Historical Linguistics 1993: Selected Papers From The 11th International Conference On Historical Linguistics, Los Angeles, 16-20 August 1993 (current Issues In Linguistic Theory)

This volume contains a selection of 34 of the 96 papers presented at ICHL 1993, including several of the contributions to the workshop on Parameters and Typology organized jointly by Henning Andersen and David W. Lightfoot. Major topics represented are grammaticalization and functional renewal (illustrated with changes in romance, French, Pennsylvania German, Afrikaans, English, Finnish), changes in syntax (Indo-European, Indo-Aryan, Ancient Greek, Romanian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Japanese, Dutch, English) and discourse structure (Old Russian, Old French), morphology (German, Turkic), phonology (Romance, Italian, French, German, Old English, English). Several papers include sociolinguistic, areal, and typological perspectives on change; a few are specifically concerned with reconstruction or with the principles of reconstruction, and several demonstrate the continued importance of the philological methods in the study of texts. CILT 124 HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS 1993 2 Editorial page 3 Title page 4 Copyright page 5 PREFACE 6 Table of contents 8 REGRAMMATICALIZATION AND DEGRAMMATICALIZATION OF THE INCHOATIVE SUFFIX 12 REFERENCES 18 LIGHT SHED ON PROBLEMS OF TURKIC CONJUGATION:THE NORTHEAST TURKIC PROGRESSIVE PRESENT IN-Ipča(t)AND THE 'MIXED' CONJUGATION 20 REFERENCES 28 ON THE HISTORY OF RELATIVE CLAUSES IN FRENCHAND SOME OF ITS DIALECTS 30 0 Introduction 30 1.0 Relative clause patterns in the history of French 34 2 Support for this analysis: other Romance dialects 40 3 Conclusion 41 REFERENCES 42 FUNCTIONAL RENEWAL 44 1 Theoretical background 44 2 The HAVE + PP constructions 45 3 Inversions in English 49 4 Further cases 53 5 Conclusion 55 REFERENCES 56 PASSIVES AND ERGATIVES IN MIDDLE INDO-ARYAN 60 1 Theories of the origin of the ergative in Indo-Aryan languages 60 2 Typological changes in Middle Indo-Aryan 61 3 Conclusions 66 REFERENCES 68 EVIDENCE OFGRAMMATICALIZATION IN PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN 70 1 Introduction 70 2 Grammaticalization —from lexicon to grammar 71 3 Grammaticalization —from discourse to grammar 80 4 Conclusion 84 REFERENCES 85 OLD FORMS FOR NEW CONCEPTS: THE RECATEGORIZATION OF POSSESSIVE DUPLICATIONSIN MEXICAN SPANISH 88 1 Introduction 88 2 An alternative analysis 89 3 The data 91 4 The change from textual to pragmatic duplication 95 5 Permanence and diffusion of possessive duplications in Mexican Spanish 99 6 Conclusion 100 REFERENCES 101 ON SUBJECTIFICATION IN MODAL ADVERBS 104 1 Introduction 104 2 Lexical typology 104 3 Semantic typology 106 4 Categorial sources of modality in adverbs 108 5 Mechanisms of change 112 SOURCES 113 REFERENCES 114 GENDER, CLASS, AND PRESTIGEIN THE SPREAD OF AN ALLOPHONIC RULE 116 1 Introduction 116 2 Background 117 3 Informants and data collection 119 4 Results 120 5 Interpretation 123 6 Conclusion 124 REFERENCES 125 RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PROTO-ROMANCE SYLLABLE 128 0 Introduction 128 1 Theoretical assumptions 128 2 Diachronic sound changes in Romance 132 3 Summary 138 4 Conclusion 141 REFERENCES 142 THE DEVELOPMENT OF WORD-FINAL /b/ IN ENGLISH 144 0 Introduction 144 1 Data classification 144 2 Discussion 149 SOURCES 152 REFERENCES 153 AREAL LINGUISTICS IN PREHISTORY: EVIDENCE FROM INDO-EUROPEAN ASPECT 154 REFERENCES 167 THE LATER STAGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEDEFINITE ARTICLE: EVIDENCE FROM FRENCH 170 1 Introduction 170 2 Background: the cycle of the definite article 171 3 The zero article in Modern French 173 4 Implicationsfor grammaticalization theory 180 5 Conclusion 185 REFERENCES 186 PARAMETERS UNDERLYING THE ORGANIZATIONOF MEDIEVAL RUSSIAN TEXTS 188 1 Introduction 188 2 Textual units in the Synodal MS of the First Novgorod Chronicle 190 REFERENCES 201 WHAT THE CHOICE OF THE OVERT NOMINALIZER NO DIDTO MODERN JAPANESE SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS 202 1 Introduction 202 REFERENCES 213 ON CATEGORIAL EVOLUTION: A CASE STUDY IN SPANISH POSSESSIVES 216 1 Old Spanish possessives: a hypothesis 216 2 Case assignment and genitive case 217 3 Case-theoretic account