politics and linguistics 181 4. Opponents of Marrism 182 5. Linguistics after Stalin’s death 182 6. Linguistics of the 1970s 184 7. Generative Grammar in the Soviet Union 184 8. Shifting priorities 185 References 185 Anti-positivism in early Soviet linguistics: A Marxist or idealist stance? 188 1. Introduction 188 2. (Mechanical) causality 189 3. The rejection of Positivism among Russian intellectuals: A “bourgeois” or “Western” science? 194 4. A German-Italian idealist solution 195 5. Conclusion 198 References 198 De la fusion des langues au repli sur soi (URSS 1917-1953) 200 1. Introduction 200 2. Linguistique et “Grand tournant” 201 3. La fusion des langues 202 4. La langue est désormais un système fermé 204 5. Conclusion 207 Références 208 Semantics as a background for (pre)semiotic trends in Russian intellectual history of the 1920s-1930 210 1. A retrospective view on the Golden Age of Russian semiotics 210 2. Semantics as a background to Russian semiotics 211 3. The intellectual heritage of both (pre)semiotic trends 216 References 217 Présence de la Russie dans le réseau phonétique international (1886-1940) 220 1. La Russie et l’Occident entre XIXe et XXe siècles 220 2. Lev ŠĊerba (1880-1944): Saint-Pétersbourg - Paris. Une visibilité internationale 225 3. Les trois Congrès internationaux des sciences phonétiques 226 4. Quelques réflexions pour conclure 227 Références 229 Index of biographical names 232 Index of subjects and terms 238 Since the end of the 19th Century, phonetics builds up an international network. In France, two figures attract foreigners: Paul Passy, the leader of the renewal of foreign language learning through an oral approach and Father Rousselot, the undisputed father of experimental phonetics. This paper aims at recognizing the presence of Russian research fellows (and particularly of Lev Ščerba) in several places: the International Congresses of Phonetic Sciences (1932, 1935, 1938) and of experimental phonetics (Hamburg 1914); the Société de linguistique de Paris (SLP) and the International Phonetic Since the end of the 19th Century, phonetics builds up an international network. In France, two figures attract foreigners: Paul Passy, the leader of the renewal of foreign language learning through an oral approach and Father Rousselot, the undisputed father of experimental phonetics. This paper aims at recognizing the presence of Russian research fellows (and particularly of Lev Šcerba) in several places: the International Congresses of Phonetic Sciences (1932, 1935, 1938) and of experimental phonetics (Hamburg 1914); the Société de linguistique de Paris (SLP) and the International Phonetic