History of Forensic Medicine

HANDBOOK OF FORENSIC MEDICINE The gold standard in forensic medicine references In the Second Edition of Handbook of Forensic Medicine , editor Burkhard Madea brings to the reader, through a global team of expert contributors, a comprehensive and international approach to forensic medicine. In addition to offering new coverage of crime scene investigation, blood stain pattern analysis, terrorist attacks, fire disasters, new psychoactive substances, and molecular pathology, the book provides a thorough review of all aspects of forensic medicine. The chapters represent all aspects of quality control and best practice and include case studies throughout to help illustrate the concepts discussed within and emphasize the links between diverse subdisciplines. Specialists engaged in daily casework will find that aspects of routine analysis are addressed in each chapter. Handbook of Forensic Medicine 2e also covers the latest developments in forensic molecular biology, forensic toxicology, molecular pathology, and immunohistochemistry. It also This is a must-read resource for every specialist in forensic medicine, toxicology, and haemogenetics, as well as anyone expected to prepare a report for court proceedings. It’s also an ideal reference for lawyers and law students. Title Contents History of Forensic Medicine – Preface. Burkhard Madea 1 History of Forensic Medicine – a brief introduction. Burkhard Madea Definitions Civilizations of the Near East and China Justinian enactments Further development (Italian town charters) Forensic medicine as a book science Forensic medicine as an experimental science Current problems References 2 History of the autopsy. Burkhard Madea References 3 Historical development of Forensic Medicine in Austria. Stefan Pollak Introduction History of Forensic Medicine in Austria Current structure of medico-legal services Teaching Leading personalities Main books and journals National scientific society Regular national scientific meetings Cooperation on the national and international level Final remarks 4 The History of Chinese Forensic Medicine and Science. Xinshan CHEN, Ruiting HUANG Section 1 Introduction Section 2 Forensic Medicine and Science in Ancient China Section 3 Modern Chinese Forensic Medicine and Science Section 4 Chinese Forensic Medicine and Science Education Section 5 Leading personalities within Chinese Forensic Medicine and Science Section 6 Main National Scientific Societies in the Field of Forensic Medicine and Science Section 7 National Literature in the Field of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science Section 8 International cooperation and future prospects References 5 Forensic Medicine in France. Bertrand Ludes 1 Introduction 2 History of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences in the country 3 Current structure of the medico-legal and forensic services in the country 4 Teaching of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science 5 Scientific achievements 6 Main books and regular national scientific journals in the field of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science 7 National scientific societies in the fields of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science Conclusion References 6 History of Forensic Medicine in Germany. Burkhard Madea, Johanna Preuß-Wössner, Gunther Geserick, Ingo Wirth, Eberhard Lignitz Introduction History of Forensic Medicine in Germany German Society of Forensic Medicine Portraits of some of the founders of the German Society of Legal Medicine History of Forensic Medicine in the Weimar Republic Forensic Medicine during National Socialism Forensic Medicine in the German Democratic Republic Main scientists Journals Textbooks on Legal Medicine Education Present situation Financing References 7 History of Forensic Medicine in Greece. Theodore Vougiouklakis 1. Introduction 2. History of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science in the country 3. Current structure of the medico-legal and forensic services in the country 4. Teaching of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science 5. Leading personalities of the country within the Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science 6. Main books and regular national scientific journals in the field of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science 7. National scientific societies in the fields of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science 8. Regular national scientific meetings within the Legal Medicine and Forensic Science 9. Cooperation at national and international level 10. Future prospects of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences in the country and the final remarks References 8 The Development of Forensic Medicine in Hong Kong. Philip Beh The Development of Forensic Science Other areas of forensic science Fire Investigation Forensic Odontology Forensic Education Private Forensics References 9 Legal Medicine in Italy. Cristina Cattaneo, Riccardo Zoia History of Legal Medicine in Italy The present scenario Forensic pathology: scene of crime, autopsies and related laboratory work Clinical forensic medicine Social and Insurance Medicine and other forms of medico legal activity Experts and Courts Text books and Journals University Institutes: academic teaching and training Associations and Annual meetings Bibliography 10 History of Forensic Medicine and autopsy in Japan. Toshikazu Kondo, Takaki Ishikawa, Kenji Ishihara 1. Introduction 2. Early modern Japan 3. Late Modern Japan 4. Modern Japan Conclusion References 11 Forensic Medicine and related disciplines in Poland. Krzysztof Jerzy Wozniak, Erazm Baran, Tomasz Konopka 1. Introduction 2. History of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science on Polish soil 3. Medico-legal and Forensic Medicine services in the Republic of Poland 4. Teaching of Forensic Medicine and related disciplines in Poland 5. Leading personalities in the history of Forensic Medicine in Poland 6. Main books and regular national scientific journals in the field of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science 7. National scientific societies in the field of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science 8. Regular national scientific meetings within Legal Medicine and Forensic Science 9. Cooperation at international level 10. Future prospects of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences