Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (Historical Dictionaries of Europe)

Switzerland's exceptional scenic beauty of valleys, lakes, and mountains, its central location on international trade routes, and its world famous banking system are just a few elements that have contributed to its rise in the global market. This relatively small nation is actively engaged in the maintenance of peace among nations and at the forefront of technological research. Consisting of twenty-six member states, called cantons, the history of the Swiss Confederation is as rich and varied as its culture and people. The Historical Dictionary of Switzerland features the nation's multicultural and democratic traditions and institutions, its complex history, and its people's involvement in past and present world affairs. This is done through a list of abbreviations and acronyms, a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, maps, a bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on important persons, places, events, and institutions, as well as significant political, economic, social, and cultural aspects. This informative, concise, and accurate reference corrects the numerous false impressions of this important country. Editor’s Foreword......Page 11 Preface......Page 13 Acronyms and Abbreviations......Page 15 Map......Page 19 Chronology......Page 21 Introduction......Page 41 The Dictionary......Page 83 Appendix A: Abbreviations and Official Names of Switzerland and Its Cantons in English, German, French, Italian, and Rumantsch Grischun......Page 493 Appendix B: Abbreviations and Names of Political Parties......Page 497 Appendix C: Selected Political Terms......Page 499 Appendix D: Selected Double Geographic Names......Page 503 Appendix E: Resident Population of Swiss Cantons in 1800, 1850, 1900, 1950, 2000......Page 507 Appendix F: Characteristics of the Population of Cantonal Capitals on 31 December 2000......Page 509 Appendix G: Registered and Estimated Swiss Abroad in 1950......Page 517 Appendix H: Registered Swiss Abroad with Single and Dual Citizenship in 2000......Page 519 Appendix I: Main European Countries of Origin of Resident Aliens in Switzerland, 1860–1950......Page 523 Appendix J: Continents and Countries of Origin of Swiss Resident Aliens in 2004......Page 525 Bibliography......Page 527 About the Author......Page 611 Основы швейцарского государства были заложены в 1291.Название происходит от наименования кантона Швиц, образованного от древненемецкого «жечь». До конца XVIII века в стране не существовало центральных государственных органов, но периодически созывались общесоюзные соборы — тагзатцунг.Швейцария имеет давние традиции политического и военного нейтралитета,она начала придерживаться статуса нейтралитета после заключения мирного договора с Францией 29 ноября 1516 года, в котором был провозглашён "вечный мир". В 1713 году нейтралитет страны был признан Францией, Испанией, Нидерландами и Англией, заключившими Утрехтский мир. Скрины (http://fastpic.ru/) (http://fastpic.ru/) (http://fastpic.ru/view/3/2009/1023/243e4e1f4a44384d3458c07d701386b2.jpg.html) "Historical Dictionary of Switzerland details the nation's multicultural and democratic traditions and institutions, complex history, and involvement in past and present world affairs by way of a list of acronyms and abbreviations, a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, maps, a bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on important people, places, events, and institutions, as well as significant political, economic, social, and cultural aspects. This informative and concise reference corrects numerous false impressions of this important country."--BOOK JACKET