History in Dispute, Volume 10 - Crusades, 1095 to 1291

What caused the fall of the Roman empire? What did the second amendment to the U.S. constitution mean to the founding fathers? What was the role of black troops in the American Civil War? History in Dispute addresses these heavily debated questions by offering your students different critical perspectives on major historical events, drawn from all time periods and from all parts of the globe. The intent of this biennial series is to provide students with an enhanced understanding of events only summarized in history texts, help stimulate critical thinking and provide ideas for papers and assignments. Each volume in the History in Dispute series has a thematic, era or subject-specific focus that coincides with the way history is studied at the academic level. Each volume contains roughly 50 entries, chosen by an advisory board of historians and academics. Entries begin with a brief overview summarizing the controversy. This introduction is followed by two or more signed, point-counterpoint essays of 1,500 to 2,000 words each. Features include excerpts from primary source documents to illuminate the viewpoints presented with each entry; photographs and drawings of individuals, sites, objects or documents pertinent to the event or topic; and a chronological list of events. Volumes include a cumulative subject index. Look for coverage of: World War II Civil and human rights The Cold War The Depression The Vietnam War The Civil War World colonization The rise and fall of nations Biblical times The Soviet Union Native America And more Cover Page......Page 1 ADVISORY BOARD......Page 3 Title Page......Page 4 ISBN 1558624546......Page 5 CONTENTS (with page links)......Page 6 ABOUT THE SERIES......Page 12 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 13 PREFACE......Page 14 CHRONOLOGY......Page 30 Aljamas: What impact did aljamas (Muslim communities subject to Christian rule) have on the acculturation of Muslimsin Spain?......Page 37 The Americas: Was the conquest of the Americas an extension of the medieval Crusades?......Page 43 Attacks on Jews: What was the main cause of attacks on Jews during the Crusades?......Page 49 Byzantine-Latin Relations: Did poor relations between the Byzantine Empire and the western Roman Empire contribute to the failure of the Crusades and the ultimate loss of the Crusader States?......Page 60 Children's and Shepherds' Crusades: Were the Children's and Shepherds' Crusades class protests of the poor against the wealthy?......Page 68 Convivencia: Does convivencia (coexistence) describe relationships among Christians and Muslims in Spain during the Middle Ages?......Page 76 Crusader States: Did the Crusader States collapse from external pressure rather than internal weaknesses?......Page 82 Defining Moment: Does the modern-era conflict between the West and the Islamic Near East have its roots in the Crusades?......Page 91 Disillusionment: Did the failure of Louis IX's military campaigns in the thirteenth century begin a period of disillusionment among the Crusaders?......Page 100 Economic Motives: Were the Crusades motivated primarily by economic considerations?......Page 107 Ethical Perspectives: Did the Crusades represent a distortion of the Christian message?......Page 115 Fifth Crusade: Why did the Fifth Crusade end in failure?......Page 123 First Crusade: What was the most significant motivational factor in the massive lay response to the First Crusade?......Page 133 Fourth Crusade: Was the Fourth Crusade really a crusade?......Page 143 Gregory VII: Was Gregory VII the founder of the crusading movement?......Page 151 Inventing the Crusades: Were there any genuine Crusades before the thirteenth century?......Page 159 Jihad: Did the Islamic concept of jihad (just war) influence the development of Crusade ideology?......Page 168 Louis IX: Were the Crusades of Louis IX motivated more by political pragmatism than religious idealism?......Page 175 Maritime States: Did the Italian maritime republics strengthen the Crusader States?......Page 184 Military Orders: Did the Islamic ribat (military religious communities) serve as the model for the Christian Crusaders?......Page 194 Military Strategy: Did the Crusaders have a coherent military strategy for securing the Holy Land?......Page 203 Missionary Activity: Was the conversion of non-Christians among the primary goals of the Crusades?......Page 212 The Mongols: Would a Latin-llkhan Mongol alliance have strengthened and preserved the Crusader States?......Page 218 Muslims: Were Muslims treated better by the Crusaders than by Islamic rulers in the East?......Page 226 Orientalization: Was there a significant fusion of Islamic and Latin Christian culture in the Crusader States?......Page 233 The Papacy: Did the Crusades strengthen the papacy?......Page 240 Peter the Hermit: Did Peter the Hermit initiate the First Crusade?......Page 247 Political Crusades: Were the political Crusades against Christians a later distortion of the original concept of crusading?......Page 259 Popular Crusades: Were the Popular Crusades legitimately a part of the crusading movement?......Page 267 Reconquista: Was the Reconquista really a Christian reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula?......Page 277 Saladin and Richard I: Was Saladin a better military commander than Richard I?......Page 283 Third Crusade: Was the Third Crusade a success?......Page 290 Traditionalists and Pluralists: What is a Crusade?......Page 300 Treatment of Jews: Did the Jews have a more stable position under Islamic rule than Christian rule?......Page 308 Urban II: What was Pope Urban II's main objective in launching the First Crusade?......Page 315 Vow Redemption: Did vow redemption, a knight's promise to send a substitute soldier to the Holy Land or provide a monetary pledge to Rome, hamper the crusading movement?......Page 327 Western Imperialism: Were the Crusades the beginning of Western imperialism and colonialism in the Middle East?......Page 336 REFERENCES......Page 343 CONTRIBUTORS' NOTES......Page 349 INDEX......Page 351 Vol. 1. The Cold War : first series / edited by Benjamin Frankel v. 2. American social and political movements, 1900-1945 : pursuit of liberty / edited by Robert J. Allison v. 3. American social and political movements, 1900-1945 : pursuit of progress / edited by Robert J. Allison v. 4. World War II / edited by Dennis Showalter v. 5. World War II / edited by Dennis Showalter v. 6. The Cold War : second series / edited by Dennis E. Showalter and Paul DuQuenoy v. 7. Water and the environment since 1945 : global perspectives v. 8. World War I, first series / edited by Dennis E. Showalter v. 9. World War I : second series / edited by Dennis Showalter v. 10. The Crusades, 1095-1291 v. 11. The Holocaust, 1933-1945 / edited by Tandy McConnell v. 12. The American Revolution, 1763-1789 / edited by Keith Krawczynksi v. 13. Slavery in the Western hemisphere, circa 1500-1888 / edited by Mark G. Malvasi v. 14. The Middle East since 1945. First series / edited by David W. Lesch v. 15. The Middle East since 1945. Second series / edited by David W. Lesch v. 16. Twentieth-century European social and political movements. First series / edited by Paul du Quenoy v. 17. Twentieth-century European social and political movements. Second series / edited by Paul du Quenoy v. 18. The Spanish Civil War / edited by Kenneth W. Estes and Daniel Kowalsky v. 19. The Red scare after 1945 / edited by Robbie Lieberman v. 20. Classical antiquity and classical studies / edited by Paul Allen Miller and Charles Platter v. 21. Revolutionary Russia, 1890-1930 / edited by Paul du Quenoy Volume I of a projected six-volume set designed to stimulate critical thinking about major historical events by illuminating opposing viewpoints and perspectives on heavily debated questions. Each volume will contain about 50 entries that begin with a brief overview summarizing the controversy followed by two or more point-counterpoint essays; primary source documents critical to the debate; a list of key players involved in the event; photographs and drawings of the pertinent individuals, sites, objects or documents; and suggestions for further reading. Includes a chronology. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR Addresses heavily debated questions by offering different critical perspectives on major historical events, drawn from all time periods and from all parts of the globe. This volume covers the Crusades, 1095-1291. Provides students with an enhanced understanding of events only summarized in history texts, helps stimulate critical thinking and provides ideas for papers and assignments