of Old Spanish possessives 220 4 Change in binding relation 222 5 Concluding remarks 223 SOURCES 225 REFERENCES 226 REGRESSION AND CREATIONIN THE DOUBLE ACCUSATIVE IN ANCIENT GREEK 228 0 Introduction 228 1 The double accusative of the whole and the part 228 2 Double accusative with two external objects 229 3 Double accusative with local accusatives 232 4 Double accusatives in idioms 234 5 Double accusative with verbs of judgement or condemnation 235 REFERENCES 236 MORPHOLOGICAL REANALYSIS AND TYPOLOGY:THE CASE OF THE GERMAN r-PLURALAND WHY ENGLISH DID NOT DEVELOP IT 238 REFERENCES 247 ON THE GRAMMATICIZATION OF THE DEFINITE ARTICLE SEIN SPOKEN FINNISH 250 1 Introduction 250 2 Article development as a paradigm case of grammaticization 251 3 The development of SE 252 4 The development of SE as an example of grammaticization 258 5 Conclusion 259 REFERENCES 259 IDENTIFYING AN OLD FRENCH TEXTWITH THE HELP OF DIALECT ANALYSIS 262 1 The date of the original 262 2 Localizing the copy and the original 263 3 Localizing the copy 264 4 Localizing the Original 265 5 Conclusion 268 REFERENCES 269 PROTOTYPICALITY AND AGENTHOOD IN INDO-EUROPEAN 270 0 Introduction 270 1 Special morphologyf or non-prototypical agents 271 2 Split control 275 3 Discussion 277 4 Conclusions 278 REFERENCES 279 GENETIC CONGRUENCE VERSUS AREAL CONVERGENCE:THE MISFORTUNE OF LATIN AD IN ROMANIAN 280 1 The enclitic declension 281 2 The syncretism of genitive and dative and the personal pronouns 282 3 The functions of A(D) in sixteenth and seventeenth century texts 283 4 A and the possessive demonstrative AL 286 5 The competition between A and LA "at, to". 289 6 Conclusions 290 SOURCES 291 ON THE FATE OF ADJECTIVAL DECLENSIONIN OVERSEAS DUTCH (WITH SOME NOTES ON THE HISTORY OF DUTCH) 294 1 Introductory remarks 294 2 Adjectival declension in seventeenth-century Dutch 296 3 Developments in adjectival declension in overseas Dutch 297 4 Some conclusions 301 REFERENCES 305 CLITIC PLACEMENT FROM OLD TO MODERN EUROPEAN PORTUGUESE 306 0 Introduction 306 1 Clitic placement in Modern Portuguese 306 2 Clitic placement in Old Portuguese 311 3 Explaining the changes between Old and Modern European Portuguese 315 4 Final remarks 317 REFERENCES 318 A DIACHRONIC VIEWOF PREPOSITIONAL VERBS OF EMOTION IN SPANISH 320 1 Introduction 320 2.1 The active construction 323 3 The prepositions 325 4 Conclusion 330 SOURCES 331 REFERENCES 333 PHONOLOGICALLY BASED MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE:HIGH-VOWEL DELETION AND PARADIGMATIC IMPLICATIONSIN OLD ENGLISH 334 1 Background 334 2 High-Vowel Deletion 335 3 Set I exceptions 337 4 Set II exceptions 338 5 Evidence for the relevance of syllable count 342 6 Evidence for the relevance of weight 343 7 Markedness and syllable count of stems 343 8 Paradigm collapse 344 9 Conclusion 346 REFERENCES 347 DIACHRONICALLY STABLE STRUCTURAL FEATURES 348 1 Introduction 348 2 Survey 351 3 Results 361 4 Interpretation 364 THE DIACHRONIC DISTRIBUTION OF BARE AND PREPOSITIONAL INFINITIVES IN ENGLISH 368 1 Introduction 368 2 Bare and prepositional infinitives in Romance 368 3 English infinitives 369 4 Diachronic analysis 370 5 Conclusion 378 REFERENCES 379 OBJECT SHIFT IN OLD SPANISH: A MINIMALIST THEORY APPROACH 382 1 Theoretical background 382 2 Object Shift constructions 383 3 The position of shifted objects 386 4 The loss of Object Shift Constructions 388 REFERENCES 388 LEXICAL DIFFUSION AS A GUIDE TO SCRIBAL INTENT:A COMPARISON OF ME «eo» AND «e» SPELLINGSIN THE PETERBOROUGH CHRONICLE AND THE ORMULUM 390 REFERENCES 396 VERB-SECONDING IN OLD ENGLISH 398 1 Introduction 398 2 Background assumptions 398 3 The V2 constraint 399 4 Leftward verb movement in Old English main clauses 403 5 V2 in Old English subordinate clauses 406 6 Summary and conclusions 408 REFERENCES 408 THE THEMATIC STRUCTUREOF THE MAIN CLAUSE IN OLD FRENCH: OR VERSUS SI 412 1 Introduction 412 2 Outline of a pragmatic theory of SI 413 3 Verification procedure 416 4 OR in the preverbal slot: results 422 5 Conclusion 428 REFERENCES 429 ON DIFFERENT WAYS OFOPTIMIZING THE SOUND SHAPE OF WORDS 432 1 Introduction 432 2 Different preferences in the shortenings and in the normal lexicon 434 REFERENCES 442 EXAPTATION AND GRAMMATICALIZATION 444 REFERENCES 455 AUTHORS' ADDRESSES 458 INDEX OF NAMES 460 INDEX OF LANGUAGES 468