in Poland and final remarks References 12 Historical aspects of Legal Medicine in Romania. George Cristian Curca, Octavian Buda, Violeta Ionela Chirica References 13 History of Russian Forensic Medicine. Vladimir Klevno, Viktor Nazarov 1. Introduction 2. History of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Medical Science in the Russian Federation 3. Modern structure of forensic medical Service and forensic medical activity in Russia 4. Forensic Medicine and criminalistics education 5. Outstanding figures of russia in the field of Forensic Medicine of the xx-xxi centuries 6. The main books and the proceeding editions about Forensic Science and practice 7. Scientific organizations of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Medical Science 8. Regular scientific meetings in Forensic Medicine and Criminalistics 9. Cooperation at national and international level 10. Prospects of development of forensic medicine and medicolegal science in the country 14 Forensic Medicine in Spain. Aurelio Luna, Maria D. Perez-Carceles Introduction History of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences in Spain Teaching of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science Legal Medicine as a medical speciality Current structure of the medico-legal and forensic services in the country Main books and regular national scientific journals in the field of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science National scientific societies in the fields of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science Regular national scientific meetings within the Legal Medicine and Forensic Science Future prospects of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences in the country and the final remarks References 15 History of Forensic Medical Sciences in Sweden. Anders Eriksson and Alan Wayne Jones 1. Introduction 2. History of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Toxicology in Sweden 3. Forensic Toxicology 4. Early teaching of Forensic Medicine 5. Current structure of the medico-legal services in Sweden 6. Teaching of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science – current situation 7. Leading personalities in Forensic Medicine and Forensic Toxicology, recent and current 8. Main books and scientific journals in the field of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science originating from Sweden 9. National scientific societies in Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science in Sweden 10. Regular national scientific meetings within Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science 11. National and international cooperation 12. Future prospects for Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences in Sweden 13. References and further information 16 History of Forensic Science and Medicine in U.A.E. Younis Albalooshi, Fatima Alkhamiri, Mohamed Hegazi, Emad Mannaa Introduction The Forensic Medicine in the country Sharjah Police Forensic Science Laboratory References: 17 The History and Current Practice of Forensic Pathology in the United Kingdom. Alexander Kolar, Matt Lyall, Stephen Wills 1. Introduction 2. History of Forensic Medicine and Sciences in the Country 3. Current Structure of the Medico-legal and Forensic Services 4. Teaching of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science 5. Leading Personalities of the Country within Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science 6. Main Books and Regular National Scientific Journals in the Field of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science 7. National Scientific Societies in the Field of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science 8. Regular National Scientific Meetings within the Legal Medicine and Forensic Science 9. Cooperation at national and International Level 10. Future Prospects of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science and Final Remarks 18 Historical Perspectives on Death Investigation in the United States. Jeffery Jentzen 1. Introduction 2. History of Forensic Medicine and Sciences in the Country 3. Current structure of Medicolegal and Forensic Services in the Country 4. Teaching of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Science 5. Main Books and Regular National Journals in the Field of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science 6. National Societies in Forensic medicine and Forensic Science 7. Cooperation at the National and International Level References: History of Forensic Medicine – List of contributors Forensic Medicine is an old medical discipline defined as “that science, which teaches the application of every branch of medical knowledge to the purpose of the law” (Alfred Swaine Taylor). Forensic Medicine deals with medical evidence not only in practice but also in research and furthermore all legal essentials in health care especially for doctors are part of teaching, training and research. Several steps in the development of Forensic Medicine can be distinguished: • At first the use of medical knowledge for legal and public purposes. • Secondly the compulsory medical testimony for the guidance of judges. • Thirdly the professionalization as an own academic discipline. The development and existence of a speciality of Forensic Medicine depends essentially on two factors: on a sufficiently high development of the law and on a sufficiently high development of medicine. The period of professionalization of Forensic Medicine as an own academic discipline started in the 19th century, especially in Paris, Vienna, London, Edinburgh, Berlin. Since than the world has changed dramatically and we are now witnesses of a rapid, deep-rooted social cultural, legal and technological transformation. Already 40 years ago Professor Bernhard Knight wrote in a survey on legal medicine in Europe: “In all aspects of life, the exchange of information on an international level can do nothing but good and legal medicine is no exception.” This book on the History of Forensic Medicine is an approach in this direction. Forensic Medicine has a long and rich tradition since medical expertise has to face legal questions and new questions and developments raised by the society. The aim of this book is to address the state of Forensic Medicine in different countries worldwide. With contributions from Europe, China, Japan, the United States and the United Arabic Emirates.